What are the differences between the categories of historical records and Hanshu in terms of biograp

Similar. But the historical records are the first creation, and the Hanshu is the imitation.

The official history of the ancient Zaomin Dynasty in China is divided into 24 histories, of which in addition to the historical records and Hanshu using the system of chronicles, the other 22 official histories mostly adopt the system of pure historical style. The pure historical system refers to the system of historical books that directly narrates historical events, and does not adopt the form of biographies of people included in the biography style. Specifically, the system of pure history includes the following characteristics:

1.Chronological or historical events are used as the outline, and the order of the branches or events and chapters is written from top to bottom and from front to back.

2.History books mainly focus on the occurrence and evolution of historical events, while there are relatively few descriptions and evaluations of characters.

3.The content of the official system and official name is mainly recorded, and the content of social history and cultural history is relatively small.

4.Writing in a more formal literary language is intended to accurately and objectively narrate historical events.

The historical books of the pure historical system are obviously different from the historical books of the chronicle style in terms of compilation and narration, but they also have quite high historical value. For example, the Zizhi Tongjian, the New Tang Dynasty Book, the Old Tang Dynasty Book, etc., these historical books are still widely used in the study of ancient Chinese history.

In addition to the chronological system adopted by the Records of the Historians and the Book of Han, the 22 official histories all adopted the chronicle system. The biography system is a system of ancient Chinese official history, which is based on the characters who were compiled to a certain historical period, and only serves as a background and foil for some major historical events. Among them, "Ji" is a chronological record of historical events, while "biography" is a biography of a narrating person.

On the basis of the chronicle system, in order to strengthen the practicability of the official history, later generations of Orange Hu historians also further developed many auxiliary historical books, such as geographical chronicles, official tabulations, chronologies, etc., to better reflect the relationship between history and reality, which has important reference value for the study of ancient Chinese history.

With the exception of the Records of the Historian and the Book of Han, the 22 official histories all adopted the official system. The official repair system refers to the system of writing and editing historical books under the auspices of the ** Rotten clan. Under the bureaucratic system, the compilation of history was organized by official institutions, and the chroniclers were elected mainly from among the bureaucrats and enjoyed special treatment.

The purpose of compiling history is to provide politicians with political and legal experience as a reference for governing the country. The compilation of official history books strictly controls the quality and authenticity of historical books, and those non-true historical events and scattered objects will be changed or deleted in the process of compilation, so as to ensure the authenticity and authority of history. Moreover, the content presented in the official history books follows a rigorous and standardized writing and organization system.

In addition to the "Historical Records" and "Hanshu" adopted"Chronicles"In addition, the remaining 22 canonical histories have been adopted"Twelve Books"system.

Twelve Books"That is, it refers to the entries written by year for a period of history, and the entries for each year are divided into three parts: the Chronicle, the Chronicle, and the Biography. Among them, this chronicle is a record of the emperor and his political achievements in the year, the chronicle is a record of the geography, astronomy, etiquette and other aspects of the year, and the biography is the first record of the deeds of important people in the year.

This system was formed in the Eastern Han Dynasty, developed and perfected, and was finally formalized and became one of the standard systems for writing Chinese history.

Hello, dear, the official history of ancient China refers to 20 historical documents, including the "Historical Records" and the "Book of Han". In addition to the "Records of the Historians" and the "Book of Han", there are 22 chronicles and chronicles, which are collectively known as miscellaneous histories.

The system of these 22 miscellaneous histories is generally based on the "chronicle" and "chronicle", which are different from each other. The details are as follows:

1.Chronicle: Usually in chronological order, historical facts and events are recorded by year, month and day, without obvious people and priorities, and attention is paid to the description of facts.

2.Chronicles: Focusing on the loss of the characters, it focuses on describing historical facts and the life deeds of the characters, including their character, talents, merits, etc.

These 22 miscellaneous histories are an important part of ancient Chinese historical documents, recording many meaningful events and figures, and have important historical research value.

In addition to the "Historical Records" and "Han Rolling Qi Chashu", the 22 wild histories of Da Eggplant all have the system of chronicles. The biography style refers to a method of discussion that connects the biographies of the characters of the Khan Qing and the chronicles of the background of the period, that is, the chronicle is the mainstay, supplemented by the biography, and the chronological order is the order, which comprehensively records the tense affairs and characters on the Khan Qing. Representative works of this type of system include "Spring and Autumn Left Biography", "Warring States Policy" and so on.

In the field history, the first to adopt the chronicle style was the "Historical Records", and the subsequent 22 field histories also followed this type of system.

1. The authors are different:

The author of the "Historical Records" is Sima Qian, and the author of the "Book of Han" is Ban Gu.

2. Different literary genres:

The "Records of the Historians" is a general history of the chronicles, and the "Book of Han" is the history of the dynasties.

3. The creation age is different:

The Records of the Historians was written in the Western Han Dynasty in 104 B.C., and the Book of Han was written in the Eastern Han Dynasty in 80 A.D.

4. The recorded historical time is different:

The Historical Records records the history of more than 3,000 years from the era of the legendary Yellow Emperor in ancient times to the first four years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

The Book of Han records a total of 230 years of history from the first year of Han Gaozu (206 BC) in the Western Han Dynasty to the fourth year of Emperor Mangdi (23 AD) of the New Dynasty.

5. Different creative backgrounds:

Historical Records: During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the royal road was abolished, and the Qin Dynasty destroyed ancient cultural classics, so that the precious books and classics in the Ming Hall and the Stone Room were scattered and disordered. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Xiao He revised the law, Han Xin affirmed the military law, Zhang Cang established the statute, Shusun Tong determined the etiquette, and the literary scholars with excellent character and learning gradually entered the use, and the destroyed ancient books such as "Poems" and "Books" were constantly searched and donated by people who love literature in various places.

Book of Han: Since the "Historical Records" was only written in the early years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, many people wrote a sequel for it at that time. According to the records of "Stone Justice", there are more than ten people who have written the sequel to "Historical Records" to change the gods, including Liu Xiang, Liu Xin, Feng Shang, Yang Xiong, etc., and the title of the book is still called "Historical Records".

Ban Gu's father, Ban Biao (3 A.D., 54 A.D.), was very dissatisfied with these sequels, so he "picked up his old things and ran through strange news" for the "Historical Records" and "wrote sixty-five articles of the "Later Biography" to verify the loss. After Ban Biao's death, Ban Gu, who was only 22 years old, began to sort out his father's posthumous manuscripts, determined to inherit his father's business and complete this succession masterpiece.