What is the point of view of the salt and iron theory? What is the full text and translation of The

Theory of Salt and IronAt the heart of the argument is:Sang Hong sheepThe debate between state-run monopoly and free economy advocated by the first one is very useful for today's China.

The Salt and Iron Treatise records the debates at that time. The author leans towards the virtuous literary side and opposes the salt and iron official camp, but also objectively records the views of both sides. Its content involves:Emperor Wu of the Han DynastyThe political, economic, cultural, legal, military and other aspects of the period exposed the serious economic problems caused by the rulers' extreme poverty and extravagance, as well as the harsh punishment and cruel politics associated with them.

This book is of great value for the study of the social situation in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty.

This little angel, your words of praise are not long-winded, but they poke into my heart, simple and clear, presumably your life must be simple and beautiful, life without any troubles, learn from you.

Theory of Salt and IronFull text and translation:

1. Food and clothing are the foundation of the people.

From Hanwuwan Huan Kuan's "Salt and Iron Theory: Cultivation of Force". Clothing and food are the foundation of people's lives, and they should not be treated carelessly.

2. If you are prepared, you will be controlled, and if you are unprepared, you will be controlled.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Theory: Dangerous Solid". If you are prepared, you can clamp down on others; If you are not prepared, you will be pinned down by others.

3. Cheap is not harmful to wisdom, and poor may not be good.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Treatise: The Land is Wide". A person of low birth is not necessarily without wisdom; People from poor families are not necessarily without character.

4. Don't be poor and apostasy, not cheap.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Treatise: The Land is Wide". Do not change your temperament because of poverty and poverty, and do not give up your ambitions because of low status. In any case, one should maintain noble sentiments and firm aspirations, especially in the face of adversity.

Because this noble sentiment will not only not make you small, but will make you greater.

5. The ice and charcoal are different, and the sun and the moon are not clear.

From Han Huan Kuan's "Salt and Iron Treatise: Thorn Fu". Ice and charcoal cannot be placed in the same container at the same time, nor can the moon and the sun shine at the same time. This sentence shows that the gentleman and the villain cannot coexist.

6. The finch does not know the height of the heaven and the earth, and the frog of the well does not know the size of the river and the sea.

From Han Huan Kuan's "Salt and Iron Theory: Retro". Rock Sparrow.

I don't know how high the sky is.

The frog in the waste well will not know the vastness of the river and the sea. This phrase describes the short-sightedness of a narrow-minded person.

7. The jade dust is full of shavings, not for the treasure; Poetry and books are negative, not for the sake of Taoism.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Theory: Thorns". A chest full of broken jade would not be a treasure; After reading a few boxes of books, it can't be called mastery.

8. Therefore, there is no quality inside and learning its text outside, although there are good teachers and good friends, if you paint fat and ice, it will take time to lose your work.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Treatise: The Special Road". Engraving: engraving. If you don't have the inner work, but only learn the surface, even if you have a good teacher and friends, it is still like painting on grease and carving on ice, just a waste of time and effort.

9. Those who build a city should first thicken its foundation and seek its height; Cattle herders should first enrich their karma and then seek their support.

From Han Huankuan's "Salt and Iron Treatise: Unpassed". Those who build the walls must first thicken the foundations of the walls, and then raise the walls. Those who are good at supporting the people must first consolidate the people's industry before they can make them rich.

In order for the people to be prosperous, they must first have stable jobs. The state should rationally allocate land resources so that peasants have land to cultivate; It is also necessary to rectify social order, stabilize market order, and communicate with the best channels so that businessmen can buy and sell. Only by doing a good job in these basic tasks can the people gradually become prosperous.

"On Salt and Iron" has a total of more than 60,000 words.

During the sixth year of Emperor Zhao of the Western Han Dynasty (81 years ago), the "Salt and Iron Conference" was held, with virtuous literature as one side and the imperial envoy Sang Hongyang as the other side, to debate Huan Kuan on issues such as salt and iron monopoly, wine monopoly and Pinghuai both losses According to the meeting at that time, and the introduction of Zhu Zibo, a Confucian scholar who participated in the meeting, it was sorted out and adapted and compiled into "Salt and Iron Treatise".

Chapters 1 to 41 describe the course of the formal debate and the main points of view of both sides. Chapters 42 to 59 describe the main points of contention between the two sides on the Xiongnu's diplomatic strategy, legal system, and other issues after the meeting. The last article is the preface, "Treatise on Salt and Iron" is an important historical material for the study of the economic and political history of the Western Han Dynasty.

The discussion of "Salt and Iron" proceeds from reality, and it is quite critical to the disadvantages of the times; The language is concise and fluent, simple and substantial. In addition, the Treatise on Salt and Iron is written in a dialogue style, and the various articles are interconnected, which is rare in ancient prose works.

Huan Kuan, the author of "Treatise on Salt and Iron", is biased towards Confucianism and cannot maintain an objective position. Huan Kuan has an obviously biased stance on the "virtuous literature" in the minutes of this meeting, and the book repeatedly describes the embarrassment of the government **, or silently wrong, or arrogant, or ashamed, and there are many derogatory words.

The significance of "Treatise on Salt and Iron":

1. This is a comprehensive reflection of the Western Han Dynasty's economic and political culture, the strategy of the frontier and Tuntian, foreign policy, ideology, people's livelihood needs and other scenes-style discussions, debates, and is a deep-seated meeting record that determines the direction of the empire's economy. It is not only of great historical significance, but also of great practical significance.

2. This is a test of the state system of the Han Dynasty. Invite more than 60 virtuous literature from all over the country to solicit opinions, this is democracy, and finally the **** decision-making, this is called centralization. Taken together, it is democratic centralism.

The state can concentrate its efforts on doing great things, which is both a means and a system. Therefore, the self-confidence of the system and the self-confidence of the road can be traced back in history.

3. This is a great showdown between those who advocate a market economy and those who advocate a planned economy. Whether it is more market or more planning, each has its own demands. Looking at the problem from the perspective of the overall situation of the country, and looking at the problem from the point of view of the local area, the starting point and the end point are not at the same level.