How to measure the standard of living of ancient people?

In ancient times, there were thousands of years, and each dynasty had certain differences, and the living standards of different classes and different nationalities were also different. For example, in the pre-Qin era, the only way to cook food was boiled, and the condiments were only salt and plum, and distilled liquor in the modern sense only appeared in the Yuan Dynasty. The so-called king of Shang is extremely poor and luxurious, and the wine pool meat forest is nothing more than that when I think about it now.

Take military rations as an example, from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Sui and Tang dynasties, millet has always been the staple food of the army, and the addition of 1 bucket of rice in the Qin and Han dynasties was similar to that of millet, so eating rice was a luxury in that era. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the cultivation of wheat began to become common, but the ancients did not eat wheat as it does now, but like rice to make rice or porridge, because until the Southern Song Dynasty, the wheat grown was still "soft mud with little taste, sticky teeth and inedible." The meat of the ancient army was basically also jerky, although it was not delicious enough, but ordinary soldiers could only open meat before a decisive battle or after a great victory.

As for fresh vegetables, it was also a special food for the generals, and ordinary soldiers only had soybean paste made from soybeans, and they also had to set corresponding ration standards according to their status and position. Another example is the Warring States period in Japan, the samurai still used chazuke in the course of the battle, that is, the rice was boiled and cooled, and when eating, it was washed down with hot tea, and a little salt was added, and some umeboshi and seaweed were used as condiments, and the rich samurai could get a little fish. Of course, there are people who eat sushi, but the ingredients and taste are much worse than today's sushi.

Not to mention this kind of food from the perspective of modern people, even from the perspective of Chinese of the same period (farmers in the Taiping and prosperous period of the Ming Dynasty) will think that such food is very poor, but this is the mainstream food of Japanese Warring States samurai. The food of high-ranking generals or daimyo was not very good, at most rice with fresh vegetables and a little fish or chicken, which was the standard of food for any small landowner or small trader in China at that time, but it was considered a luxury standard in Japan.

The standard of living of ancient people was relatively low, and this is for sure. In ancient times, the common people were called vegetable eaters, and those who were officials were meat eaters. This title is already very revealing, right, the ancient people had a very low protein intake, and they were not tall.

Take the Song Dynasty as an example, the selection standard for the forbidden army in the Song Dynasty was to be more than one meter six in height, and the forbidden army can be said to be a very high standard, which shows the average height of the ancient people. These historical details are all signs and evidence of a measure of the standard of living in ancient times. Far from it, the Qing Dynasty, which is closest to us, Macartney's visit to China recorded that the Chinese people at that time lived in great hardship, and their carriages followed the hungry people all the way, in order to pick up the bones and carrion they threw from the carriages, and the ancient people were bound to the land, and could not stay away from their homeland for the rest of their lives, and had little knowledge.

Nor can they read and write (because of the different ancient languages, the people are almost illiterate.) So there is usually less mental entertainment. This is only the situation in the peaceful and prosperous times, not to mention the era of war and chaos.

As the old saying goes, it is better to be a dog to rule the world than to be a troubled person. Zhang Xianzhong, a madman, almost killed all the people in Sichuan, but this is not a joke.

This is not a good question, first of all, you have to determine what period of "antiquity" is? Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties? Pre-Qin? Xia Shang Zhou? Because China has a long history and a relatively large span, it is not easy to solve this problem.

In addition, the concept of lifestyle is too general. Eat, dress, entertain....Each period is also different. Only a few examples can be given: for example, the Chinese did not eat pasta at first, and wheat came from Central Asia.

For example, the main body of China is a famous farming family, so the status of farmers in ancient times was very high, unlike today.

For example, people in ancient times didn't speak like you see on TV, and most ordinary people didn't speak much differently than today's people except for their accents and dialects. It may be that people who are officials or people of the aristocratic class will chew words when they speak.

