Genetic mutations can produce good or bad results

For humans, genetic mutations can be useful or harmful.

Mutagenesis breeding. This is a useful aspect of genetic mutations by inducing a large and diverse number of genetic mutations in organisms, so that excellent varieties can be bred according to needs. Before the discovery of chemical mutagens, radiation was mainly used as a mutagen in plant breeding. After the discovery of chemical mutagens, the means of mutagenesis increased greatly.

In the mutagenesis breeding of microorganisms, because it is easy to deal with a large number of individuals in a short time, it is generally only required that the mutagen has a strong effect, that is, it is required to produce a large number of mutations. For higher plants that are difficult to process a large number of individuals in a short period of time, mutagens are required to have a stronger effect, higher efficiency and more specificity. Higher efficiency means more genetic mutations and fewer chromosomal aberrations.

Single-mindedness is the creation of a specific type of mutation.

Pest control. Treating male pests with mutagens to cause lethal or conditionally lethal mutations, and then releasing these male pests, allows them to compete with wild male insects to produce lethal or sterile offspring.

Detection of mutagenic substances. Most mutations are harmful to organisms themselves, and the occurrence of human cancer is also closely related to genetic mutations, so the detection of mutagenic substances in the environment has become an important task of public health.

From the perspective of the nature of gene mutations, the detection methods can be divided into three categories: dominant mutation method, recessive mutation method and revertant mutation method.

In addition to the many methods used to detect genetic mutations, there are many testing systems used to detect chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid swaps. Of course, the most reliable determination of the carcinogenic activity of drugs is the detection of carcinogenicity in mammals. However, it is still of great practical significance to use the indicator of induced revertant mutation in microorganisms as a preliminary screening of carcinogens.

Advantageous: Genetic mutations allow cancer cells to commit suicide.

It's all possible, but most of it is in the bad way.

Example: Advantageous: Artificially cultivated space vegetables, irradiating the fruit with X-rays, etc., so that the fruit undergoes genetic mutations, resulting in the mutant fruit being much larger than the normal fruit and the nutritional value is better, which is the advantageous aspect.

Harmful: Gene mutations, split cell gene mutations, and germ cell gene mutations, somatic cell gene mutations are generally not inherited, while germ cell genes will be passed on to offspring. For example, sickle anemia is a mutation of normal red blood cells, which are prone to rupture and can easily lead to death.

There are also 2 diseases such as cat cry syndrome that are caused by genetic mutations.

This cannot be generalized, because some can produce good results and some will produce bad results. If a gene mutation is more adaptable to the environment, it is a good outcome, and if the mutation is not able to adapt to the environment, it is a bad outcome.

When high school biology talks about genetic mutations, it means that the vast majority of them are mutated into traits that are harmful to living organisms, and only a very small number are mutated into traits that are beneficial to organisms, and the probability of genetic mutation is very small. Mutations can also create favorable traits, but they need to be artificially mutagenized, and mutagenesis breeding is already available.

The vast majority are unable to adapt to changes in the environment. Only a very small number of mutations that are suitable for the environment are preserved, and this is evolution.

Not necessarily, there are good and bad.

There is no superiority or inferiority in the genetic mutation itself, the key is to look at the effects it causes.

1. The benefits it brings

On a good level, genetic mutations are species evolution.

a kind of "driving force". Some on the natural environment.

Mutations with poor adaptability will eventually be "eliminated" according to the theory of natural selection, while these mutations that are beneficial to the population will accumulate and be passed on, so that they can better integrate into the harsh environment, stronger into social development, and into daily life.

2. The disadvantages it brings

On the bad side, genetic mutations can cause somatic cells.

Abnormal operation causes various illnesses and even death in the body. For example, cancer, diabetes.

patients, psychiatric diseases, etc., also include malformed fetuses during pregnancy, stillbirth, and miscarriage.

and other conditions. Most genetic mutations are harmful to individuals.

Not all mutations have the same practical significance, some mutations have important practical significance, called "push mutations", and some mutations have less relative practical significance, called "rush passerby mutations".

Japanese Present Genetically Mutant Two-Headed Turtle:

According to Japanese media on July 23, a man in Saga City, Japan, found a grass turtle with two heads in a residential area.

When the grass turtle was first discovered, it was very weak, but it gradually regained its health after careful feeding.

Experts say that the two-headed turtle is caused by a natural genetic mutation and is very rare.

