At present, China is in the midst of economic transformation, how is it going to transform?

From an export-oriented export-oriented economy to an economy with internal circulation and sustainable development based on domestic demand.

For the country, the emphasis is on urban layout, public management, judicial development, etc., economic behavior is more dependent on enterprises to achieve, for the common people to meet the country's demand for the ability of professionals under the new model, and then there is the concept of consumption to reduce the pressure of the simple demand for rough wage increases.

the transformation from export-oriented to domestic demand-oriented; the transformation from investment-led to consumption-led; the transition from a medium- to high-carbon economy to a low-carbon economy; The transformation of the growth mode from **-led to market-led; the transition from unbalanced development to relatively balanced development.

From the perspective of sustainable development of environment and resources, the current domestic economic structure is centered on heavy pollution, inefficient mining and low-end manufacturing. The environmental pollution caused by such industries is staggering, and in the long run, the cost of restoring the environment is much higher than the profitability of companies, and it is not an exaggeration to say that the benefits outweigh the losses. In addition, mineral resources are not renewable, and the so-called digging a little less, the mining industry will inevitably face the problem of resource depletion.

As a result, the current Chinese economic model is not sustainable.

From the perspective of human resources, the low-end manufacturing industry has the characteristics of low added value, low technology content and low efficiency, and correspondingly, the jobs it provides have the characteristics of low income, low technical skill requirements and high workload. Long-term engagement in such low-paying, repetitive and heavy work can have a detrimental effect on the physical and mental health and personal quality of employees. The allocation of human resources depends on the demand of the human market, and the economy dominated by low-end manufacturing industry will inevitably lead to the overall low national literacy, and the low national literacy will inevitably be detrimental to scientific and technological innovation, and is not conducive to the benign development of the economy, and a vicious circle will inevitably be formed between human resources and economic development.

From the perspective of the competitiveness of the economy, the low-end manufacturing industry does not have the core technology, and its products are very easy to be imitated, since China can be manufactured, then India and other emerging economies in the third world can also be manufactured, and because of its lower labor costs, its products are cheaper and more competitive.

From the perspective of the development prospects of enterprises, the added value of low-end manufacturing products is very low, and the profits of enterprises largely depend on squeezing labor costs.

From the perspective of economic independence: since the 90s of the last century, the developed countries in Europe and the United States disliked the "dirty, tired, less money" low-end manufacturing industry gradually transferred to the country, and gradually became the "world factory", the current domestic low-end manufacturing capacity is much greater than the domestic consumption requirements, excess capacity is mainly consumed through exports, the domestic economy dominated by low-end manufacturing is heavily dependent on foreign markets, the pricing power of export products is firmly grasped in the hands of Europe and the United States, and the profits of export enterprises are seriously squeezed by Europe and the United States, frequently"Anti-dumping" influences China's economic and financial strategy and weakens China's international discourse.

It is human nature to seek stability in good times and survive in bad times. The financial crisis that began in 2008 caused a sharp decline in the consumption capacity of Europe and the United States, resulting in a serious setback in China's exports, and the domestic low-end manufacturing industry is generally facing the problem of survival, which is both an economic crisis and an opportunity for economic transformation.

This can be said in several ways.

Enterprise structure For example, in our country, some low-end manufacturing industries are currently transformed into other high-value-added enterprises.

For example, one of the most famous examples is that we can buy Barbie dolls for a few dollars, but in the U.S. market, we buy a few dozen dollars, and the main thing is that the U.S. controls the technology, and we just produce labor, which is called low-end manufacturing.

Let me give you an example, for example, the textile industry, during the Industrial Revolution, the United Kingdom, the United States and other industrial countries developed rapidly, and then when they lost their advantage, they moved to Japan, and then to South Korea, Taiwan, etc., and this year, they moved to our country, and our country's textile industry is currently at the low end, think about the United States, Japan, and so on, and so on, and they transformed into service industries or high-end manufacturing, which can generate a lot of added value.

Transformation of factors of production We used to be labor-intensive, and we need to transition to capital-intensive.

For example, Foxconn's production of mobile phones can be manual or machine, and if it transforms to use capital to buy equipment and reduce the use of personnel, it is a labor-intensive to capital-intensive transfer.

Transition to a market economy.

A lot of investment in our country is still the leading investment, such as the city-building movement, which generates a lot of debt, but this is a blind investment for the sake of political performance or image engineering, which is inefficient, leading to the irrational use of resources, like four trillion investments, building a lot of roads and bridges, but using fewer people, if these funds are given to entrepreneurs, let entrepreneurs, private enterprises to take care of it, it will produce more production capacity and provide more jobs, that is, this is through the market to achieve a balance between demand and supply, that is, the so-called market economy.

There is also transformation, including the transformation of talents, for example, many of our current employees are not of sufficient quality, there are no suitable people for high-end positions, and there is a surplus of low-end talents.

And of course, there are other aspects, such as the transformation of the financial industry, from making money by sitting on interest rate differentials to making money on services, and there are many other aspects, and when you think about it, the macroeconomy is very complex, and it will be impossible to say ...... for a while

economic and political systems. Politics serves the economy, and if it is good, it will promote economic development, otherwise it will hinder economic development. Economics, in turn, can influence politics.

The military and diplomatic line, economic restructuring, political system innovation, spiritual civilization development, social relations coordination, and so on, in short, all belong to the transition period.

