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It is suitable for the peaceful and prosperous era, because such an idea also requires the ruler to be benevolent, and the ruler in the troubled era has no ability to be benevolent at all, because this will lose the dominant position, so the way of Confucius and Mencius is most suitable for the peaceful and prosperous era.
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The way of Confucius and Mencius is actually more suitable for that kind of peaceful and prosperous era, when the people live and work in peace and contentment, it is suitable to use the way of Confucius and Mencius to govern the country, not suitable for war years.
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The way of Confucius and Mencius is suitable for peaceful times, and there is no war. The country is stable, and the ruler needs the way of Confucius and Mencius to rule ideologically and maintain stability. Only when the people have enough food and clothing, live and work in peace and contentment, will they pursue moral improvement and ideological progress.
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The reason why Confucius's thought is so popular in China is that it has far-reaching influence, covers a wide range of areas, and plays an important role.
On the one hand, Confucius's thought regards "propriety" as the core of moral norms, with "benevolence" as the core, emphasizing "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faith", which provides a code of conduct for foreign exchanges, social relations and interpersonal relations for the hidden Chinese people, which helps to form the spiritual foundation of traditional Chinese culture.
On the other hand, Confucius's thought emphasizes "governing a great country and acting bravely in the face of righteousness", emphasizing "harmony" rather than "fighting", as well as the idea of political monarchism, which provides important guidance for China's political, financial, military, and diplomatic governance.
In short, Confucius's ideas are popular in China because of their far-reaching influence, wide coverage, and important role.
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1. Mencius's doctrine of "benevolence" is the inheritance and development of Confucius's thought of "benevolence". Confucius's "benevolence" is a kind of ethical and moral concept with a wide range of meanings, and its most basic spirit is "loving others". Mencius started from Confucius's idea of "benevolence" and expanded it into a program of governance that includes ideology, politics, economy, culture and other aspects, that is, "benevolent government".
The basic spirit of "benevolent government" is also to have deep sympathy and love for the people.
2. Mencius's "benevolent government" advocated "people-oriented" in politics and advocated the unification of the world with "benevolent government". Economically, he advocated that "the people have permanent property", and the theoretical basis of Mencius's theory of "benevolent government" was the "theory of sexual goodness".
3. Mencius's thought had a far-reaching influence, and his "people-oriented thought" became the theoretical basis for later reformers and revolutionaries.
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The main ideas of Confucius were not valued by the rulers at the time for the following reasons:
1. Confucius's idea of governing the country cannot rapidly increase the wealth of the state, nor can it increase the military power of the state.
Second, Confucius's advocacy of restoring the Zhou rites is also undesirable to all countries, if they all go back to the past, the hegemony of the candidate countries is a joke.
3. Confucius's idea of educating the people with "virtue" and governing the country with "courtesy" is not valued by the rulers, and it is very absurd to let the high-ranking nobles give "courtesy" to the low-class commoners.
Fourth, Confucius was also a failure at that time, with no successful local experience, relying on theory alone, and without the ability to distinguish between Su Qin and Zhang Yi. As a result, his lobbying lacks obvious persuasiveness. Comparatively speaking, the advantages of Qin's Legalist philosophy are more obvious.
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Mencius and Confucius have completely consistent ideas on the rule of lawIt is mainly manifested in the law of the first king, the ancient and modern dao law thinking, the first to teach back and then the punishment of the people's love of the people, the simultaneous development of etiquette and law, the idea of enlightening the way and the people, for the law to virtue, the law of virtue, the development of pragmatic chaos, fair law enforcement, the law enforcement of the world, the rule of law of leniency, the invincible benevolence, the people-oriented rule of law, and the protection of the environment.
Mencius's doctrine of "benevolent government" is the inheritance and development of Confucius's core idea of "benevolence". Confucius's "benevolence" is a kind of ethical and moral concept with a wide range of meanings, and its most basic spirit is "loving others". Mencius started from Confucius's idea of "benevolence" and expanded and developed it into a program of governance that includes ideological, political, economic, cultural and other aspects, which is "benevolent government", and the basic spirit of "benevolent government" is also to have deep sympathy and love for the people.
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Mencius put forward the following views on the development of Confucius's thought:
1. The Theory of Human Nature.
Sex is similar, Xi is far away", this is Confucius's exposition of human nature. "Confucius's 'sexuality' and 'Xi' here are two opposing categories, which are his understanding of the universality of human nature, and human nature, that is, the 'commonality' that human beings have, refers to what is inherent in human beings, that is, the so-called "sexuality". In other words, 'the natural attributes of the sexual person; 'Xi' is the acquired specific behavior practice, which is also the so-called social attribute of people.
He believes that the natural attributes of human beings are 'similar', that is, 'basically the same', and that the social attributes of human beings are 'distant', that is, 'very different'.
Mencius put forward the "Theory of Sexual Goodness" on the basis of Confucius's theory of human nature: "He followed the direction of Confucius's 'similarity of nature', inherited Confucius's relevant arguments on 'benevolence', and on the basis of acknowledging that human beings have roughly the same natural attributes, he further demonstrated that 'goodness' is also one of the basic attributes of human beings". In Mencius's view, the heart of compassion, the heart of shame, the heart of resignation, and the heart of right and wrong are all possessed by everyone, which is the essential attribute of human beings. Mencius put forward the "Theory of Sexual Goodness" on the basis of Confucius's theory of human nature: "He followed the direction of Confucius's 'similarity of nature', inherited Confucius's relevant arguments on 'benevolence', and on the basis of acknowledging that human beings have roughly the same natural attributes, he further demonstrated that 'goodness' is also one of the basic attributes of human beings".
In Mencius's view, the heart of compassion, the heart of shame, the heart of resignation, and the heart of right and wrong are all possessed by everyone, which is the essential attribute of human beings.
Second, the "people-oriented" thinking.
Confucius and Mencius both had the idea of valuing the people, Confucius was the advocate and defender of Zhou etiquette, and he accepted the idea of "respecting heaven and protecting the people" since the Western Zhou Dynasty. "The country of a thousand times, respect and believe, use sparingly and love people, so that the people can be timely." This is Confucius's admonition to the rulers, "Because of the interests of the people, it is beneficial to benefit and not to bother?"
All these reflect Confucius's idea of valuing the people.
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Confucius thought contains that the people are precious, the monarch is light, and the society is secondary, who can let the people press on their heads in ancient times? What's more, Confucius was born in the turbulent times of the Spring and Autumn Period, when the princes were separating and competing for hegemony, and the more popular among the rulers were the soldiers, legalists and other schools that could compete for power and hegemony. Confucius and Confucianism are only the way to govern the country, not in line with the trend. Hope to adopt.
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