It is known that this small turtle shares a body due to two brains. It is said that two-headed animals have difficulty coordinating themselves, have lower intelligence, and are difficult to make correct judgments about dangerous situations, and their survival probability is lower than that of normal animals, and their lifespan is shorter.

Of course, it's better not to mutate. Most cancers are due to genetic mutations, which are essentially a genetic disease, but it is not necessary to say that all genetic mutations are due to parental inheritance, such as viral infections, chemicals, radiation and other environmental factors may cause gene mutations, so that people develop cancer.

Genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and DNA recombination and gene rearrangement can be summed up in one sentence, altered genetic information. Mutation is any heritable change in the genetic material that is not due to genetic recombination, and gene mutation is divided into two categories: spontaneous mutation and induced mutation, and the main reasons for gene mutation are the following three points:

1. It may occur at the chromosome level or at the gene level, the former is called chromosomal aberration, and the latter is called gene mutation. Genetic mutations can be caused by the displacement of base pairs or the increase or decrease of one or more bases.

2. It may be caused by radiation, which causes genetic damage by breaking chromosomes. It can also be produced by the action of chemicals and DNA, or by causing the formation of abnormal strands between DNA. Some types of DNA damage may be caused by radiation, but not chromosomal breaks, which can be corrected by the repair system in the cell.

3. It may also be caused by certain chemicals, which are called chemical mutagens. Many chemical mutagens are known, and the mechanism of mutagenesis is different, and mutations are caused by the substitution of base analogues, chemical modification of bases, and insertion and deletion of bases in the process of DNA replication.

In addition, from the molecular level, gene mutation refers to the change of base pair composition or arrangement order in the structure of genes, based on which there are three factors that cause gene mutation: (1) physical factors: X-rays, lasers, etc. (2) Chemical factors:

Nitrous acid and base analogues, etc. (3) Biological factors: viruses and certain bacteria, etc.

Scientifically speaking, the result of a genetic mutation is a change in the order of bases, that is, a change in genetic information. Genetic mutations, acting on natural selection, accumulate in one direction and eventually form new species. Some researchers have pointed out that a single gene mutation may significantly affect an individual's facial features, which can occasionally induce facial deformation.

The purpose of life is heredity, and it is the desire to pass on one's genetic material without alteration. Genetic mutations are essentially the result of DNA replication errors and are a completely random "error" that tends to alter or disrupt the function of genes. Only a very small number of mutations, crooked, alter the function of genes, and this change happens to be conducive to the adaptation of organisms to the environment, which is the molecular basis of biological evolution.

A gene is a characteristic of an organism, and a gene mutation is a mutation that occurs from time to time, which refers to the change in the genes of an organism, which is different from the previous genes, so why do genes mutate? How does a genetic mutation work? I believe that many friends don't know much about it, so let's find out with me.

Genetic mutation is a "contingency", can it be **? Regardless of whether it is a spontaneous or induced mutation, the mutation is random. It is impossible to predict what kind of mutations will occur in genes and which genes will mutate.

Moreover, any genetic mutation can occur at any time in an organism's life, but the time period during which the mutation occurs has a very different effect on the organism. If there is a mutation in the gene in the zygote, then the mutation in the gene is present in all cells of the organism from which the zygote develops; If there is a mutation in the gene in a cell, then when the cell dies, the mutation disappears.

What causes genetic mutations? Genetic mutations rarely occur in the normal living environment of organisms, but many rays, such as rays, rays, rays, x-rays, etc., will greatly increase the probability of gene mutations. In addition, many chemicals can increase genetic mutations a hundredfold and can also cause chromosomal aberrations.

For organisms, genetic mutations can do more harm than good. For example, some human diseases: color blindness, hemophilia, etc., are the result of genetic mutations.

However, humans also make use of genetic mutations in other organisms for a certain need. For example, the blister-eyed goldfish is the result of a genetic mutation, and the big blister in the eye is useless for the goldfish, which is definitely a burden, but the blister-eyed goldfish meets people's viewing needs, so this species of goldfish can reproduce in large numbers. For example, short-legged sheep are also the result of genetic mutations, short-legged sheep in the grassland because they can't outrun long-legged sheep, often because they can't eat grass and hungry, but for shepherds, short-legged sheep have a smaller range of activity than long-legged sheep, which is easier to manage, so short-legged sheep are also retained by humans.