Apple Tree Why do pear trees have big and small years? What are the measures to overcome the big and

The occurrence of large and small years is generally these three situations. One is that there were too many fruits in the previous year, and the fruit thinning period was not done well, and the leaves were too dense. The other is that the fertilizer does not keep up, there is a lack of trace elements, the tree lacks nutrients, and the tree is hungry. In the third case, it may be that the tree is sick.

The reason for the occurrence of fruit size years is simply because there are too many fruits in the previous year, and the plant consumes a lot of nutrients while the follow-up nutrition cannot keep up, which will lead to less flower bud differentiation and poor root vitality, which is reflected in disguised through the amount of fruit.

1. After picking fruits, the bottom fertilizer must be sufficient, because most of the nutrients needed for the fruit to bear fruit in the next year are accumulated by this time.

2. After the soil thaws in spring, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied with water to promote root germination and supplement nutrients for flower buds.

3. After the leaves begin to grow, the foliar spray of organic acid boron-calcium foliar fertilizer and a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the formation of flower buds.

4. During the flower bud differentiation period during the fruiting period, it is very important at this time, the nutrition must be supplemented in place, it is recommended that the underground organic and inorganic fertilizer should be used well, and the foliar spray of organic acid boron calcium foliar fertilizer plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate will be on the line.

For plants, the root soil is nutritious and healthy, and attention must be paid to the rational use of organic and inorganic foliar fertilizer in each growth and fruiting stage, so that the probability of fruit size will be reduced a lot.

Pay attention to the growing branches, the proportion of fruiting branches and vegetative branches should be one-third each"A round in three years, not a big or small year"！aqui te amo。

<> apple and pear trees often produce more fruit in a year, and less or even no fruit in a year. Can this phenomenon be overcome?

Big and small years refer to the phenomenon that some crops, especially fruit trees, produce more in one year (called big years) and less in one year (called small years). When a fruit tree produces fruit, there is often a peculiar phenomenon, that is, if it bears a lot of fruit that year, then it will not bear much or even no fruit at all in the next year. This phenomenon is even more pronounced in some major fruit trees, such as apples and pears.

People call this phenomenon the small year of the fruit tree.

There are too many flower buds in the fruit tree, which exceeds the reasonable burden of the tree, and the ratio of flower buds to leaf buds is greater than 1:2. Here's how to adjust it:

When pruning, the crossed, overlapping, and inappropriate large branches are re-pruned, the weaker fruiting branch group is retracted, the overly dense fruiting branch group is thinned, and the medium-long fruit branches on the shortening fruiting group are shortened, and the excess flower buds are removed intensively, so that the ratio of flower buds to leaf buds is maintained at about 1:3. When thinning the fruit, remove too many young fruits, reduce the burden on the tree, improve the light conditions, and promote its renewal and rejuvenation.

The young age of a fruit tree means that the ratio of flower buds to leaf buds on the tree is less than 1:4. At this time, it is necessary to prune the young trees lightly, focus on preserving the flower buds, and strive to leave only the exact flower buds on the tree.

For the fruit branches and weak branches that have been identified as not flower buds, they should be appropriately re-cut to promote their growth, so that they no longer form flower buds and increase the number of flower buds next year (big year). Artificial pollination was carried out during the flowering period to improve the fruit setting rate.

If every effort is made to preserve the amount of flowers on the young tree and ensure that it bears fruit, it will be possible to produce a lot of small trees.

1. Reasons for the size of fruit trees: (1) The cultivation management technology is unreasonable. Many fruit farmers do not prune and adjust in time when pruning for a long time, leaving no preparatory branches, and not pruning and adjusting in time when the number of flowers is large, the fruit is many, and the tree body is heavily loaded, resulting in a decrease in yield in the coming year.

When there is a lot of flowering and fruit setting, the flowers and fruits are not thinned in time, resulting in a waste of nutrients, and when the climate is bad, the flowers and fruits are not protected, resulting in the production of large and small years. (2) Climatic factors. Abnormal conditions of qi grip and cheating can lead to fruit tree size and annual fruiting.

The flower bud differentiation period, the flowering period is cloudy and rainy, and the temperature is low, which leads to the reduction of the yield in the current year to form a small year, and the nutrient accumulation in the tree will form a large number of flower buds in the next year, and a large year will appear.

2. Prevention and control: (1) timely and reasonable fertilization, prevention and control of pests and diseases. The main reason for the occurrence of small years is the lack of nutrients in the tree, as long as timely and reasonable fertilization can effectively avoid the generation of small years.

2) Thinning flowers and fruits. Reasonable thinning of flowers and fruits and adjustment of leaf-fruit ratio can maintain a balance between the vegetative growth of the tree and the coarse growth of the growing segment. Generally, large fruits are 20-25 cm and 1 fruit is left, and medium-sized fruits are 15-20 cm.

Fruit trees need to consume a lot of nutrients and water during a series of life activities such as germination, growth, flowering, fruiting, flower bud differentiation, and nutrient storage.

In the "big year", due to the excessive number of flowers and fruits, a large amount of nutrients in the tree body is consumed, so that the fruit tree does not have enough nutrients to promote the formation of flower buds, and the phenomenon of "small year" occurs in the second year.

In the "small year", due to the small amount of flowering and fruiting, the nutrients of the tree body are mainly used for growth. The organic nutrient accumulation of fruit trees is more, which promotes the formation of a large number of flower buds, and the phenomenon of "big year" is presented in the second year.

