How to grow citrus trees How to grow citrus trees

Xinhui mandarin, also known as Xinhui Guangchen mandarin orange or tangerine peel mandarin, is a famous native product of Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, and a Chinese geographical indication product. Xinhui mandarin, with both skin and flesh, medicine and food homology, is an excellent variety selected by Guangchen citrus farmers in the long history of species value from the large red mandarin of the genus Rutaceae. Its quality is unique, popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and listed"Tribute", paying tribute every year.

a) Strains and seedlings.

1. Strains: large oil body strains and fine oil body strains of tea branch orange;

2. Rootstock: red lemon, Jiangxi red orange, soft branch sour orange;

3. Seedling propagation: grafting technology is used to breed seedlings.

2) Site conditions.

Paddy fields or slopes with a depth of more than one meter and can be irrigated with water from the Tanjiang River; The soil types were fertile paddy soil and red soil. soil organic matter content ; The pH value of the soil should be between to, and the thickness of the active soil layer should be more than 60cm.

3) Cultivation management.

2. Planting density: the number of plants planted per hectare shall not exceed 1200.

3. Garden construction: The crop before the new garden cannot be citrus.

Paddy field planting requires deep ditch high furrow, high pier planting, independent garden area of no more than 3 hectares, independent drainage and irrigation system, each furrow is equipped with a width to a meter of small ditch, large and small ditch communication, irrigation and drainage; Slope planting requires low furrow and low pier planting.

4. Soil management: improve the soil with organic fertilizer and guest soil. Every year, in summer and autumn, after the shoots are ripe, before the new shoots germinate or after fruit picking, cultivate 1 to 2 times, and apply lime 1 to 2 times a year.

5. Fertilization: Organic matter fertilizer is applied in the first month, May and September of the lunar calendar every year, and the amount of pure chicken feces per hectare is not less than 1200 kg; Plants that produce 100kg of fruit are applied with pure nitrogen every year. Ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 1: (to: (to.

6. Shaping pruning: adopt the natural happy tree type. Keep the orchard ventilated and light-transmitting, with a leaf-to-fruit ratio of no less than 60:1.

4) Fruit harvesting: harvesting in batches, ripening batches, harvesting batches.

It is necessary to use the water and soil of Xinhui.

This depends on the environment.

The best time to plant citrus is in spring and autumn, and planting at this time will allow citrus to grow better. In fact, there are certain differences in the maturity period in various places, and it basically matures in the middle of September and early October of the lunar calendarIn addition, citrus fruit trees are mycorrhizal plants, and in general, no root hair mycorrhizae and citrus trees symbiotic. The absorption of nutrients from the tree can also help the tree absorb water, and it can also secrete hormones, which can promote the life activities of the citrus tree.

The flowers of citrus are mixed flowers, and after germination, there will be a series of organs such as branches, leaves, and flowers, and the growth and development of citrus fruit trees, flowering and fruiting are closely related to environmental conditions. And the biggest impact of these conditions is the temperature, and even the only air temperature will have different results. Citrus grows and develops at a temperature that is generally at a wide range, and citrus adapts to the soil in a very wide range, and each soil can make it grow better.

Top dressing, however, if the soil is loose and well structured, will make the citrus grow better and will also allow the citrus trees to achieve better results. At the same time, when planting citrus trees, it is necessary to use basal fertilizer and foliar fertilizer as the standard for fertilization. And it should be based on organic fertilizer.

Depending on the actual situation, some micro-fertilizers can be added at the same time, and autumn fertilizer is the most important before the citrus growing season. <>

The fruiting rate is also important at the same time as the topdressing, because the topdressing is carried out during the growth of the citrus tree, which is to replenish the fertilizer lost due to the lack of basal fertilizer, and the fertilizer is the main one. It can also allow the fruit trees to absorb the corresponding fertility more quickly, so as to achieve the best effect of the fruit trees to supplement the lack of fertilizer. In the process of citrus growth, it is necessary not to simply use foliar fertilizer, but to cooperate with a reasonable combination of base fertilizer.

Moreover, choosing a good planting method can make citrus grow better, and it can also make citrus more lush and bear fruit at the same time.

It is best to use mid-October to early November. At this time, the internal tissues of autumn shoots are mature, and the dry matter accumulation in the seedlings is sufficient. Due to the gradual decrease in temperature after planting, the aboveground part generally does not germinate that year, but the soil temperature decreases quite slowly, and it is very suitable for the underground growth of seedlings at this time.

Therefore, new roots can grow 5-7 days after planting. According to spot checks, the new roots are about 8 cm to 12 cm long after 15 days, and the second new root can be meried after 20 days, and the new root can be about 30 cm long in the current year. In winter, when the fruit trees are relatively dormant, the seedlings have basically established their roots.

In this way, it lays a solid foundation for the vigorous growth of the second year, and the normal extraction of each new shoot increases the growth by about 30%-40% compared with spring planting.

