What peanut species can produce high yields, and how to grow peanuts to produce high yields

Luhua No. 9 This variety was selected and bred by the Peanut Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (contact**: 0531--7626723 7626832), approved and named in 1988, and included in the "National Key Promotion Plan for Scientific and Technological Achievements" in 1990. In the experiment of Henan Province and Anhui Province, the yield of this variety was increased by 22 2 and 27 8 respectively compared with the local improved varieties, and the yield was 400-500 kg per 1 15 hectares (1 mu), and the average yield of 1 15 hectares was 613 kg.

The spring sowing growth period of this variety is 130 days, the fruit is concentrated, drought and waterlogging resistance, and the adaptability is wide. The weight of 100 fruits is 210 grams, the weight of 100 kernels is 90 grams, the rice yield is more than 73, the protein content is 27 83, and the crude fat content is 55 19. 10,000 holes per 1 15 hectares for spring sowing, 11,000-12,000 holes for wheat set or summer sowing, 2 grains per hole.

8130 is a high-quality export large peanut variety bred by the Peanut Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which was approved and promoted by the Shandong Provincial Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee in 1993. The yield of Shandong Province increased by 8 52 per 10 in the Luhua 10 test, 4 kg in the wheat set and heavy stubble test, and 619 25 kg per 15 hectares in the high-yield test. This variety belongs to the medium-ripening erect common large peanut, the spring sowing growth period is about 135 days, the main stem is 40 cm high, 8--9 branches, the root system is developed, drought resistance is strong, especially resistant to heavy stubble, resistant to leaf spot.

The weight of 100 fruits is 220--230 grams, the weight of 100 kernels is about 100 grams, the kernels are light red, the rice yield is 73--75, the crude fat content is about 54, the protein content is about 27, and the ratio of oleic acid and linoleic acid is 1 76. 10,000 holes per 1 15 hectares of general soil or wheat set, 11,000 holes for heavy cropping, 9,000 holes for spring-sown high-yield fields, 2 grains per hole, and other measures are the same as local varieties.

Luhua No. 10 This variety is systematically bred from the Hua 17 varieties cultivated by the Peanut Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and is now the leading variety for the export of large peanuts. The yield is more than 12 more than that of Xuzhou 68-4, the yield of 1 15 hectares of middle-yield plots is 250-300 kg, and the high-yield field can reach more than 500 kg. The variety belongs to the common type of medium-ripe erect large peanut, spring sowing growth period of 140-150 days, plant height of 40--45 cm, branching 8--10, fruit weight of about 250 grams, kernel weight of more than 100 grams, rice yield of 72 1, crude protein content of 28, crude fat content of 54 2, its fruit, rice fully in line with export standards.

This variety has strong drought resistance and fertilizer tolerance, and is suitable for planting in the northern large peanut export producing areas.

To plant peanuts for high yield, it is necessary to pay attention to seed dressing, sowing time, and ridge planting.

1. Seed dressing. Peanut seed dressing has now become an indispensable step for high yields, and there are a variety of seed dressings, peanut growers can prevent underground pests and common flower diseases through seed dressing, and at the same time can add some trace elements necessary for peanuts to improve yields.

2. Sowing time.

Generally, the amount of seed per mu is 30 35 catties, and the peanut sowing should not be too deep, generally about 5 cm. The higher the temperature of spring peanuts, the faster the emergence of seedlings, but it is not advisable to sow too early, and there is no difference between early sowing a few days and late sowing a few days, so the temperature in early spring is unstable and poor, do not rush to sow seeds. The best time to sow is also subject to stability.

3. Ridge planting.

In previous years, when there was more rain, many peanut areas would have rotten shells and sprouts, and this situation was more common when planting flat furrows, and less when planting ridges. Therefore, it is recommended that you carry out ridge planting, generally the height of ridge is 12 15 cm, and the single and double rows can be selected according to the plot.

When is the best time to grow peanuts?

If you want to grow peanuts, you can choose to sow them best after the Qingming Festival. If the sowing is too early and the temperature is too low, there is a possibility that the peanut seedlings will not grow evenly. Peanut seedlings have strict requirements for climate, and the soil temperature must be above 11 degrees.

When planting peanuts, be sure to pay attention to the pre-sowing treatment to prevent the appearance of underground pests. Once there is no seedling or dead seedling, it means that the sowing is in vain.

When planting peanuts, you must put some fertilizer appropriately, otherwise the peanuts will not grow abundantly. In the early stage of planting, you must put some farm fertilizer or some compound fertilizer in the soil, with these steps, you don't always have to fertilize in the later stage. Even if some peanuts are not full, the fertilizer in the early stage is sufficient, and proper weeding can be done.

First, if you want to have a high yield of peanuts, you must control the climatic conditions.

