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At that time, the world pattern was still in chaos, and what was needed for development was a peaceful environment, both external and internal, which China did not have at that time, so China at that time could not go through the capitalist road or the socialist road, and after World War II, the world pattern was stabilized, and China could take the socialist road relatively smoothly.
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1. Ideology and culture.
Since ancient times, China has regarded Confucianism as the "state religion" and pursued loyalty, benevolence, courtesy, righteousness, and faith, so it cannot accept the capitalist values of "money first, capital first".
2. Class basis.
The economic base determines the superstructure, and the compromise in Chinese national capitalism determines that it is impossible for them to lead the victory of the new democratic revolution in China, and naturally it is impossible to establish a bourgeois regime.
3. National conditions.
China's lower-class working people have been oppressed in feudal society for thousands of years, and now they finally have the opportunity to turn over, but they want to change the bourgeoisie to continue to oppress, of course they do not do it, and China's thousand-year-old practice of "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business" has made the peasant masses fundamentally look down on the bourgeoisie from businessmen, but those who win the hearts of the people are in the world, on the contrary, the bourgeoisie is not favored by the people, and naturally cannot establish its own political power.
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Because of reality, there is no solution to this problem!
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Why can't China take the capitalist road? Answer: In old China, the national bourgeoisie never occupied a dominant position politically, and its basic political proposition was to establish a bourgeois republic worthy of the name in order to enable capitalism to develop freely and fully and to make China an independent capitalist society.
The reason why China could not take the capitalist road was also determined by the conditions of the times and the state of class relations in the country at that time. There are bourgeois republics in foreign countries, but China cannot have them, because China is a country oppressed by imperialism. If China becomes an independent, prosperous, and powerful capitalist country, it will have to establish and develop relations with the developed countries of the West on an equal footing, and this is something they cannot tolerate; they do not want to lose China's colonial interests, still less do they want to see China become their competitor in the international market, they do not have great political weight, they dare not carry out revolutionary armed struggle, and they cannot control the armed forces.
The program of the national bourgeoisie, divorced from China's reality, did not win the support of the broad masses of the Chinese people, and even the majority of those who proposed it eventually admitted that it was unworkable. So China cannot take the capitalist road.
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Landlord class: Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan, open their eyes to see the world, and Humen sells cigarettes.
Westernization - Westernization Movement, the reform of the landlord class is to protect the feudal rule, which is inconsistent with the trend of history.
The peasant class: the Sanyuanli Anti-British, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, and the Boxer Rebellion failed as a result, revealing that the peasant class had deep limitations and could not achieve the goal of saving the country.
The bourgeoisie: the reformers – the Wuxu reform, failed, and the road of bourgeois reform did not work in China.
The revolutionaries - the Hail Revolution failed, and the bourgeois revolutionaries had two sides and could not lead the revolution in the country.
Proletariat: During the New Democratic Revolution (1919-1949), it experienced the May Fourth Movement, the Agrarian Revolutionary Movement, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation, and success.
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China's modernization drive cannot follow the old path of the West, because there are fundamental and profound cultural differences between China and Western countries, and they do not have the same or similar historical origins.
Regardless of the practical exploration of China's development path in the past century, from a purely philosophical point of view, it is possible for things to operate along the same or similar trajectory only if they have a similar internal essence and an objective environment, or have a certain historical and cultural origin.
It is impossible for things that are fundamentally different and have no historical and cultural roots to follow the same path.
Needless to say, China cannot and is not suitable for following the path of Western capitalist development precisely because there are fundamental and profound cultural differences between China and Western countries, and they do not have the same or similar historical origins.
Fundamental differences between China and Western countries:
China emphasizes the supremacy of the country and centralization and unity, so it has great cohesion and high efficiency, can concentrate the strength of the whole party and the whole country to do great things, and can unite as one to resist foreign enemies. Europe and the United States emphasize the supremacy of civil rights and the individual, and attach importance to personal interests, but their forces are scattered and their decision-making efficiency is low. These differences correspond to different road choices and institutional choices.
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Answer] Although the :d national bourgeoisie is revolutionary in its preparations, it is also weak and compromised, which determines that it cannot carry out a thorough anti-feudal revolution, and this is the most fundamental reason why the capitalist road cannot be taken in China.
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Capitalism is an economic system in which capital belongs to individuals and is based on private ownership. Private ownership is the most important content of capitalism, and it cannot be called capitalism without private ownership.
One of the main features that distinguishes capitalism from feudalism is the change in the form of the proletariat's dependence on the bourgeoisie, the degree of dependence is weakened, and the proletariat does not own the means of production at all. The fundamental feature of capitalism is that a small number of exploiting classes control the distribution of society by controlling the means of production, allowing wealth to flow into the hands of the bourgeoisie.
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History has taught us, at the cost of blood, that in China, the capitalist road will not work. On the one hand, feudalism was reluctant to take the capitalist road. The history of China's feudal society lasted for two to three thousand years, and the most complete and stubborn feudal production relations in China were formed.
Although the development of the commodity economy in China's feudal society had already given birth to the germ of capitalism, the feudal forces did not allow China to develop capitalism in order to consolidate its feudal dominance and safeguard its political and economic interests. In modern China, feudal forces also colluded with imperialism to oppress the development of Chinese capitalism. On the other hand, the imperialist forces did not allow China to follow the capitalist road.
Their aim is to occupy China's market, plunder China's resources, turn China into their semi-colony and colony, and exclude and oppress China's national capitalism with their powerful economic power. They will never allow China to develop into an independent, prosperous, and powerful capitalist country. The Chinese bourgeoisie does not possess the conditions for establishing a capitalist system, because of its economic and political weakness, and because it has not completely severed its economic ties with imperialism and feudalism, it does not have the courage to thoroughly oppose imperialism and feudalism, still less the ability to overthrow feudal rule, overthrow imperialism, and strive for national independence.
Therefore, relying on the strength of the Chinese bourgeoisie, China will not be able to become an independent capitalist country in the end.
At the beginning of the last century, China tried to walk the capitalist road, and Sun Yat-sen was the representative of the national bourgeoisie, but at that time, China had "three mountains," which overwhelmed the national bourgeoisie, and it was impossible to become a backbone force at all. Therefore, Chinese capitalism could not go through because there was no suitable soil and environment for the growth and growth of national capitalism at that time, and it was impossible to complete the bourgeois revolution alone
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