For example, before the Qing Dynasty, China's population did not exceed 100 million, and consider that tens of millions of people were scattered across the land of Shenzhou, when many people left their villages and entered the pristine forest ......

1.7 million years ago, the ancient Chinese were in the childhood of human growth, and they could only make stone tools and make simple wooden tools. Gathering, hunting, and fishing were their main means of obtaining food and clothing. People mostly live in natural caves or live in trees.

People first ate it raw, and only later did they invent artificial fire; People move according to the seasons and have no fixed residence.

Experts also found traces of the ancients' use of fire in the ruins of the Yuanmou people. It can be said that the process of the ancients from using fire to making fire artificially was the first great victory of human beings to conquer nature. At first, they were terrified when they saw the wildfires caused by thunder and lightning.

Later, the ancients realized that fire is not only a roaring man-eating monster, but also a usable "**", and the burned animal meat is much more delicious than raw food. Since then, ancient people have begun to use wildfires in nature to heat, cook, light and defend against wild beasts. When the ancients found that two stones could emit dazzling sparks when they hit each other violently in the cave at night, the ancients entered the era of artificial fire...... again

This is the life of the ancient Chinese people, although it is hard, but it is precisely because of their hard work that human beings step by step out of the primary stage of evolution and into a more advanced civilization.

It is also a ,... to rely on labor, fight against natural disasters, and explore and accumulate experience

Clothing: Wearing animal skins, ancient people in different places also had different clothing, for example, ancient people in the Arctic may wear fur such as polar bears, arctic solitary and penguins as clothing to keep warm! Food:

Ancient people ate everything, except poison or unpalatable. Most of them will cooperate in hunting, because there were some large predators or prey at that time, so they should have the largest number of people, and many people can not only protect themselves from the predators, but also capture prey efficiently! Live:

Ancient people usually walked towards objects like caves, or on some large trees. The benefits of going to a cave can give them a sense of security, shelter from the rain and warmth. The advantage of being on a tree is that you can avoid being attacked by predators, and you can quickly flee when you encounter danger!

Walking: Most walk on their feet, or sit down d docile animals, such as horses, cows, donkeys, and camels. Entertainment:

It's not too much, such as hunting, fighting, and horseback riding with friends. Hunting: Fight with the opponent to fight the most prey to win; Fight:

A game with friends, this is also a kind of exercise, because to get the opposite sex, there must be many people of the opposite sex who fight for it, and men will fight for the opposite sex until you die and die late; Horseback riding: Ride fast to the finish line to win!

Reference: me

The dull life of ancient people was: Clothing: animal skins Food: Hunting Housing: Cave Walking: Nomadism.

Reference: myself

Clothing: As soon as human beings open the waves, they do not know how to use tools3

Keep warm when it's cold, with dleaves.

When you know how to use tools, you will use animal skins to eat: and when you don't know how to use tools, you will be separated from three kinds of people.

Zoophagous. Vegetarian.

Same as omnivorous. The two heads are difficult to obtain because of the difficulty of obtaining food.

Don't use the development to get a brain and the left species.

The omnivorous system of recognition tools has changed from eating fruits and burying small animals (the latter is good eaters) to eating fruits and burying dsucculents d.

Zhong made 3 with its d skin mud

And because of the wildfires d animals both flesh scorched left.

Human food left and feel a few good food.

began to eat raw meat again and switched to cooked meat la dwelling: mountain or tree.

In short, it must be high and small.

Prevent d beasts from eating their land: go while there is food and entertain: and dance down the fruit d start playing with fire when there is fire (d people are really brave).

Reference: Watching TV learned.

Clothing: Wear a lot of cloth on the body, very conservative Food: The emperor or rich people will order a lot of dishes, but every time there is a lot left, the poor will eat some of the most worthless things, such as ordinary people will throw away a certain part of the beef, but those poor people want to live very much:

The emperor lives in the palace, the rich live in some big houses, and the poor live in some dilapidated houses Entertainment: dancing, playing football! (But the previous people were not called football) The emperor will watch other people perform, such as:

Dancing, etc. Reference: Me.