Peanuts grow well in sandy soils with relatively flat terrain and strong drainage. At the same time, since peanuts are the main nutrient crop, the demand for fertilizers will increase significantly in the later period after the flowering and fruiting period. Secondly, the soil organic matter content in the field should be greater than and the pH value should be between.

If the land is flooded or compacted with chemical fertilizer all year round, it is not conducive to the growth and development of peanuts. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the soil to improve the nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency of peanut roots.

Second, in order to increase peanut yields, fertilization and management are equally important.

Moisture: Peanuts have higher water requirements during growth and seedling stages. Generally, drip irrigation or rinsing during these two periods is sufficient. However, in the pod-setting stage, the amount of water should be properly controlled to prevent excessive humidity from causing water accumulation, root growth, and rot.

Grasses: Weeds compete for nutrients in peanuts and increase side branch yields, which reduces peanut seed set. Therefore, weeds in the field should be treated in time after they appear to prevent and control common rodent infestations. You can also sprinkle a thin layer of quicklime in the peanut field to reduce the disease.

Reasonable dense planting, sufficient water and fertilizer, and the soil should be loose and sandy as much as possible.

It's very simple, weeding, fertilizer should be enough, water to keep up, that's all.

1. Cultivating soil: In the planting process, we should carry out appropriate soil cultivation work according to the softness of the soil and the growth rate of the plant. Cultivating can make the soil softer, improve the permeability of the soil, strengthen the respiration of the roots, make the nutrient absorption more comprehensive, and promote the growth of peanuts.

Proper soil cultivation can effectively keep heat and water to prevent waterlogging, and because peanut fruits are grown underground, they can also promote the development of pods and ensure yield. The height of the soil should not be too high, otherwise it will delay the ripening time of the fruit.

2. Foliar fertilizer: Foliar fertilizer is very important for peanuts, because foliar fertilizer can not only provide water for leaf growth, but also promote the growth rate of leaves, strengthen photosynthesis, and increase nutrient accumulation in plants. However, it is not possible to blindly apply foliar fertilizer, as improper use may make the leaves too hypertrophied, affecting the light of the plant, and causing a certain impact on the growth of the plant.

The most suitable time to apply foliar fertilizer is during the peanut podding stage, which is the time when the peanut root ability is the weakest, so we need to apply some foliar fertilizer to supplement the nutrients of the plant.

3. Water management: Peanut water demand has a certain stage, and the water demand is not much before the flowering and needle period, but its water demand gradually increases at this stage. We need to water and replenish water in time to ensure the growth of the plants, and not let the plants be in an arid environment.

However, it should also be noted that there can be no stagnant water in the field, and the stagnant water should be discharged in time, otherwise the stagnant water will affect the respiration of the roots, and even lead to root rot. Therefore, while ensuring that the soil is moist, it is also necessary to prevent the soil from forming compaction due to excessive water accumulation.

4. Control the upper and promote the lower: the pod-setting stage is one of the most important periods in the whole growth process of peanuts, and it is also the stage with the fastest growth rate of peanut plants. Therefore, the demand for nutrients will gradually increase, and if the nutrients required by the plant are not met at this stage, it will have a great impact on the growth of the plant and the fullness of the pods.

However, it should also be noted that too much fertilizer should not be applied, as too much nutrients will cause the plants to begin to grow, which will not only affect the permeability of the field, but also cause the phenomenon of flowers but not fruits. Reduce the yield and affect the planting interests of farmers.

If you want to make peanuts high-yielding, before planting peanuts, you need to turn over the land, remove weeds in the soil, you can also expose the soil to eliminate bacteria and pests, when planting peanuts, you can select large, full and non-deflated seeds for sowing, in the process of maintenance, you can replenish water for peanuts in time, keep the soil moist.

1. Transform the land

The first thing we had to do to make peanuts productive was to do a thorough job of turning the land. We must first clean up the large clods, stones and other debris in the land, break up the compacted clods, remove the grass roots in the soil, and make the soil loose and porous, drained and breathable again.

2. Pick the seeds

Once we have sorted out the land, we have to select the seeds for planting. We need to select large, well-defined, rounded and full seeds, and remove the deflated, dry, wrinkled, and diseased seeds, so that healthy seeds can grow healthy peanut seedlings and promote high yields.

3. Water and fertilizer control

Peanut is a plant that is not too picky about water and fertilizer, but we should also pay attention to the dry and wet when watering, to ensure that the soil is more moist, watering should not be too frequent too much, so as not to cause water accumulation, fertilizer should also use diluted rotten fertilizer, so as not to cause the root burning of the root of the plant.

4. Timely maintenance

Peanuts in the process of growth and development will appear some such and such problems, we must solve these problems in time, often inspect the field, pull out the weeds that grow, spray the insect pests in time, check the condition of the plant and the dryness and wetness of the soil, regulate the application of water and fertilizer and the prevention and control of diseases.

Dear, the high yield of peanuts is affected by the following factors!

