The hierarchical order of the Western Zhou Dynasty, what was the social hierarchy during the Western

One of the key elements of the patriarchal system is to strictly distinguish between the elders and the concubines, and to implement the primogeniture system. This system relied on natural blood ties to delineate the hierarchical status of the nobility, thus preventing competition for power and property among the nobility. Under the patriarchal system, the lineage is passed down from the eldest son of the first ancestor, and the generation is inherited by the eldest son.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, in addition to the ** direct division of the princes, the princes were divided within themselves and their territories. The princes generally left the central area for their direct rule, and the rest of the land was divided among his relatives other than his eldest son, the Qing Dafu, and such fiefs were called "caiyi", and the Qing Dafu also divided his share of the fiefs among his relatives other than the eldest son, the shi, called Lutian. As a result, the whole country formed a unified hierarchical patriarchal feudal political structure with the royal family as the center, radiating to the surrounding areas, and being guarded by the surrounding arches.

From the above, we can propose: (1) the patriarchal system stipulates that the eldest son inherits the throne and the throne of the country, and the rest of the concubines are all divided into feuds; (2) The titles of the princes are divided into dukes, marquis, earls, sons, and male lords; (3) The princes then divided part of the land to the emperor as a fief, and the prince gave part of the fiefdom as a land. In this way, the Zhou Dynasty and the feudal vassal states ensured their blood rule for generations, and thousands of miles of rivers and mountains became a family.

Zhou Tianzi. Princes and kings.

The princes and kings are divided into: duke, marquis, uncle, son, male.

Literati. Civilian. Slave.

The social hierarchy of the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasty was clearly divided into the Son of Heaven, princes, doctors, scholars, commoners, and slaves, and the standard was blood kinship.

During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, King Zhou Kao sealed his younger brother in Henan in 425 BC (15 years of King Zhou Kao) and established the Duchy of Zhou, which was the Duke of Huan of the Western Zhou Dynasty. This was the last time the Zhou Dynasty was divided. Since this separation, the land of the king of Zhou has been sealed, and even he is living in this Duchy of Zhou, and Zhou Tianzi at this time is no different from a beggar.

Duke Huan of Zhou died, and his son Duke Wei stood on his behalf. Wei Gong pawn, Zi Hui Gong on his behalf. When the king of Zhou was the king, Zhou Huigong named his youngest son Yu Gong to serve as the king, and was called the Duke of Huigong of the Eastern Zhou. The Eastern and Western Zhou Dynasty were separated, the Western Zhou capital Henan was old in Wangcheng, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was Gong.

Since the founding of the Western Zhou Dynasty, it has always adopted a policy of currying favor with the major powers, especially the Qin state. The Qin state and the surrounding powers often levied taxes and troops on the Western and Eastern Zhou dynasties. During the Zhou period, the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou often attacked each other.

During the reign of King Zhou Xun, the status of Zhou Tianzi has been completely vain, and his land (Zhou Tianzi's Wangji) was also divided into two by Han and Zhao, with Luoyi's Henan Wangcheng as the Western Zhou, still the capital Luoyi, and Gong attached to the Zhou as the Eastern Zhou, which was governed by the Eastern and Western Zhou Dukes respectively, and Zhou Tianzi moved from Cheng Zhou to the royal city and attached to the Western Zhou Duke.

In 256 years before (59 years of King Zhen, 51 years of King Zhaoxiang of Qin), Qin soldiers attacked the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Western Zhou Dynasty was feared, and the sixteen cities of the West Wednesday and the population of 30,000 descended to Qin, Qin collected all its land, returned to its monarch in Zhou, King Zhou Xun died of grief, Qin did not set up a new king and took the nine tripods and ritual vessels in Xianyang (on the way, a tripod fell in Surabaya), moved to the West Zhou Gong in the regretful fox, the first year of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang (249 years ago), the Eastern Zhou Dynasty wanted to take advantage of Qin's mourning Zhaoxiang and Xiaowen two kings to attack Qin, Qin Zhuang Xiang King to Lü Buwei as a general, raised 100,000 troops, and returned to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Collect all the seven towns such as Gongcheng.

