What are the specific contents of the Sino US Treaty of Wangxia and the Sino French Treaty of Whampo

The Treaty of Wangxia is also known as the Sino-US Five-Port Trade Charter

The English "treaty of peace, amity, and commerce, between the united states of America and the Chinese empire" was an unequal treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and the United States in Mong-Ha Village in Macao on July 3, 1844 (Daoguang 24th year).

It's also clear**.

The first unequal treaty with the United States.

Main content:

The Sino-US Treaty of Mong-Ha consists of 34 paragraphs, with customs tariffs. The main content is that the United States enjoys the same rights as Britain in trade and diplomacy. In other words, the special rights and interests obtained by Britain through the Opium War, except for land cession and indemnity, were obtained by the United States, and in many ways they endangered China even more

1.Agreement tariffs. The treaty stated: "If China wishes to change its tariff rate in the future, it must cooperate with the United States."

Consuls and other officials agreed". This was the Treaty of Nanjing

The further expansion of the scope of the "agreed tariffs" has seriously damaged China's economy.

2.Expansion of consular jurisdiction.

Range. The treaty stipulates that in the event of litigation between Chinese nationals and U.S. nationals, the U.S. nationals shall be arrested and tried by U.S. consuls and other **, and handled in accordance with U.S. laws and practices; In the event of a dispute between a US national and a national of another country in China, "the two countries should listen to the two countries and handle it in accordance with the treaties established by each country," and China has no right to intervene.

As a result, the Qing Dynasty's judicial power to arrest, interrogate, convict, and punish American nationals was completely lost.

3.Violation of China's territorial waters.

Right. U.S. warships were allowed to "inspect" Chinese ports at will, and Qing Dynasty ports were to be received "friendly." The Qing Dynasty had no control over the American merchant ships anchored in China.

4.It provides for a clause that can be "amended" after 12 years. In addition, the treaty similarly provides for one-sided most-favoured-nation treatment.

If China gives some kind of preferential treatment to other countries in the future, the United States should be equally involved.

Treaty of Whampoa（treaty of whampoa）It is an unequal treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and France in Huangpu, Guangzhou, on October 24, 1844 (the 24th year of Daoguang), and it is also the first unequal treaty of French aggression against China.

Main content:

The Sino-French Treaty of Whampoa consists of 36 paragraphs, with the "Customs Tariff Rules" attached. The main contents are:

1. The French can use the five treaty ports.

Permanent residence, freedom**, establishment of consuls, mooring of military vessels, etc. For the French family property, goods, China**.

Responsible for protection, Chinese are not allowed to bully and violate.

2. If China changes its customs tariff rules in the future, it should "discuss and agree with France before it can change it at its discretion."

3. France enjoys consular jurisdiction, and in the event of litigation between French and Chinese or other foreigners, China ** is not allowed to intervene.

4. One-sided most-favored-nation treatment.

5. The French can build churches and cemeteries in five homes, and they have the obligation to protect the church.

On July 3, 1844 (May 18, 24th year of Qing Daoguang), the American envoy Gu.

Sheng used intimidation and blackmail to coerce the Qing Liangjiang Governor Qi Ying in Wangxia near Macao.

The village signed Article 34 of the Treaty of Wangxia, with the Customs Tariff Rules.

The United States received all of the indemnities paid by Britain in the Treaty of Nanking and its annexes, except for the land cession.

In addition to the privileges, new privileges were obtained: (l) Expanded consular jurisdiction: U.S. with any.

All lawsuits filed by foreigners in China "shall be handled in accordance with the treaties established by each country."

The state is not allowed to intervene". (2) depriving China of tariff autonomy: "If China.

If you wish to change the tax laws in the future, you must wait with the consul of the United States to approve it." (3) U.S. warships.

They can freely enter China's territorial waters and patrol China's ports at will**, China**.

(4) The United States may lease land in China's treaty ports to build and set up buildings.

Hospitals, churches.

The Treaty of Wangxia was the first treaty in modern Chinese history that the United States forced the Qing Dynasty to sign.

Equal Treaties. Introduction to the event.

The Treaty of Whampoa, the first unequal treaty signed between France and China. That is, the "Sino-French Five Mouth ** Charter". After the Opium War, France took advantage of the difficult situation of China's defeat and sent a special envoy to lead eight ships with eight ships after Britain and the United States, and arrived in Macao on August 13, 1844 (June 30, 24th year of Daoguang) to negotiate with Qi Ying, the governor of Liangguang in the Qing Dynasty.

On October 24, the two sides signed a contract on the French ship Ajimert, which was anchored in Huangpu, Guangzhou, with a total of 36 paragraphs, with the "Customs Tariff Rules". France not only easily obtained all kinds of important rights that Britain and the United States had already obtained, such as the five-port trade agreement, customs agreements, consular jurisdiction, and one-sided most-favored-nation treatment, but also seized some new privileges. For example, when the French rent a house or rent land to build a house on their own, "the number of rooms and the lot are wide, and there is no need to negotiate a limit".

The treaty gave the French the right to build chapels and cemeteries in Wukou, and stipulated that China should bear the obligation to protect them. After the treaty was signed, the envoy forced the Qing to lift the ban on Catholicism. On December 28 (November 19), the Catholic ban was lifted.

On February 8 of the following year (the second day of the first month of the twenty-fifth year), Emperor Daoguang officially promulgated the relaxation ban.

The Treaty of Mong-Ha was signed on July 3, 1844 (Daoguang 24), and the Treaty of Whampoa was signed on October 24, 1844 (Daoguang 24).

The Treaty of Mong-Ha was an unequal treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and the United States on July 3, 1844 (the 24th year of Daoguang) in the village of Mong-Ha in Macau.

It's also clear**.

The first unequal treaty with the United States.

The Treaty of Whampoa, also known as the Sino-French Statute of the Five Mouths: Customs Tariff Rules, was an unequal treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and France in Huangpu, Guangzhou, on October 24, 1844 (the 24th year of Daoguang), and was also an unequal treaty between France and China.

Background of the Treaty of Wangxia and the Treaty of Whampoa:

Britain launched the Opium War of aggression against China, forced the Qing Dynasty to sign an unequal treaty, and attacked the country for Western capitalists.

The invasion of China opened the door, and from then on, invaders from various countries followed. The first is the United States, which was in cahoots with Britain during the war and came to blackmail as soon as the war ended. As for France, it has long had aggressive ambitions against China.

Therefore, in 1844, the United States and France successively forced China to sign unequal treaties, which were the Sino-US "Wangxia Treaty" and the Sino-French "Whampoa Treaty".

Treaty of Whampoa

The Treaty of Whampoa gave France all the privileges that the United States had acquired in the Treaty of Wangha, and at the same time stipulated that French Catholics were allowed to preach freely in treaty ports and build cemeteries, and that the Qing Dynasty was responsible for protecting churches and cemeteries. Through the Sino-French Treaty of Whampoa, France obtained the privileges of the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing, the Treaty of Humen, except for land cession and indemnity, as well as all the privileges stipulated in the Sino-US Treaty of Wangxia, which had a disastrous impact on China. This treaty also laid the first cornerstone for foreign invaders to use their missionary rights to carry out open aggression against China.

The Treaty of Whampoa, like the Treaty of Wangxia, further undermined China's autonomy in the administration of justice, tariffs, and territorial waters.

The Treaty of Nanjing, which was China's first unequal treaty, ceded Hong Kong from Britain, was the first treaty in which China gave up its territory, and was a disgrace to the Chinese nation. Because of this treaty, the European powers opened the door to China.