1. Time: Peanut is a plant that is more afraid of cold, so we usually have to wait for the temperature of the soil to rise before starting to sow seeds, and then we have to take into account the impact of high temperature and rain or high temperature and little rain on the growth of peanuts in summer, so it is best to sow early in time, because high temperature and little rain peanuts can not grow normally, and high temperature and rain will lead to the germination of new peanuts, which will affect the yield of peanuts, so the best planting time is from the end of March to the middle of April, we must pay attention to it.

2. Seeds: Peanut seeds are mainly to pay attention to seed selection and seed treatment before planting, first of all, we need Xun Ze which particles are relatively large and very full without the influence of pests and diseases, such seeds are easier to germinate, and good seeds will produce better peanuts. Before planting, we need to dry the peanut seeds in the sun, which can play a role in sterilization, and at the same time, if possible, we can use pesticides to dress the seeds, which can enhance the resistance of the plants, and then sow them after everything is treated.

3. Soil: The fruit of peanuts is mainly grown in the soil, and the appropriate soil is more conducive to the growth of peanuts and the improvement of the fruiting rate of peanuts, so we should pay attention to the selection of soil with high organic matter content of nutrients and good drainage when choosing soil. Although the soil in the peanut planting area is relatively loose, sandy land is usually not considered because it does not have a good water storage capacity and the peanut is prone to die.

First, it is necessary to apply sufficient basal fertilizer.

Before peanut sowing, the fertilizer applied in combination with cultivated land is called base fertilizer, and the peanut base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, with nitrogen, phosphorus and other chemical fertilizers. If the yield per mu is 300 kg of pods, 5-10 kg of urea, 40-50 kg of superphosphate, and 15-20 kg of potassium fertilizer need to be applied. The base fertilizer is generally 40% of the total nitrogen fertilizer, all nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and farm fertilizers.

Second, it is necessary to master the fertilization period.

Peanut topdressing should master the fertilization period, and generally carry out topdressing according to the growth of peanuts. Top dressing at the seedling stage should be carried out before the first flowering, so the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be properly controlled, generally 5-7 kg of urea per mu, and the ditching strip should be applied. After flowering, in addition to cultivating soil in time to help fruit needles to prick, foliar fertilizer spraying can be carried out with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2% urea solution for 1-2 times, which can play the role of fruit preservation and leaf preservation, and improve the seed setting rate and fruit satiety rate.

Third, it is necessary to supplement micro-fertilizer.

At the time of peanut sowing, seed dressing with rhizobia agent can increase the effective rhizobia. Seed dressing or soaking with ammonium molybdate or boric acid solution can supplement the trace elements needed for peanuts - molybdenum and boron.

Methods for planting peanuts with high yields: turning the land, selecting seeds, water and fertilizer control, and timely maintenance.

1. Transform the land

The first thing you need to do to make peanuts productive is to do a thorough job of turning the land. It is necessary to first clean up the large soil clods, stones and other debris in the land, break up the hardened soil and spring blocks, remove the grass roots in the soil, and make the soil loose and porous again, drained and breathable.

2. Pick the seeds

Once the land is organized, the seeds for planting are selected. It is necessary to select large, well-defined, rounded and full seeds, and remove the deflated, dry, wrinkled and diseased bad seeds, so that healthy seeds can grow healthy peanut seedlings and promote high yields.

3. Water and fertilizer control

Peanut is a plant that is not too picky about water and fertilizer, but it is also necessary to pay attention to seeing dry and wet when watering, to ensure that the soil is more moist, watering should not be too frequent and too much, so as not to cause water accumulation, and should also use diluted rotten fertilizer when fertilizing, so as not to cause the root burning of the roots of the plant.

4. Timely maintenance

In the process of peanut growth and development, there will be some such and such problems, to solve these problems in time, often inspect the field, pull out the weeds that grow, spray and kill insect pests in time, check the condition of the plant and the dryness and wetness of the soil, and regulate the application of water and fertilizer and the prevention and control of diseases.

Peanut related introduction

Peanut, an annual herbaceous plant of the legume family, has nodules at the roots; Stems erect or prostrate, ridged; Leaves hairy, leaflets ovate oblong or obovate, apex obtuse, base nearly rounded, entire; The corolla is yellow or golden yellow; The columella protrudes beyond the calyx tube; The pods are long, swollen, and have thick skins. It blooms from June to July and bears fruit from September to October. After the peanut blooms and is fertilized, the ovary should be resistant to falling into the dark ground to grow and bear fruit, hence the name peanut.

Peanut is native to Brazil, South America, and is now widely cultivated all over the world, and is planted more in China, such as Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Peanut likes high temperature and dryness, and is suitable for growing on sandy soil with warm climate, long growing season and moderate rainfall. The propagation method of fallen peanuts is seed propagation.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Peanut (Legume Plant).