What is the basic unit of structure and function of the human kidney

It is composed of nephrons, renal sacs, glomeruli, and collecting ducts.

Nephron is the basic unit of the basic structure and function of the kidney, consisting of glomeruli, renal sacs, and renal tubules.

The main structures of the kidneys include:

1. Glomeruli: complete the renal filtration function and remove metabolites and poisons from the body;

2. Renal tubules: reabsorb the useful substances (sugars, amino acids, small molecules of Lusen occlusion proteins and salts, etc.) filtered out by the glomeruli, secrete certain metabolites and drugs to remove them, and regulate the balance of acid, base and water in the body;

3. Collecting duct and renal pelvis: urine discharge pipeline participates in the body's balance regulation.

The main functions of the human kidneys:

1. Generate cracked urine to maintain water balance;

2. Discharge metabolites and toxic substances from the human body;

3. Regulate electrolyte and acid-base balance;

4. Secrete renin, angiotensin, prostaglandins and other vasoactive substances, which play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure;

5. Secrete erythropoietin to promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and produce red blood cells;

6. Convert active vitamin D precursors into active vitamin D, regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body, maintain the normal structure and function of bones, and participate in the regulation of adolescent immune function.

Answer]: E test-taking guidance] Nephron is the functional unit of the slag sensitive of the skin beaming kidney, which together with the collecting duct completes the process of urine production and ignition. Nephrons are made up of renal corpuscles and tubules.

Nephrons include renal corpuscles and tubules The core of the nephrosomes is a glomerulus composed of a network of capillaries, which are surrounded by renal sacs, and the cavity of the nephrosomes communicates with the renal tubules

The diagram is as follows: <>

So the answer is: nephrons; Renal corpuscles; Renal tubules.

To put it simply, the kidney is composed of the renal capsule, renal cortex and renal medulla, and the glomeruli and renal tubule are its basic units, and their main function is to produce and excrete urine through filtration and reabsorption functions, so impaired renal function can lead to sodium and water retention, and local or even systemic edema occurs.

The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which is composed of glomeruli, tubules, and Bowman's sac.

is a nephron that is made up of glomeruli and tubules

If you look closely at the renal cortex and renal medulla, you'll see that there are a lot of tiny tubular structures that pass through the two areas and intersect perpendicular to the surface of the kidney. There are a million such structures in each kidney, called nephrons. Nephron is the basic unit of the kidney.

A nephron is a long, thin tube that is closed at one end with a long hairpin loop between the two curved parts and a long, straight end with the entire nephron surrounded by capillaries. The components of a nephron are as follows: *Bowman's sac – the closed end of the nephron's beginning.

Baumann's sac is located within the renal cortex. *Proximal convoluted tubule or proximal tubule—The first curvature after Bauman's sac, also located within the renal cortex. *Henry's loop—A long hairpin loop behind the proximal tubule that extends from the renal cortex down into the renal medulla and back to the renal cortex.

Distal convoluted tubules, or distal tubules—the second curvature behind Henry's loop, are also located within the renal cortex. *Confluence – The long straight part behind the distal tubule, which is the open end of the nephron, extending down from the renal cortex and through the renal medulla. Resources.

Nephron test question analysis: Nephron is the basic unit of the structure and function of the kidney, which is composed of glomeruli, renal sac and renal tubule The formation of urine is mainly through two continuous processes: filtration and reabsorption When blood flows through the glomeruli and renal sac wall, in addition to blood cells and macromolecular proteins, a part of the plasma such as water, inorganic salts, glucose and urea can be filtered into the renal sac through the glomeruli The fluid in the renal sac is called protourine The human body forms about 150 liters of raw urine every day When protourine flows through the renal tubules, All glucose, most of the water and some inorganic salts are reabsorbed by the renal tubules, and enter the capillaries that surround the outside of the renal tubules and are sent back to the bloodstream, and the remaining water, inorganic salts, urea, etc. form urine Functionally, nephrons are the basic units for the formation of urine. So the answer is: nephrons;

Nephron is the basic unit of structure and function of the kidney, consisting of glomeruli, renal sacs, and renal tubules

Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney, which is composed of glomeruli and tubules, which in turn include proximal tubules, medullary loops, and distal tubules. According to the different distribution sites and functions of nephrons in the renal cortical medulla, nephrons are divided into cortical nephrons and paramedullary nephrons. The glomeruli of the cortical nephron, which is mainly located in the superficial and middle part of the renal cortex, has a short medullary loop, and after entering the outer medulla, it removes to the cortex or returns before reaching the cortex; The glomeruli of the paramedullary nephron, located in the deep part of the cortex, has a long medullary loop, which can reach the inner medulla from the deep part of the cortex, and is the main structural basis of the concentrating function of the kidney.

The glomerular filtration barrier consists of two parts: the charge barrier and the mechanical barrier. The charge barrier is located on the inner side of capillary endothelial cells and is composed of a group of negatively charged biological macromolecules; The mechanical barrier from the inside to the outside is the capillary endothelial cell, the glomerular basement membrane, and the epithelial cell interpodocyte fissure membrane. This three-layer structure and the cracks on it serve as the structural basis of the mechanical barrier to prevent medium and large molecules from being filtered out.

In terms of function, we say that the main functions of the kidney, the first is that it has the function of drainage, we say urination, which is a very important function, the second is a function of excretion of metabolic wastes, and the third is a function of regulating the acid-base balance in the body, which are the three major functions.