Why apprenticeships can become a national competitiveness

Traditional apprenticeship, sometimes referred to as "apprenticeship" or "manual apprenticeship", refers to the transfer of knowledge or skills under the guidance of a master or apprentice in a handicraft workshop or shop before the advent of modern schooling. This activity is a highly situational learning method, in which the apprentice observes the master's practice in a real workplace, perceives and captures the master's knowledge and skills, and then implements it under the guidance of the master, gradually learning the master's skills.

Modern apprenticeship is an educational model jointly promoted by enterprises and schools, and its education objects include both students and employees. For them, schooling is employment, partly working in enterprises and partly studying in school.

As a result, both students and employees can receive their salaries from the company. However, as a new model, enterprises and schools need to formulate corresponding personnel policies to support the promotion.

Modern Apprenticeship Working Principles:

Adhere to the best overall planning and coordinated advancement. It is necessary to give full play to the role of overall planning and coordination, and systematically plan the pilot work of modern apprenticeship according to the needs of local economic and social development.

Take the cultivation of morality and the promotion of the all-round development of people as the fundamental task of the pilot work, make overall use of the resources of the industry, enterprises, schools, scientific research institutions, etc., coordinate the relationship between education, human resources and social security, finance, development and reform and other relevant departments, form a joint force, and jointly study and solve the difficulties and problems encountered in the pilot work.

Adhere to win-win cooperation and shared responsibilities. It is necessary to adhere to the dual main education of schools and enterprises, the teaching of school teachers and enterprise masters, and clarify the dual identities of apprentices and vocational college students;

Sign two contracts between students and enterprises, schools and enterprises, form a long-term mechanism for joint enrollment, joint training and integrated education between schools and enterprises, effectively improve the comprehensive quality of production and service front-line workers and the pertinence of talent training, and solve the problem of recruitment difficulties in cooperative enterprises.

Adhere to local conditions and categorical guidance. According to the characteristics of industries and enterprises in different regions and the requirements of personnel training, it is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions in terms of enrollment and recruitment, study and work, teaching and practice, acquisition of academic certificates and vocational qualification certificates, and resource construction and sharing, and actively explore practical forms of realization and form characteristics.

Adhere to system design and focus on breakthroughs. It is necessary to clarify the objectives and priorities of the pilot work, and systematically design personnel training programs, teaching management, examination evaluation, student education management, enrollment and recruitment, as well as teacher allocation, safeguard measures, and other work.

With the purpose of service development and the promotion of employment as the guide, we will deepen the reform of the system and mechanism, give full play to the role of the market and the market, and strive to make breakthroughs in key links and key areas.

The training starts from the apprentice, and the good quality of the staff is the best in the perfect staff training system. One of the peculiarities of German business management is its unique apprenticeship system. Most 16-year-olds must undertake a three-year apprenticeship in their chosen trade.

Four days a week stay in the factory, and on the fifth day, they return to the vocational school for theoretical training. German law does not force apprenticeships in factories, but so far 450,000 factories have implemented this system, and unions have made it mandatory in some 450 industries that apprenticeships are required to be hired as permanent employees. The popularization of apprenticeships not only reduces juvenile crime and unemployment, but most importantly cultivates the work ethic of a new generation of employees, equips young people with professional skills, and makes technology rooted in the grassroots workforce.

To cultivate the competitive consciousness of employees and promote the export of products, it is necessary to improve the competitiveness of products, so enterprises attach great importance to cultivating the competitive consciousness of employees in training.

For example, compared with many enterprises in the West, Siemens' employee education has its own unique feature, that is, it not only provides technical and business education to employees, but also implements business and management education for them. The company's credo is: "If our workers and employees have only production and business knowledge, but lack the necessary business knowledge, all their activities will be merely mechanical, and will not sprout creativity, let alone strive to improve the competitiveness of the enterprise."

To this end, the company has always put the cultivation of employees' conscious sense of competition in an important position in the training work. In the training activities for employees, the employees are often asked such questions: How do you think we can improve the competitive position of the company's products?

Siemens' product sales team, many business personnel are selected from the grassroots workers, the company also plans to let more operators engaged in commodity sales, so that the company's employees consciously establish a sense of commodity competition.

The modern apprenticeship system is a joint training between the enterprise and the school, and the student has to sign a contract with the company and the school. Part of the time I studied at school and part of my time I worked in a company. Employees of the company and students of the school.

That is, theory and practice at the same time. Enrolling in a modern apprenticeship requires a contract between the school, the company and you. You will not be admitted without a contract.

