What are the key points of the physical examination program for the elderly?

Middle-aged and elderly people, especially those over 50 years old, should have targeted physical examinations to detect and control common and frequent diseases as soon as possible, and maintain a healthy body.

The physical examination of the elderly should be targeted, according to their own health status to choose their own health examination items, for the physical characteristics of the elderly, we can generally consider the following examination items:

Transcranial Doppler.

Understand the blood flow of intracranial and extracranial blood vessels, cerebral artery ring vessels and their branches, and dynamically monitor cerebrovascular diseases.

Two liver functions. Check whether the metabolic function of the liver is normal and whether there is liver damage.

Fasting blood glucose. Check for diabetes and hypoglycemia; It is also the basic method of screening for diabetes.

Four lipids. Blood lipid concentration is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and this test is helpful in the diagnosis of arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease and nephrotic syndrome.

Carotid ultrasound.

Early detection of arterial vascular lesions provides an objective hemodynamic basis for effectively preventing and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9

Screening and efficacy monitoring for pancreatic cancer, biliary tract tumors, gastrointestinal cancer, etc.

Hepatitis B five. Check for hepatitis B infection and antibodies to hepatitis B.

Four trace elements.

Detect and check the levels of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in the body, and observe the recent nutritional situation.

Two tumors. Check the heart, lungs, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, intestines, and nervous system for abnormalities.

Bone mineral density. Determine whether there is osteoporosis and the degree of porosity.

Ophthalmologic examination + slit lamp, fundus.

Check whether your vision is normal, whether you have refractive error, color blindness, etc.

Abdominal ultrasound (color ultrasound).

The liver, gall bladder, pancreas, spleen, and both kidneys are checked for normal structure and morphology.

Pulmonary function tests.

Check whether the lung function and breathing movements are normal, and whether there are any abnormal symptoms.

Alpha-fetoprotein. Primary liver cancer tumor markers.

The elderly are generally a group with a high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and tumor diseases, so the physical examination includes the following items: 1. Blood sampling for blood routine, liver function, kidney function, blood lipids, cardiac enzymes, and then urine routine and stool routine. 2. Electrocardiogram, cardiac color ultrasound, chest CT, cranial CT, and whole abdominal B ultrasound examination.

3. The elderly can check for tumor markers to rule out whether there is a systemic tumor. Fourth, do a ** gastrointestinal endoscopy to rule out tumors in the digestive system. 5. You can check the magnetic resonance of the lumbar spine and cervical spine to see if there is any lumbar spine and cervical disc herniation.

Hello, the middle-aged and elderly physical examination items check blood lipids, blood glucose, blood rheology, liver and kidney function, electrocardiogram, visceral color ultrasound, chest X-ray and other examination items, internal and surgical, ENT and other examinations, if there is a problem then further examination.

The physical examination should be different from person to person, and should be selected according to one's age, gender, occupation, health status and family history.

The most important items in the physical examination of the elderly: blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood routine examination, and serum tumor markers. Chest X-ray or CT scan of the chest.

Abdominal ultrasound can be done to examine the liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, kidney, bladder, prostate in men, and adnexal ovaries in women; Female breast ultrasound examination, women under 65 years old can be done**, liquid-based cytology, HPV examination; Thyroid ultrasound examination, gastrointestinal endoscopy, carbon-13 examination, stool routine examination, fecal occult blood test, urine routine examination.

It is recommended that the elderly choose different items according to their own conditions, detect disease control in time, and detect it early.

Specific projects include:

1. Height and weight (body mass index), blood pressure, internal medicine, surgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology and ** and other departments.

2. Electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, abdominal hepatobiliary, spleen and urinary system ultrasound, breast ultrasound and uterine adnexal ultrasound.

3. Blood sampling and examination of blood routine, liver function, kidney function, blood glucose, blood lipids, uric acid and tumor markers.

4. Urine routine and stool routine (including occult blood test).

5. Bone density test.