In ancient times, there were only two meals a day. During the Song Dynasty, many people had two meals a day; After the Song Dynasty, many people had three meals a day. In other words, not just three meals a day, but two meals a day.

It all started to change from the Song Dynasty. The changes in this world are still a bit long, not to mention, they have prescribed three meals a day or two meals a day.

The pants in ancient times were all open crotch pants. In the Western Han Dynasty, the kind of pants I wore almost didn't have a crotch, and they were all open crotch pants. In ancient times, the clothes were all tunics, roughly up to our feet, so that they could cover some intimate places, similar to our current short skirts.

In our ancient times, there was no such sofa as it is now, and people were sitting on the ground, meaning.

In ancient times, you didn't use paper when you went to the toilet. The ancients would use things like bamboo chips after the toilet, because in ancient times paper was particularly expensive, and in ancient times, paper was a particularly luxurious thing.

Jia, how to fix a typo. A lot of times people use a brush to scribble; Some people will draw a dot in front of a typo, and then misplace it and continue to write; Some people will regard orpiment as a correction liquid, and legend has it that this is how orpiment came about.

Live a smell of chickens and dance, sunset and rest. Self-sufficient, peach blossom-like living .......

After listening to the beautiful rural life in ancient times described by poets, many netizens will mistakenly think that the lives of ancient people were very leisurely, but in fact, they are not. Compared with modern times, the beautiful scenery in ancient times, the lack of industrial pollution, and the abundance of resources are indeed much better than modern times. However, with backward technology, they have a very hard time every day in order to survive.

Take going to work as an example, the modern "996" lifestyle has been complained about a lot, but the working hours in ancient times were much longer than now. According to historical records, during the Ming Dynasty, officials of the imperial court needed to start work at about five o'clock and worked until after five o'clock in the afternoon, during which they could give them very little time to rest. Not only that, but their holidays were pitiful, and the Tang Dynasty ** in their heyday were only able to take a day off for ten days.

In modern times, if you are late for work, you will only be deducted from your salary at most. The ancients were not so lucky, they were not only punished for being late for work, but also punished with a court rod. From the above ** people's work and rest, we can know that the work and rest of the low-level people must be more difficult than them.

Let's talk about the ancient life of husband and wife. Many boys want to travel back in time to ancient times so that they can marry three wives and four concubines, which is very wrong. Although the ancient marriage was based on the system of polyandry and multiple concubines, only wives belonged to real wives, and concubines were just one of the slaves, which showed that you had to have a certain economic strength to marry a concubine.

And ordinary people, even if they work all day and night, the money they earn is actually not much left except for the tax part, and those who can barely solve the problem of food and clothing have no economic conditions to take concubines.

Girls who like Valentine's Day should pay attention, the so-called Qixi Festival in ancient times is actually equivalent to the current "Singles' Day". In ancient times, Tanabata was a festival for unmarried women, and married women were not allowed to participate. On the day of the Chinese Valentine's Day, girls who have not left the cabinet can choose beautiful clothes and meet with three or five good sisters to chat and play together.

Life was actually very comfortable and very comfortable, but the lifestyle at that time was completely different from the current lifestyle. The scenery at that time was actually very beautiful. There is no industrial pollution, and the pollution is also very rich.

And everyone's ideas are very simple, and it is very easy to get along.

I get up at four or five in the morning, go out to farm, go home at 7 o'clock for breakfast, and then start the day's work, and in the evening I may sit together and chat, go down to the river to fish, increase my income from the side business, and by seven or eight o'clock in the evening I have turned off the lights and gone to bed.

When the sun is not yet out, you need to go up the mountain to collect firewood, feed the chickens and pigs, and when the sun comes out, go to the fields, and wait until dusk to go home to eat, women embroidery, and men do some carpentry work.