Reviews of historical records, comments of celebrities on historical records

I. Establishing an Outstanding Genre of General History The Records of the Historian is the first masterpiece of general history in the history of Chinese historiography that connects the ancient and the modern and covers hundreds of generations. It is precisely because the "Records of the Historians" was able to compile a book from the past and the present, setting a precedent and setting an example, that those who imitated this genre and revised history began one after another. The family style of general history has always influenced the research and writing of modern historiography.

II. Establishing an Independent Status of Historiography In ancient China, historiography was included in the scope of classics and did not have its own independent status. Therefore, the book of history is attached to the back of "Spring and Autumn" in Liu Xin's "Seven Strategies" and Ban Gu's "Art and Literature Chronicles". Since Sima Qian completed the "Historical Records", the author has continued to write more and more works on history.

Therefore, Xun Miao of the Jin Dynasty adapted to the new requirements, and divided the classics of the past dynasties into four parts: Part A records the Six Arts Primary School, Part B records the military skills of the sons, Part C records the history of the Emperor, and Part D records the poems and gives Tuzan. As a result, the discipline of history has achieved an independent status in the field of Chinese academics.

Drinking water and thinking about the source, this merit should be attributed to Sima Qian and his "Historical Records". 3. Establishing a Historical and Biography Literary Tradition Sima Qian's literary accomplishment was profound, and his artistic methods were particularly sophisticated. Often, some extremely complicated facts, he has taken measures very appropriately, in an orderly manner, and then has a long line of sight, high knowledge, vivid words, refined pen power, full of feelings, handwritten, all the words are vertical and horizontal, the image is bright, so that people "exclaim and hit the knot, do not know why it is".

Rong Zhai Essays: The Conciseness of the Historical Records) However, it must be pointed out that due to the restrictions of Sima Qian's times, there are also some shortcomings and deficiencies in the "Historical Records". For example, there is the influence of the mystical ideas of the "Mandate of Heaven", the catastrophe, and the historical cycle. In the Preface to the Chronology of the Six Kingdoms, when discussing the reasons for Qin's annexation of the world, it is pointed out that this is the result of "heaven's help".

In the Book of Heavenly Officials, when describing various special natural phenomena, they are often associated with human affairs, and more of a mysterious idea of calamity is expressed. These shows that the "Records of the Historians" still did not completely get rid of the influence of the theological idea of "heaven and man induction" when it was "studying heaven and man".

Han Yu: "The people of the Han Dynasty can't be literate, and Du Sima Xiangru, Taishi Gong, Liu Xiang, and Yang Xiongzhi are the most. He believes that the style of Sima Qian's works is "majestic, profound, elegant, and healthy"."Historical Records" became a sample of Han Yu's composition.

Jin Shengsi, an outstanding critic in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, regarded the "Historical Records" as one of the "Six Talented Books", and commented on more than 90 prefaces to the "Historical Records". He praised Sima Qian many times in his comments on "Water Margin" and "The Legend of the West Chamber", and expressed a lot of insightful opinions. He said:

Forbearance is the heart of Shi Gong's life. ”

Qian Qianyi at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, he said in the "Collection of Things": "Sima founded the "Historical Records" with the talent of the world, the knowledge of the Kuang Dynasty, and the high view for thousands of years”

Scholar Liang Qichao believes: "The ancestor of the historical world, the end pushes Sima Qian", "the creator of the Taishi Gongcheng historical world".

Illustrate the importance of the "Historical Records" and its value.

The original name of "Historical Records" was "Taishi Gongshu", and it was called "Historical Records" at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty"Historical Records" is the foundation work of China's biographical historiography, and it is also the beginning of China's biographical literature

History. "The swan song of the family" refers to its historical achievements. Sima Qian consulted the past and the present to create a new style of writing history books. Since this case came out, the history books of the past dynasties, especially the 25th History, could not be out of their scope. Twelve books, thirty families, seven.

Ten columns, ten tables and eight books, all the rise and fall of chaos, rules and regulations, are divided into categories and analyzed. The general history, the chronicle, the general canon, the general examination, and the end of the chronicle, most of them originate from here. The "Historical Records" is indeed a collection of pre-Qin and early Han Dynasty masterpieces.

's private writings. The weight is large, the volume is large, the content is rich, the structure is strict, and the system is prepared, all of which can be described as unprecedented. Ban Gu said that "Historical Records" "is straightforward, its core matter, not false beauty, not hidden good, so it is called a true record." "Record".

Spirit, and can be called the last.

"Lisao" without rhyme" refers to its literary achievements. Sima Qian's history is by no means limited to the collection, collation, and verification of documents, nor is it objectively observed from the outside with an indifferent attitude.

History, he understands the struggles and successes and failures of his characters with deep pain, so his pen is often full of grief and indignation. Especially for the people in the stove cloth cloth lane, the hermit in the cave, and the talented and suppressed, there is no appeal, and it is even more affectionate.

Deep, empathetic. Sima Qian dared to write facts in the narrative, so that he "showed a tyrant", which was already similar to Qu Yuan; Its "wanton heart for the text" is also consistent with "Lisao". The difference is that "Lisao" is a straight expression.

Hypothetically, "Historical Records" is placed on the characters in the pen. The kind of grief and indignation that "Historical Records of Hunger and Annihilation" is close to "Lisao", not necessarily because it is learned, I am afraid that it is mainly because Sima Qian's indignation is consistent with Qu Yuan, and it can even be said that because Sima Qian was born.