Moved to the east of the Zhou Dynasty in the land of the Yang people, but the princes also have Korea, Wei, Wei, Yan, Chu, Zhao, Qi, the Zhou Dynasty was completely destroyed, to 221 BC Qin successively destroyed Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, Qi six countries, unified the world.

The social hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty was clear, and the main systems of the Western Zhou Dynasty included three aspects, the patriarchal system, the feudal system and the ritual music system.

Patriarchal system: It is a political form in ancient Chinese society in which the family organization with blood ties as a bond is combined with the state system to ensure the hereditary rule of the blood aristocracy.

1.Emergence and main content: It was formed in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the patriarchal system was coordinated with the feudal system, and the Duke of Zhou, in view of the historical lessons of the poor succession of the throne of the Xia and Shang dynasties, established a strict primogeniture inheritance system in order to save the Zhou Dynasty from the internal chaos caused by the succession dispute on the throne.

The king of Zhou called himself the son of heaven and ruled the people on behalf of God, and he was both the political co-lord and the great sect of the world. The throne was inherited by the eldest son, who maintained the status of the great clan for generations. The younger brothers of the eldest son were appointed as princes and were in the position of a small sect for Zhou Wangyan.

The princes were also large sects in their feudal countries, and their thrones were also inherited by their eldest sons, and their younger brothers were named Qing Dafu, and they were said to be small sects to the princes, and they were in the position of large clans in their own clans, so that the patriarchal system of Zhou Tianzi's family was formed.

2.Important features: The first feature of the Western Zhou patriarchal system was its emphasis on hierarchy.

The great sect is inherited by the eldest son, who represents the continuation of the ancestors of the clan and the inheritance of its authority, and the obedience of the small sect to the large sect is not only the obedience to the authority of the clan, but also the obedience to the political authority of the state. The second characteristic of the patriarchal system of the Western Zhou Dynasty was the emphasis on blood kinship. It is to unite the strength of the entire Zhou clan by safeguarding the interests of nobles with the same surname at all levels, that is, by emphasizing blood relations, in order to achieve the purpose of strengthening the rule over all the states of the world.

The Son of Heaven - the princes - the princes - the scholars - the commoners - the slaves.

Qin Shi Huang ruled the world, and the number of slaves reached the largest number in history, and finally broke out.

Western Zhou. The hierarchical system is the sub-feudal system.

Zhou Tianzi is the highest point of the hierarchy, and the following are the official positions such as the princes, the lower levels of the princes are the princes and scholars, and the lowest level of it is the ordinary people. This kind of feudal system is very good, it can help the emperor to manage the country well, this is a hierarchical system based on blood relations, but it does not mean that the relationship between classes is oppressive and oppressive like in Western European countries, but it is an extremely equal relationship. <>

First, the right to distribute layer by layer, Zhou Tianzi was in the most high-end position in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and Zhou Tianzi was the food chain.

At the top, he is the monarch who holds the power of life and death, and the princes are also the monarchs of a region or even a small country, and when they take office as princes, they also have to hold canonization ceremonies, and they are all given by Zhou Tianzi, holding political and military rights. And the princes can disperse their rights to the princes, that is, the relationship of layer by layer, the princes are the local officials, and the princes will also be given fiefs by the princes, so the transfer of power between the princes and the princes is relatively thorough. <>

Second, the hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty is conducive to the ruling of the country The hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty is a very peaceful and just relationship, so that Zhou Tianzi does not have to worry much, and the local and Zhongjian Qiaoyang are not at all on the side, and the right to divide them can also be well controlled by people layer by layer, and whether it is a prince, a doctor or a scholar, they are all in the same blood relative.

Inside, so there is no outflow of rights. Among them, everyone is also doing things for their own families, and they are all very dedicated to their families, so such a hierarchy will help to rule the country. <>

The hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty created a precedent for the Emperor of Zhou and overthrew the previous hereditary system.

Of course, the disadvantage of the hierarchy system is that the fierce people can also coerce the Son of Heaven to order the princes. Therefore, no matter what kind of monarch succession system, there are pros and cons, and even such an equal hierarchy is not perfect.