Even in March, just because the temperature at this time is more suitable, and this time can also ensure the cultivation of citrus seedlings, and can also increase the yield.

Generally, it is okay to plant in spring or autumn, because the temperature is different in different places, so the planting requirements are not so high.

Citrus seedlings can be grafted when planting, choose a lot with fertile soil and good drainage to plant citrus trees, dig a deep pit when planting, fill it with compound fertilizer and topsoil, and water it after the land. In the process of growth, the branches and leaves should be pruned in time, the branches and leaves that are weak and weak and the local dense branches and leaves should be cut off, and the soil should be turned over often to increase the air permeability of the soil, and fertilization should be carried out according to different growth stages. Next, let's take a look at the planting technology and management of citrus.

1. Planting technology.

1.Grafting seedlings.

You can use the single bud ventral grafting method, paste the scion on the rootstock, wrap it with plastic film, and cut the anvil twice after the grafted seedlings survive, and then cut the anvil twice when the spring germination and hair extraction.

2.Planting in the garden.

To grow citrus, choose a site with fertile soil and good drainage, as well as easy irrigation. Properly carry out land preparation, dig out a tree pit with a length and width of about meters and a depth of about meters when planting, fill it with base fertilizer such as compound fertilizer, mix topsoil, and water thoroughly after putting in seedlings.

2. Management technology.

1.Soil management.

The soil in which citrus is grown should be breathable and deep, so that the citrus roots can grow better. Citrus planting in low-lying plots should be avoided and the plots should be turned down regularly to remove weeds and increase soil permeability and drainage, preventing soil compaction. In the process of deep ploughing, organic fertilizer can also be applied to improve the soil, which plays a good role in promoting the growth of citrus.

2.Pruning and leaf pruning.

For young trees, pruning is sufficient, and dry and pest-infested branches should be cut off. Usually in spring and autumn, it is necessary to prune weak branches, dense overlapping branches, which helps to improve the light transmittance of the whole plant. Proper topping in summer to save nutrients for trees.

3.Water and fertilizer management.

Frequent turning of the soil can increase the permeability of the soil, and removing weeds can save nutrients. Before budding in spring, you can apply human manure, cake fertilizer, pig manure, etc. In July, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are mainly applied, and post-harvest fertilizers are applied in October-November, usually citrus trees can be fertilized 3-4 times a year, and microbial fertilizers are appropriately used to decompose the substances in the soil.

Proper watering after each fertilization application can promote nutrient absorption. Fertilizer can be microbial fertilizer, which can decompose toxic substances in the soil.

4.Pest and disease control.

During the planting process, the orchard should be controlled with pests and diseases, canker, anthracnose, red spiders, etc. are common pests and diseases. Pesticides can be used for full-crown spraying to spray pests and diseases; Physical methods such as the use of violet lights and sticky insect boards can be used for trapping insect infestations. Prune the diseased branches of fruit trees, and clear the garden in winter to prevent disease overwintering and protect the growth of citrus in the coming year.

1. The first thing is to choose the soil, because citrus trees are very adaptable to the soil, so citrus trees can basically be planted in major regions of China, as long as the soil is fertile and has good drainage, citrus trees can be planted.

2. Choose the right land, and then go to the seed store to buy some citrus tree seedlings to start planting, the planting process is very simple, first turn the land well, apply a base fertilizer to start planting seedlings, and then backfill the soil to water a layer of water, this is the planting process of citrus trees, very simple.

3. The following is about the management process of citrus trees, the management of young trees, many growers will find that the newly planted young trees do not take root and do not sprout, the main Bi instructed that the nutrients for the young trees are not enough, at this time it is necessary to supplement the nutrients to the orchard of the citrus saplings, the most basic supplementary nutrients is fertilization, in the growth period of the new shoots of citrus trees is mainly based on compound fertilizer, when spraying fertilizer, Zheng Yu should be sprayed evenly, not sprayed more here and less sprayed there, it is possible to cause the young trees not to take root and not sprout.

4. There are some things that need to be paid attention to when the young trees are just planted, first of all, when planting seedlings, the soil should be kept moist, at this time there is no need to fertilize immediately, and it is best to fertilize the seedlings when they take root and germinate, at this time it is recommended to use some high-quality water-soluble fertilizer, and this period is also a very critical period, it is the basis for the healthy growth of citrus trees, so the fertilizer must be sufficient. Next, when the new shoots grow to about 3 cm, some pesticides should be sprayed to control pests and diseases.

5. There are many kinds of pests and diseases of citrus trees, and you can consult the pharmacy that sells pesticides or the fruit farmers who have planted citrus trees around. As for the reason why the young trees do not germinate and do not take root mentioned above, in addition to insufficient fertilizer, it may also be that the root system is damaged in the process of transportation, or the root system is burned out by excessive fertilization, or it may be dry and dead, or it is watered more, and the root system is waterlogged and shouted Huiyan, if these problems are more serious, it is necessary to replant new seedlings in time.