Basic literary knowledge of the Book of Songs, literary knowledge about the Book of Songs

1. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poetry in China. It collects 305 poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC) to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (6th century BC) for more than 500 years. The poems in the Book of Songs have been circulated in the Spring and Autumn Period, and were called "poems" or "poems three hundred" at that time.

2. The Book of Poetry is divided into three parts: "Wind", "Ya" and "Song". "Wind" is a ballad from all over the Zhou Dynasty; "Ya" is the positive sound of the Zhou people, and it is divided into "Xiao Ya" and "Da Ya"; "Song" is the music song of the Zhou royal court and the noble temple, and is divided into "Zhou Song", "Lu Song" and "Shang Song".

3. The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and conscription, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and banquets, and even celestial phenomena, landforms, animals, plants and other aspects, which is a mirror of social life in the Zhou Dynasty.

4. The Book of Songs is such a great book, which opens up a paradigm for the excellent traditional Chinese literature: in the river of time, good poetry and even good literature are ultimately related to time, and they trickle down from their narrow valleys to the broader ocean of time and space, and flow endlessly.

5. Confucius selected and compiled the "Book of Songs", in the vast sea of folk poetry.

The Book of Poetry is the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry, the earliest collection of poems, a collection of poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (11th century BC to the 6th century BC), a total of 311 poems, of which 6 are sheng poems, that is, only titles, no content, called six sheng poems (Nanyi, Baihua, Huaxiao, Youkang, Chongwu, Youyi), reflecting the social outlook of about 500 years from the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty to the late Zhou Dynasty. The following is a literary common sense about the Book of Songs, welcome to read.

1. Introduction to the content of the Book of Songs.

On the whole, the Book of Songs is a visual reflection of the social life of China during the 500 years of the Zhou Dynasty's prosperity and decline, including the ode to the founding of the ancestors and the music of sacrificing gods and ghosts; There are also banquets and drinks between nobles, and resentment of uneven work and rest; There are also moving chapters that reflect labor, hunting, and a lot of love, marriage, and social customs.

"Wind" comes from folk songs from all over the world, is the essence of the "Book of Songs" in the chant of love, labor and other beautiful things, there are also nostalgia for the homeland, thinking of people and anti-oppression, anti-bullying grievances and anger, often repeated in the technique of repeated arias, each chapter in a poem is often only a few words different, showing the characteristics of folk songs.

Ya is divided into "Da Ya" and "Xiao Ya", which are mostly poems of aristocratic sacrifices, praying for a good year and praising ancestors. "Daya". The author was an aristocratic literati, but he was dissatisfied with realpolitik, and in addition to banquet songs, sacrificial songs, and epic poems, he also wrote some satirical poems that reflected the wishes of the people.

There are also some folk songs in "Xiaoya".

"Ode" is a poem of the temple sacrifice. The poems in the Ya and Song are of great value for the study of early history, religion, and society.

In the above three parts, there are 40 articles in "Ode", 105 articles in "Ya" (6 articles in "Xiao Ya" have eyes and no poems, not counted), and "Wind" has the largest number, with a total of 160 articles, a total of 305 articles. The ancients took its whole number and often said "three hundred poems".

The Book of Poetry is the first collection of poetry in China, which includes 311 poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period for more than 500 years, also known as "Three Hundred Poems". In the pre-Qin period, it was called "Manuscript Covered Poems", or its whole number was called "Three Hundred Poems". In the Western Han Dynasty, it was revered as a Confucian classic, originally called the "Book of Songs", and has been used to this day.

The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poetry in China. The Book of Songs contains a total of 305 poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, which are divided into three parts: wind, elegance and song.

Among them, "wind" includes the cover folk songs of the Book of Poetry in fifteen places, including some places in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, and northern Hubei today, called "Fifteen National Winds", with 160 articles, which is the core content of the "Book of Songs". "Wind" means earthy wind, wind ballad. "Ya" is the sound of elegant music, that is, the nobles enjoy the banquet or the princes when the music is divided into "big Ya", "Xiao Ya" according to the layout of **, there are 105 poems, including 31 Ya, 74 Ya.

The background of the creation of the Book of Songs

The ancestral home of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou, was originally suitable for agriculture, and the poems such as "Shengmin", "Gongliu" and "Mianmian Gulu" in "Daya" all show that Zhou was to tell Jingqing to rely on agriculture to prosper, and the development of agriculture promoted social progress. Zhou became the co-ruler of the world after King Wu's war, and the patriarchal system of the Sockqian family, land, slave ownership, and the rule of the aristocratic lords became the social and political characteristics of this historical period.

