Please teach me more about methanogens Thank you 10

Action, also known as methanogenesis, refers to the metabolic pathway by which microorganisms synthesize methane. In many environments, this is the final step in the degradation of organic matter.

Microorganisms that can produce methane are called methanogens. These organisms are all prokaryotes.

in archaea.

Methanogenesis is a type of anaerobic respiration. Methanogens cannot breathe oxygen, and oxygen is fatal to methanogens. The final acceptor for electron transport is not oxygen, but small carbon-containing compounds, most commonly carbon dioxide.

or acetic acid: CO2 + 4H2 = > CH4 + 2H2O (red route in the right panel).

CH3COOH = > CH4 + CO2 (gray-green pathway in the right panel).

Methanogenic action can also make use of other carbon-containing small molecule organic compounds, such as formic acid, methanol, and dimethyl sulfide.

and methyl mercaptan, among others.

Methanogens cannot survive where oxygen is present, so they can only be found in environments where there is a complete lack of oxygen. Such environments are common in places where organic matter is rapidly degraded, such as wetland soils, animal digestive tracts, and bottom sediments. Methanogenic can also occur in places where oxygen and decaying organic matter are absent, such as deep underground, deep-sea hot water vents, and oil depots.

Methanogenesis is the final step in the degradation of organic matter, and in the degradation pathway, electron acceptors, such as oxygen, ferric iron, sulfate.

Both nitrate and tetravalent manganese are depleted, while hydrogen and carbon dioxide accumulate. Accumulation is also formed of lighter organic matter produced by fermentation. In the more advanced degradation of organic matter, all electron acceptors are depleted, except for carbon dioxide.

Whereas carbon dioxide is most of the catabolism.

The product of the process.

Only methanogenic and fermentation can occur with only carbonaceous compounds as electron acceptors. Fermentation only causes the decomposition of large molecular weight organic matter, resulting in small molecular weight organic matter. Methane production removes these intermediate products such as hydrogen, small organic compounds, and carbon dioxide.

If there is no methanogenic effect, a large amount of carbon element.

It will accumulate in the form of fermentation products in an anoxic environment.

Methanogenic effects are also useful in humans. Through methane, organic waste can be converted into useful methane ("biogas"). Methanogenic effects also occur in the intestines of humans and animals.

Although methanogenic effects may not be necessary for human digestion, they are for ruminants.

For example, nutrition for cattle and sheep is necessary. In the rumen, anaerobic organisms, including methanogens, digest cellulose into substances that can be absorbed by animals. If the microorganisms in the rumen are deficient, the animals must be fed special food to survive.

Methane is widely distributed in nature, methane is the simplest organic matter, common name: natural gas, biogas

Methanobacteria are unicellular and do not have a formed nucleus, and belong to the bacterium methanogens, which are able to convert organic waste into useful methane in the absence of oxygen

So the answer is: organic matter; Bacteria

Methane is organic matter and methanobacteria are bacteria.

Tanshan Answer]: a

Methanogens are specialized in lumen-luminous or good anaerobic bacteria, and the suitable living environment is a weakly alkaline environment, which is a kind of archaea.

Questions that may interest you.

growth and reproduction.

First, high methane concentrations inhibit the growth and reproduction of methanogens. Methane is a toxic methanogens that inhibit the growth and reproduction of methanogens when its concentration exceeds a certain limit, thereby reducing the number of methanogens. Second, high methane concentrations inhibit the metabolic activity of methanogens.

Methane is a toxic gas, and when its concentration exceeds a certain limit, it will inhibit the metabolic activity of methanogens, thereby reducing the methanogens' ability to produce methanogens. Finally, high methane concentrations inhibit the environmental adaptation of methanogens. Methane is a toxic gas, and when its concentration exceeds a certain limit, it inhibits the environmental adaptation of methanogens, thereby reducing the viability of methanogens.

Methane is an organic substance that is produced by methanogens. Methane concentrations that are too high can adversely affect methanogens.

Hello, dear, the difference between methane and methanobacteria: methane is widely distributed in the natural sail chaos, methane is the simplest organic matter, common name: natural gas, biogas.

Methanobacteria are unicellular, amorphous with a formed nucleus and belong to bacteria. Methanogens are able to convert organic waste into useful methane in the absence of oxygen. Methanobacteria are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic by-product, and methanobacteria are prokaryotes, which are obligate and strictly anaerobic bacteria, grow and reproduce very slowly, and are difficult to culture and separate.

1. pH value.

pH value is one of the important influencing factors of anaerobic reaction. In anaerobic treatment, hydrolytic bacteria and acid-producing bacteria have a wide range of adaptability to pH, and most of these bacteria can grow well in the pH range. However, methanogens have a narrow range of adaptation to pH value, which should be maintained within the range, and the optimal pH range is that a sudden change in pH value will cause a significant decrease in bacterial activity.

Non-methanogens, such as hydrolyzed bacteria, solanogens and so on, are not as sensitive to the change of pH value as methanogens, and these bacteria are less affected when the pH value changes greatly, and they can continue to convert the organic matter in the mud into fatty acids, etc., resulting in the accumulation of organic acids in the reactor and the imbalance of acid-base balance, which will make the activity of methanogens more inhibited, and eventually lead to the failure of the reactor. Due to the trembling of pure this, special attention should be paid to the control of the pH value in the reactor.

2. pH.

The alkalinity of the digestive juice is usually determined by the amount of ammonia nitrogen in it. It neutralizes acids and keeps digestive juices at the right pH level. In the digestive system, NH, and CO, react to form, so that the digestive juice has a certain buffering capacity, and avoids a sudden decrease in pH value within a certain range.

The buffer is produced during the decomposition of organic matter, and H2CO3, ammonia (NH, and NH*) and ammonia (NH*) are present in the digestive fluid. HCO, and HCO, make up the buffer solution. When the concentration of fatty acids in the solution varies within a certain range, it is not enough to cause a change in pH.

This buffer solution is generally measured in terms of the total alkalinity of carbonate.

Therefore, in the digestive system, the alkalinity should be kept above 2000mg l so that it has sufficient buffering capacity. During the management of the digestive system, alkalinity should be measured frequently.

Ammonia has a certain toxicity, and it is generally advisable not to exceed 1000mg L. Ammonia exists in the form of NH and NH3, and the equilibrium concentration of both is determined by the pH value. When organic acids accumulate and the pH decreases, NH3 dissociates into NH; , when the NH concentration exceeds 150 mg L, digestion is inhibited.

Chemical, physical, or biological methods are used for mitigation and recovery.

When acidification occurs in anaerobic fermentation systems, chemical, physical or biological methods are usually used for mitigation and restoration.

1. The chemical method is to add ammonia bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and other buffer solutions to the system to increase the pH of the reactor to above to provide a suitable pH for the growth of methanobacteria. Its disadvantages are high drug consumption, high cost and long intermittent dosing.

2. The physical method is to reduce the feed load of the ridge bend and dilute the organic acid concentration of the mixing system, etc., so as to reduce the organic load of the reactor and accelerate the degradation of VFA. The disadvantage is that the recovery time is long and the engineering application is limited.

3. The biological method is to promote the degradation and transformation of VFA by adding high-activity digested sludge. The disadvantage of Shiye Huai is that the cost of adding and digesting sludge is high and it is difficult to achieve.