What aspects of proteomics are related to computers?

The term proteome is derived from the hybridization of the words protein and genome, which means "the complete set of proteins expressed by a genome", that is, all the proteins expressed by a cell or even an organism. Proteome essentially refers to the study of protein characteristics at a large-scale level, including protein expression levels, post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, etc., so as to obtain a holistic and comprehensive understanding of disease occurrence, cellular metabolism and other processes at the protein level.

What is the study of proteomics.

1.Protein identification: Protein identification can be carried out by using one-dimensional electrophoresis and two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with western and other technologies, using protein chips, antibody chips and co-immunoprecipitation technologies.

2.Post-translational modifications: Many proteins produced by mRNA expression undergo post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, zymogen activation, etc.

Post-translational modifications are an important way for proteins to regulate their functions, so the study of protein post-translational modifications plays an important role in elucidating the function of proteins.

3.Protein function determination: bioanalysis of cytokines such as analysis of enzyme activity and determination of enzyme substrates, ligand-receptor binding assays.

Gene knockout and antisense techniques can be used to analyze the function of gene expression products-proteins. In addition, the study of the localization of proteins in cells after expression is also helpful to understand the function of proteins to a certain extent. Clontech's fluorescent protein expression system is a great tool for studying protein localization within cells.

4.For human beings, the research of proteomics ultimately serves human health, mainly to promote the development of molecular medicine. Such as looking for the target molecule of the drug.

Many drugs are proteins themselves, and the target molecules of many drugs are also proteins. Drugs can also intervene in protein-protein interactions.

Now that I'm studying protein function and regulatory networks, I need bioinformatics knowledge, and many animals have known sequences, and we can use computers to find their evolutionary relationships and infer similar functions of proteins, and protein regulation involves using gene chips to obtain protein relationships, and we need to use the corresponding gene chip data and software simulations to get the final network relationships. After the conclusion, it is necessary to use the relevant software evaluation and analysis.

In addition, it also includes the three-dimensional structure of proteins, the functional modification and modification of proteins, all of which have corresponding software to simulate, in short, bioinformatics penetrates into all aspects of the frontier biological field, as long as you can think of it, you can use bioinformatics to solve.

Nucleic acid sequencing is a variety of combinations of ATGC, but there are more than 20 commonly used amino acids involved in proteomics, which is much more complex, and proteins also have various post-translational modifications, higher-order structures, and so on. Moreover, proteins are not as stable as nucleic acids and are easily degraded, making it more difficult to obtain reproducible results in research.

Proteomics focuses on the dynamic description of gene regulation, the quantitative determination of protein levels of gene expression, the identification of the effects of diseases and drugs on life processes, and the interpretation of mechanisms of gene expression regulation. As a science, proteomics research does not start from scratch, it is an extension of protein (peptide) profiling and gene product profiling technology that has been around for more than 20 years. Peptide mapping relies on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and further image analysis. Gene product profiling relies on a variety of post-separation analysis, such as mass spectrometry technology, amino acid component analysis, etc.

Due to variable clips and the presence of RNA, many genes can express many different proteins. As a result, the complexity of the proteome is much higher than that of the genome.

If the entire genome sequence of a species has been deciphered, it does not mean that the proteome of that species has also been deciphered. The specific analysis of the protein product of a gene should be determined by combining the modification and regulation of genome level, transcription level and translation level.