For most fruit trees, a direct cause of the size of the year is the inhibition of flower bud formation by a large number of fruits. In the past, the explanation for this phenomenon was that the growth and development of the fruit consumed a lot of nutrients, so that there were not enough nutrients for the formation of flower buds. However, with the deepening of the understanding of endogenous hormones, there is a lot of evidence that developing seeds produce hormones that inhibit the germination of flower buds, mainly gibberellin, which is also one of the reasons for the formation of large and large years.

For example, some seedless apple varieties do not have this inhibition effect; The short fruit branches of apples that bear fruit generally do not form flower buds in the current year (big year), but they can form flower buds after being treated with arala, an anti-substance of gibberellin. In addition, the occurrence of large and small years is also related to the growth environment and cultivation management conditions of fruit trees. Under the right environmental conditions, the performance of large and small years is lighter, and vice versa.

Meteorological conditions during the flowering period are unfavorable, with low temperatures in winter or late frost in spring leading to severe flower buds. Low or high temperature, drought, waterlogging, pests and diseases during the growth period of young fruits can cause a large number of fruit drops or leaf drops, which can make the fruit tree production in a certain area become a small year, thus triggering a vicious circle of large and small years. Conversely, if the meteorological conditions in a particular year are particularly favourable for the formation of flower buds and the fruit set in the spring of the following year, large and small years can also be formed.

Laizhou Song Yu explains why fruit trees have big and small years.

If we want to solve this phenomenon, we must strengthen the management of fertilization, carry out reasonable pruning of fruit trees, and we must pay attention to the thinning of vegetables and fruits.

It may be because you don't get enough sunlight, so I suggest building a shed or getting a sun fan.

Root stunting, improper management, large nutrient competition, and unreasonable cultivation management; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and prune reasonably.

In the usual production of apple trees, I often hear fruit farmers complaining: I have encountered a good **, but unfortunately there is no yield this year; In the coming year, the output will go up, but it will be poor. In this way, it will inevitably restrict the sustainable development of the fruit tree industry.

In fact, this phenomenon of fruiting in alternate years is called "the size of the fruit tree".

What is the size of an apple tree in a year

The annual phenomenon of apple tree size is a phenomenon in which the annual yield of fruit trees obviously fluctuates high and low, that is to say, the flowering rate of fruit trees fluctuates every other year, with more fruit this year and less fruit next year, and the yield is extremely unstable, which directly affects the yield and quality of apples.

What causes the phenomenon of large and small years in apple trees

Poor flower bud differentiation caused by insufficient fertilizer and water and excessive fruiting in the first year.

Early defoliation caused by untimely pest control.

Affected by various natural disasters such as high winds, droughts, hailstorms, rainy flowering, frost, etc.

The thinning of flowers and fruits is not strict, and the amount of fruit is large, resulting in nutritional disorders.

How to effectively avoid the size of the apple tree in years

Through years of practice, it is known that in addition to the periodic water and fertilizer management and pest control of applesReasonable pruning, thinning flowers and fruits (flower and fruit preservation).It is an effective way to overcome the size of the apple tree.

Pruning of the big year tree - fruit for flower.

The big year tree should let go of some flower buds and reduce the amount of flowers, so that the big year can not bear too much fruit. The branches that break the flower buds in the full fruit stage can generally form flower buds in the same year, and bear fruit in small years; For medium and long fruit branches, it is necessary to lightly and stubly cut off to reduce the amount of flowers in the current year, so that they can become flowers in large years and bear fruit in small years; For the inner chamber of the mediocre branches, it can be slowly put without pruning, and it will become a flower in the current year and bear fruit in the next year. For dense growth, drooping weak branches, mopping skirt branches, etc., planned thinning in a large year, will not affect the annual yield; Retracting too long bunches of flower branches, thinning too many thin flower buds, and thinning flowers and fruits will make the apple tree not big.

Pruning of young trees – flowers for fruits.

Small trees should retain all kinds of fruit branches, including axillary flower buds, and try to use almost all the flower buds of small years to increase yield. The secondary shoots of the middle vegetative branches and figless fruit platforms should be cut in the middle, so as to promote the branches, and not let them bloom in the young year, so that they can slowly bloom into flowers in the next year; For fruit branches and middle branches that may be flowers, they should not be truncated in winter, and when the flower buds can be accurately identified before flowering, they will be truncated again to promote branching and let them become flowers in the big year; The fruiting branches without flowers in small years should be retracted and renewed according to the growth conditions; For overlapping branches and dense branches, according to the amount of flowers, on the basis of flower preservation, it can be appropriately retracted.

Apple production is a systematic project, through pruning to adjust the size of the apple tree is one of the effective measures, but should also strengthen other management measures, through reasonable fertilization, thinning flowers and fruits (flower and fruit preservation), timely prevention and control of pests and diseases and other comprehensive management measures, year by year to overcome the "size of the year" phenomenon, to achieve the purpose of continuous harvest and stable production.

If you want to avoid the yield of apple trees being affected, it is important to observe the state of apple trees when planting them, and to manage the water and fertilizer of apple trees.

I think we must do a good job in fertilization management, and scientific fertilization can avoid this situation.

These external environments should be disturbed in advance by artificial methods to ensure that they can grow better.