How to look at problems from a materialist and dialectical point of view

The Interaction of the Natural World The dialectical materialist view of nature holds that the natural world is a whole of the interaction of various things, and it is also a collection of various processes. Everything in nature, from atoms and elementary particles to galaxies and galaxies, to people, biospheres and societies, is a system composed of various elements. Nature forms the functions and properties of the whole through the interaction of these elements themselves and with the external environment.

It is also a process of information feedback. A system of matter may maintain a relative homeostasis by regulating the input through negative feedback, or it may break the old homeostasis through positive feedback, establish a new homeostasis, or tend to be destroyed. Therefore, in this dynamic process, each level of the system will emerge in a new way of combination, with a higher organization, forming different levels of material forms.

However, there is isomorphism between different levels of the system. As an open system, things are in internal and external action, and both have a certain ability to self-regulate and self-organize. From this point of view, the difference between them is simply a matter of the level of organization, and the so-called "purposefulness" is nothing more than a manifestation of this organization.

There is no insurmountable gap between different forms of matter, first of all, between inorganic matter and organic matter, between non-life and life, and there is no mysterious "hidden Drech", "vitality", and so on. The overall function of each level of the material structure also implies a tendency towards the latent possibilities of a higher level, and under certain conditions does lead to the emergence of new levels. Because of this, the infinite layers of the material structure correspond precisely to the infinite series of the development process; The schema of the spatial structure of the universe corresponds to the evolutionary picture of the universe in time.

The unity of man and nature The development of science and technology is constantly changing the relationship between man and nature, that is, man is not a mere spectator of natural phenomena, but an active participant in natural processes; Not only is nature branded everywhere, but man is constantly transforming himself in the process of transforming nature. The new technological revolution has prolonged the human brain, making it possible for human beings to foresee the more distant social consequences of their activities and to more consciously regulate their relationship with nature. This radically changed man's attitude towards nature:

As a part of the natural world, man cannot be above nature and take from nature without limits, but must constantly regulate his relationship with nature to make it harmonious and unified, and meet his own needs under this premise. The dialectical materialist view of nature advocates that man and nature together constitute an organic whole, and that people can only understand the natural world and themselves in the interaction between man and nature, so as to establish a dialectical world picture of the unity of man and nature.

Materialist dialectics is the differentiation and development of polar contradictions, and the transformation through specific conditions, for example, you and your wife have a quarrel, the main purpose of this quarrel is who will be in charge of this family in the future, so the following results may be produced: 1 divorce (the maximum polarization of the two poles), 2, you will be the master in the future, 3, the wife will be the master in the future (the ideological transfer of one side of the opposite party) 4, maintain the status quo, that is to say, the quarrel is fruitless, understand?

There was a man who stole a bag of gold and accidentally fell into the river, he couldn't swim, there was no way, in order not to drown, he threw away dozens of pounds of gold, and after struggling hard, he grabbed a thin straw, climbed ashore by himself, and was rescued, is he a blessing or a curse? This is Ma Zhe's dialectical view, the two sides of things.

Think more, don't drill the horns, be good as flow, and so on.

1. Look at the problem comprehensively. Some things are because we only look at the part, and there is a misunderstanding, which causes unnecessary losses.

2. Customer ** problem. Some things are caused by our preconceived ideas and relying on our own likes and dislikes to see problems, which are divorced from reality, resulting in unnecessary misjudgments and problems.

3. Look at the problem of development. A thing is never static, it is constantly evolving, and if you always look at people and things with one eye, there will be metaphysical errors.

There are many more, you can slowly experience it yourself.

1.Look at the problem from the perspective of dividing into two and adhere to the dichotomy;

2.Stick to the idea of connection, where things are universally connected.

3.Adhere to the view of development, things are changing and developing.

4.According to objective laws, the movement of things is regular.

5.Specific problems are analyzed in detail, and contradictions are of a special nature.

6.Good at grasping the key points and the mainstream.

7.Correctly understand the cause of things. Status and trends.

In the question, it is said that the use of materialist dialectics is mainly based on dialectics, and materialism answers little or no answers.

Materialist dialectics advocates looking at problems from a relational, developmental, and comprehensive point of view.

Materialist dialectics and metaphysics are two fundamentally opposed philosophical schools. The fundamental viewpoint of materialist dialectics is to admit contradictions and advocate looking at problems from a linked, developing, and comprehensive viewpoint. Therefore, it is a one-sided view to reduce the dialectical point of view to a comprehensive point of view.

1. The fundamental viewpoint of materialist dialectics is to admit contradictions and advocate looking at problems from a linked, developmental, and comprehensive viewpoint.