The Western Zhou Dynasty replaced the Yin Shang, in addition to the tyranny of the Shang Dynasty, which was mainly related to its implementation of the slave economic system. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to alleviate the sharp contradiction between the relations of production and the productive forces, and to ease the class struggle, slavery was changed to serfdom. Compared with the Yin Shang Dynasty in the Western Zhou Dynasty, due to the great changes in the economic system, the society made leaps and bounds in spiritual civilization, and the emergence of the Book of Songs as a literary representative was the inevitable product of the progress of the times, which in turn promoted the progress of social civilization.

1. Three hundred poems:

The Book of Poetry is the first collection of poetry in China, formerly known as "Poems", or "Three Hundred Poems", with a total of 305 articles, and another 6 sheng poems. The book mainly collects works from the early Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period for more than 500 years, and profoundly reflects all aspects of social life during the Yin and Zhou dynasties, especially from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.

2. Four poems:

It refers to the four families of Lu, Qi, Han and Mao who passed on the Book of Songs in the Han Dynasty. "Lu Poem" was named after the Lu people Shen Pei. "Qi Poems" is from Qi Renyuangu, "Han Poems" is from Yanren Han Ying, and "Mao Poems" is named after its teacher Mao Gong.

The first three are modern literary scholars, and they all stood as scholars and doctors in the Western Han Dynasty. After the Wei and Jin dynasties, the three poems died one after another.

3. Six meanings: It is a statement about the classification of the Book of Songs, the "six meanings" are derived from the "Preface to Mao's Poems", and the "Mao Do Naiyu Poems Preface" is due to the "Six Poems" of the "Zhou Li", mentioning the saying that "poems have six meanings".

4, Feng Ya Song:

The Book of Songs includes songs that have been musical, and according to the different natures of the song, it is divided into three categories: wind, elegance and song.

Wind: refers to the ** tune, the national wind is the local folk music of different princely states and regions.

Ya: That is, Zheng, refers to the joy of Yazheng in the Kyoto area of the Zhou Dynasty.

Song: It is a song and dance music used to worship gods and ancestors.

5. Fu Bixing:

It refers to the three basic expressions of the Book of Songs.

Fu: It is to lay out the direct narrative, that is, the poet expresses the thoughts and feelings and related things in a straightforward manner.

Compare pure rolling: It is an analogy, comparing this thing with another thing, the poet has the ability or emotion, and uses a thing as a metaphor.

Xing: It is to touch things and words, and objective things trigger the poet's emotions.

Literary knowledge about the Book of Songs includes:

1. The Book of Songs, which is the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry, is the earliest collection of poems, which collects poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (11th century BC to the 6th century BC), a total of 311 poems, of which 6 are sheng poems, that is, there are only titles, no content, called six sheng poems ("Nan Qi Feng Debate", "White Finger Trembling Hua", "Hua Huang", "You Geng", "Chongqiu", "You Yi"), reflecting the social outlook of about 500 years from the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty to the late Zhou Dynasty.

2. The author of the "Book of Songs" is unknown, and most of them can no longer be verified, and it is said that it was collected by Yin Jifu and compiled by Confucius. The Book of Songs was called "Poems" in the pre-Qin period, or its whole number was called "Three Hundred Poems".

In the Western Han Dynasty, it was revered as a Confucian classic, originally called the "Book of Songs", and has been used to this day.

The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: "Wind", "Ya" and "Song". The technique is divided into "Fu", "Than" and "Xing". "Wind" is a ballad from all over the Zhou Dynasty; "Ya" is the positive sound of the Zhou people, and it is divided into "Xiao Ya" and "Da Ya"; "Song" is the music song of the Zhou royal court and the noble temple, and is divided into "Zhou Song", "Lu Song" and "Shang Song".

3. The Book of Songs is rich in content, reflecting labor and love, war and conscription, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and banquets, and even celestial phenomena, landforms, animals, plants and other aspects, which is a mirror of social life in the Zhou Dynasty.

The Book of Songs is a collection of ancient poems of the Zhongxian Kingdom and an important part of the history of Chinese literature. Here are some literary facts about the Book of Songs:

The content of the Book of Songs includes three parts: wind, elegance, and song. Wind is a folk poem, Ya is a court music and dance song, and Song is a sacrificial ritual song.

The language of the Book of Songs is simple and natural, expressing the life, emotions and thoughts of ancient people. Its poetry has a variety of expressions, including narrative, lyrical, yongwu, yongjing, argumentative and other types.

The Book of Songs is one of the important carriers of ancient Chinese culture, and its values, ideological concepts and aesthetic concepts have had a profound impact on the development and evolution of Chinese culture.

The Book of Songs had a profound impact on later literature, not only influencing the development of literary forms such as Tang poetry and Song poetry in ancient times, but also having an important impact on modern literature.

In general, the Book of Songs is an indispensable part of the history of Chinese literature, which is not only a precious heritage of ancient literature, but also an important window for us to understand ancient Chinese culture and thought.