Three Inventions That Changed China, What Did China Invent?

Nuclear missiles, papermaking, the invention of the word Chinese nation.

Gunpowder, printing, compass.

The four major Chinese inventions were papermaking, the compass, gunpowder, and printing.

1. The compass is a simple instrument used to determine the direction. Formerly known as Sinan. The main component is a magnetic needle mounted on a shaft that can be rotated freely.

The magnetic needle can remain in the tangent direction of the magnetic meridian under the action of the geomagnetic field. The north pole of the magnetic needle points to the north pole of geography, and the direction can be discerned using this performance.

2. In ancient China, the working people of China and above drew silk and weaved silk from the above cocoons, and the remaining evil cocoons and sick cocoons were made of silk cotton by bleaching method. After the bleaching is completed, there will be some residues left on the mat. When the number of bleaching is more, the residue on the mat will accumulate into a layer of fiber flakes, which can be peeled off after drying, and can be used for writing.

3. A kind of black stool or brown explosive, which is mechanically mixed with potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulfur, is initially made into powder, and later is generally made into granules of different sizes, which can be used for different purposes, and has been used as the only military propellant before the use of smokeless gunpowder.

4. The earliest engraving print found is a single-page version of the Dharani Sutra written in Indian Sanskrit, which was printed on linen paper, published between 650 and 670, and unearthed in 1974 in a Tang Dynasty mausoleum near Xi'an.

1. Kites and gliders: Kites were invented in the 4th century BC, initially with the eagle as a reference object, and later went through several centuries of improvements. Around 500 AD, hang gliders came into use.

2. Paper money: It began to be used in 600-900 AD, 500 years earlier than in Europe.

3. Geokinetic instrument: invented in the early 2nd century A.D., used for detection.

4. Iron and steel smelting: Iron smelting appeared in the early 5th century BC, while steel appeared around 380 AD.

5. Alcoholic beverages: 9,000-year-old pottery unearthed in China confirms that alcohol existed at that time. By the 13th century, wine was already one of their largest financial revenues.

6. Gunpowder: It can be traced back to around 800 A.D., which was originally used to transmit military signals, and was later improved by the Mongol army to make artillery. (Qin Emperor Han Wu Note Bu Que Shooting: In fact, artillery has appeared in the Song Dynasty).

7. Movable type printing: Bi Sheng invented reusable printing and changed the production process of books.

8. Toilet paper: It began to be used by Chinese aristocrats in the 6th century, 1300 years before the rest of the world.

9. Rudders: China began to use them in the 1st century BC, while Europe did not appear until 1180.

10. Compass (compass): Invented around the 4th century AD, it was originally used to measure feng shui and was made of natural magnets.

1. Achievements in the astronomical calendar: The ancient Chinese calendar adopts the lunisolar calendar, that is, the sun's movement cycle is used as the year, the moon's cycle is used as the month, and the leap month is used to coordinate the relationship between the year and the month. According to the changes in the position of the sun in a year and the resulting evolution of the surface climate, the ancients divided the year into 24 segments and listed them in 12 months to reflect the four seasons, temperature, phenology, etc.

The Xia Dynasty calendar was the earliest cavity calendar in China, and the months were determined according to the direction of the handle of the Big Dipper. Xia Xiaozheng, preserved in the "Da Dai Li Ji", is an important document about the "Xia calendar" that exists, and is the earliest astronomical calendar work in China.

2. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China, which was invented in the Western Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty and improved in the Eastern Han Dynasty of the Han Dynasty. Papermaking, especially the papermaking technique improved by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty (also known as "Caihou paper"), is a revolution in writing materials, which is easy to carry and widely used, and promotes the cultural development of China, Arabia, Europe and even the whole world.

3. The compass is the result of the long-term practice of the ancient Chinese working people on the magnetism of magnets. As one of the four great inventions of ancient China, its invention has played an immeasurable role in the development of human science and technology and civilization. In ancient China, the compass was first used for rituals, ceremonies, military affairs, divination and feng shui to determine directions.

4. Gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of China. It is a substance that can burn rapidly and regularly under the action of appropriate external energy, and at the same time generate a large amount of high-temperature gas.

In the military, it is mainly used as the propellant of guns and shells, the propellant of rockets, missiles and other driving devices, and is an important part of ammunition. An outstanding achievement in the history of human civilization. Gunpowder is one of the important inventions of human civilization because of its lethality and deterrent power, which has brought mankind the effect of eliminating pre-war envy and security defense.

5. Printing is one of the four great inventions of the working people in ancient China. Block printing was invented in the Tang Dynasty and was widely used in the middle and late Tang Dynasty. The introduction of printing technology to Europe accelerated the process of European social development, and it provided the conditions for the emergence of the Renaissance.

Marx called the invention of printing, gunpowder, and the compass "a necessary prerequisite for the development of the bourgeoisie." The printing technology invented by the Chinese provided the necessary prerequisites for the establishment of modern society.