2. Materialist dialectics recognizes contradictions, admits that the internal contradictions of things are the fundamental driving force and source of the development of things, and recognizes contradictions, analyzes contradictions, and solves contradictions as the most fundamental requirements of materialist dialectics. Therefore, to uphold the dialectic, it is necessary to look at the problem from a comprehensive point of view.

3. Materialist dialectics also requires to look at problems from the point of view of connection and development, because things are universally connected, and the essential content of universal connection is the connection between the two sides of the contradiction; Things are changing and developing, and the development of things also has its dynamics, nature, direction, process, speed, and other issues, all of which are determined by the internal contradictions of things.

4. It can be seen from this that it is obviously one-sided to look at the problem only from the point of view of dialectics as a comprehensive point of view.

The view of materialist dialectics is that the world is a dynamic path forward, it is tortuous, nothing is immutable, good is in it, there is bad in it, and everything is dialectical and looks at the problem in two.

Universal Connection. Materialist dialectics looks at the world and history from the viewpoint of universal connection, pointing out that the world is an organic whole, and everything in the world is in the process of mutual influence, interaction, and mutual constraints, and opposes looking at problems from a one-sided or isolated viewpoint.

Materialist dialectics points out that connections are objective, universal and diverse.

Objectivity of the connection: The connection is inherent in the thing itself, not subject to the subjective will of man, and can neither be created nor destroyed.

Universality of connection: Connection includes horizontal connection to the things around us, but also vertical connection to the historical future. All things, phenomena and processes, as well as their internal elements, parts and links, do not exist in isolation, but they interact, influence and restrict each other.

But on the other hand, there is relative independence of things, that is, everything exists relatively independently from other things. The universal connection of things and the relative independent existence of things are mutually premised.

Diversity of connections: Broadly speaking, links can be divided into internal and external links, essential and non-essential links, necessary and accidental links, primary and secondary links, direct and indirect links, and so on.

According to the bipolar world theory, there are three indispensable elements for the connections that constitute existence, namely, the external connection, the external connection, and the internal connection.

Materialist dialectics points out that contradiction (i.e., the unity of opposites) is the fundamental content of the universal connection of things. The so-called contradiction, in dialectics, refers to "the dialectical relationship of the unity of opposites within or between things"; The two sides of the contradiction always "exist by comparison and develop by struggle."

Engels argued: "Movement itself is a contradiction. "*** more emphasis:

Contradictions exist in the development of all things; Contradictions exist throughout the development process of all things. In other words, contradictions are everywhere and all the time. Contradiction is the profound foundation for the existence of things, and it is also the internal basis for the development of things.

In a certain sense, things are contradictions, and the world is a collection of contradictions; There is no thing or world without contradiction, and there is no thing or world without contradiction.

Eternal development. Materialist dialectics points out that the world is a process, the process is composed of states, and the state is the state in the process; There is no eternal thing in the world, there is life and there is destruction, and there is no life without destruction; When the old dies, it means that something new is born.

Materialist dialectics points out that the so-called development refers to the changing trend of things from simple to complex and from low to high, and its essence is the emergence of new things and the death of old things. The development of a thing is often a process of "unbalance, balance, new imbalance, and new balance", and the limited processes constitute a world of infinite development, in other words, the world can also be regarded as a collection of "processes" of eternal development.

The basic content of materialist dialectics has two major viewpoints, three laws, and five pairs of categories. The two major viewpoints are the viewpoint of connection and the viewpoint of development, the three laws are the law of unity of opposites, the law of mutual change of quality, and the law of negation of negation, and the five pairs of categories are content and form, chance and necessity, cause and effect, phenomenon and essence, possibility and reality.

To look at problems from the viewpoint of materialist dialectics, we need to recognize contradictions, that is, to admit that things are opposites and unity, to learn to analyze contradictions and resolve contradictions, to be good at grasping the key points, and to concentrate forces on resolving the main contradictions, which does not mean that other secondary contradictions can be ignored.

If the focus and center are lost, "eyebrows and mustaches are grasped", it is the metaphysical "equilibrium theory"; On the other hand, if we only focus on the key points and the central point, ignore the secondary contradictions, and engage in "single-handedness," we will fall into the metaphysical "one-point theory."

It is necessary to look at problems from the perspective of development, that is, to see things truthfully as a process of change and development, to clarify what stage and status things are in, to keep pace with the times, to cultivate the spirit of innovation, and to promote the growth of new things.

Be good at analyzing the inevitable connection of things, respect the objectivity of things, and at the same time, actively give full play to their own subjective initiative, adhere to the viewpoint of connection to understand and solve problems, oppose looking at problems in isolation, grasp the real connection of things, and analyze the connections between things comprehensively and concretely. Learn to grasp things as a whole, so as to focus on both the whole and the parts.