China's economic "transformation" has two meanings: First, the transformation of the economic system, that is, from the traditional planned economic system to the market economic system; The second is the transformation of development, that is, the original extensive and inefficient growth mode is transformed into an intensive and efficient growth mode. In the process of this transformation, macroeconomic operations will face a variety of complex problems, so monetary policy is required to play a decisive role in regulation.

1) There must be a stable macroeconomic environment for economic transformation, especially in curbing the expansion of the economy and appropriately suppressing the unemployment rate, and there are many difficult problems that need to be solved urgently. Since the implementation of the contractionary monetary policy in 1993, China's inflation rate has dropped by a large margin, but the problem that has followed is the unemployment or layoff of a large number of workers in state-owned enterprises. Regardless of people's views, there is no doubt about the impact of monetary policy on economic growth in the macroeconomic control system.

2) The fact that China now has nearly $140 billion in foreign exchange reserves, and with Hong Kong's foreign exchange reserves, it has reached more than $200 billion, and has risen to second place in the world. The ever-increasing foreign exchange reserves and current-account surpluses actually require that monetary policy should play a greater role in regulating macroeconomic operations.

3) The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to use the joint-stock system to comprehensively transform the property rights structure of state-owned enterprises, which will inevitably create a good historical opportunity for the development of China's leading market. From the perspective of the development practice of various countries in the world, direct financing and indirect financing are symbiotic and co-prosperous, complementary and mutually reinforcing, and in the process of accelerating the cultivation of the first market, the first bank has always had a proper use of monetary policy to support the bond market. If the monetary policy.

If the policy can be coordinated and coordinated with the background of the accelerated development of the market, then the central government's goal of reconstructing the micro foundation of macroeconomic regulation and control can be successfully realized.

I am not optimistic about any economic transformation at all, in the current society, there are too many people, the per capita area is only so little, and farming cannot support themselves. The so-called transformation is to compress and save energy, and I haven't figured out what else can be done. It is impossible for the population to drop all at once, isn't it a balcony to grow vegetables in the city now, why grow vegetables on the balcony?

The world is so big, but it is only clear that you can live your life in a small place. I think Australia is good, there are fewer people, more land, and agriculture is developed. Zhongjifan Yuanguo will not have any improvement in the future for many years.

China will not be the same as their country in how it turns... Our country is dominated by public ownership. Private ownership coexists.

We should do a complete makeover

Economic transformation refers to the transition from one state of operation of the economy to another. Chinese"Structural transformation of the economy"It refers to the process of transforming the planned economic system into a market economic system. The process of China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy can be roughly divided into four stages, namely, economic liberalization, marketization, privatization, and internationalization.

First, in the process of economic liberalization, China has undergone a gradual reform process from rural to urban. In this process, the rural reform with the household responsibility system as the core enabled the peasants to obtain the right to use land, and the reform centered on the liberalization of the right of independent management of state-owned enterprises enabled the state-owned enterprises to initially get rid of the shackles of the planned economic system, and at the same time, the non-state-owned economy developed rapidly. Second, the reform of economic marketization has pushed state-owned enterprises into the market and competed with enterprises under other forms of ownership. Third, the reform of economic privatization emphasizes the importance of property rights, allows a greater degree of economic freedom in the economy, and the competition of various ownership systems, making the non-state-owned economy an important force in China's economy; Fourth, the reform of economic internationalization will enable China's economy to face the challenges of the new world economy while accelerating industrialization, urbanization, and marketization, gradually transition to international economic integration, and participate more actively in world economic integration.

In the past, China's economy developed greatly, and today it has become the second largest economy after the United States. At the same time, it is necessary to realize that the mode of development is an extensive mode of economic growth.

Its basic characteristic is to expand the scale of production and achieve economic growth by relying on increasing the input of production factors. In this way, economic growth is achieved, consumption is higher, costs are higher, product quality is difficult to improve, and economic benefits are low. At the expense of the environment, overcapacity in some industries has been formed.

It is necessary to transform into an intensive mode of economic growth and sustainable development.

Its basic characteristic is that it relies on improving the quality and efficiency of the factors of production to achieve economic growth. In this way, economic growth is achieved, consumption is lower, costs are lower, product quality can be continuously improved, and economic benefits are higher. Now it emphasizes supply-side reform, adjusts the product structure, and transforms from low-to-mid-range products to medium-to-high-end products.

In fact, to put it in vain, what does our country have? Resource! What resources?

mines, land, people, etc., and our current economic type relies on the consumption of resources to cause overcapacity in many aspects; What is the overcapacity? Rail (high-speed rail), real estate (one of the two big lies of the current market), labor (difficult to find employment), etc., when it comes to transformation, it is to slowly balance excess capacity, and change the economic type that relied on the consumption of resources to become a green and ecological, high-tech, and sustainable economic type!

Economic transformation refers to the planned economy to market economy, and China's transformation will take a long time, one of the main reasons is that China's resources are state-owned, how to distribute when turning to a market economy, the current social contradictions have been completely exposed in the process of economic transformation, if not effectively alleviated and released, then the problems caused will be catastrophic.

At present, China has entered a new stage of economic transformation, and the innovation of social system and the establishment of social order have become the main problems in China's economic transformation. In terms of the market economic system, the socialist market economic system has been basically established. Market-oriented stakeholders and market-oriented behaviors are becoming more and more mature, and the limitations and drawbacks of the market system itself are as follows:

Market failures, market absences, market inhibitions, and irrational behavior of market-oriented entities have all begun to appear.

China's economic transformation will not be completed in a short period of time, and whether it will succeed will probably not be known until after 2020, but it will not be around 2008.

The birth of strong ideas, the support of the cultural industry, and the glory of the real economy.