The modern apprenticeship system is conducive to promoting the industry and enterprises to participate in the whole process of vocational education talent training, realizing the docking of professional settings and industrial needs, the docking of curriculum content and vocational standards, the docking of teaching process and production process, the docking of graduation certificates and vocational qualification certificates, and the docking of vocational education and lifelong learning, so as to improve the quality and pertinence of talent training.

The purpose of the modern apprenticeship system is to build an army of knowledge-based, skilled, and innovative workers, and to promote the spirit of model workers and craftsmen. Improving the vocational education and training system, deepening the integration of industry and education, and school-enterprise cooperation - this is the focus of China's vocational education reform in recent years, and it is also the core content of the modern apprenticeship system.

1. The benefits of modern apprenticeship: promote excellent industrial culture into education, corporate culture into the campus, and professional culture into the classroom, and integrate advanced concepts such as ecological environmental protection, green energy saving, and circular economy into the education process, which is more conducive to promoting the organic integration of vocational skills and professionalism, and is conducive to cultivating the craftsman spirit of excellence, pursuit of excellence, long-term contribution, exploration and innovation, and laying a solid foundation for creating more "great country craftsmen".

2. Disadvantages of modern apprenticeship: the responsibility and division of labor of school-enterprise collaborative education in some pilot colleges and universities are not clear enough, and the cost-sharing mechanism of talent training needs to be improved; The overall talent training program is relatively broad. Some pilot enterprises failed to protect the dual status of apprentices, as well as the rights and interests of apprentices such as the right to know, insurance, and work allowances, and the safeguard measures were not implemented enough.

Meaning. Apprenticeship has long been used as an important way to improve the skills of employees in developed countries, and it has also been practiced and explored for a long time in China. In the 50s of the 20th century, our country had the concept and practice of "two education systems and two labor systems".

After years of practice and exploration, the modern apprenticeship system has formed a relatively complete system in developed countries abroad, and it is running well. After the international financial crisis in 2008, the United States and other countries found that the apprenticeship system has a significant effect on improving youth employability and enterprise productivity, and began to adjust and improve the traditional apprenticeship system.

The advantage of modern apprenticeship is that there are many skills passed on by word of mouth, after all, you can't rely on books, you can only rely on words and deeds to learn, which is more conducive to the inheritance of skills, but it will also have an impact on the scope of inheritance, and it can't be spread on a large scale.

It varies by unit. Copy.

Modern apprenticeship.

The system is through the school bai

In-depth cooperation between enterprises, teachers and masters

Joint teaching, a modern talent training model with skill training as the main principle for students. Different from the talent training model of ordinary junior college classes and previous order classes and title classes, the modern apprenticeship system pays more attention to the inheritance of skills, and the school and enterprise jointly lead the talent training, and set up standardized enterprise curriculum standards and assessment programs, which reflects the deep integration of school-enterprise cooperation.

The German dual system of education has changed according to the national conditions.

The modern apprenticeship system is a project proposed by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in 2014 to deepen the integration of industry and education, school-enterprise cooperation, further improve the school-enterprise cooperation education mechanism, and innovate the training model of technical and skilled talents.

The modern apprenticeship system is the whole process of schools and enterprises participating in the training of prospective employees. It not only has the mantle of modern vocational education, but also the shadow of traditional masters and apprentices, the core of which is the integration of enrollment and recruitment, and the integration of schools and enterprises.

Modern apprenticeships include both academic and non-academic education. All localities should combine their own realities, starting from non-academic education or academic education, explore the law of modern apprenticeship talent training, and gradually expand after accumulating experience. Encourage pilot colleges and universities to adopt the modern apprenticeship system and cooperate with cooperative enterprises to carry out pre-job training and transfer training for enterprise employees.

Extraction code: FYNM 2017 Second Semester Modern Apprenticeship Talent Training Pilot Materials (E-commerce Major)|Taipu (Shanghai) E-commerce Co., LtdQuzhou Lingcui e-commerce****|Envision with the culture **** customer service work data (May 10, 2017).xlsx|Construction plan of Quzhou technical secondary school e-commerce professional modern apprenticeship pilot project.

docx|Lingcui training plan and content: Lingcui e-commerce) school-enterprise opening ceremony|Quzhou Secondary School Lingcui E-commerce Training Course Schedule (First Week).xls|Quzhou Lingcui e-commerce****|pptx|Quzhou Lingcui E-commerce Company Apprentice List (38 people-2017-5-3).

xlsx|Quzhou hidden touch Lingcui electronic cover Xiang business company recommended list. xlsx|Lingcui e-commerce final admission list (2017-5-10).xlsx|The results of the typing test are as of May 10.

png|Optional|April 15, 2017 (Saturday)