In which dynasty was regional ethnic autonomy first established?

Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has attached great importance to the ethnic issue. With the increasing maturity of the Communist Party of China and the deepening of its understanding of China's national conditions, it has gradually and clearly put forward regional ethnic autonomy in line with China's national conditions as the basic policy for resolving China's ethnic issues. On May 1, 1941, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region** promulgated the "Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region Program", which stipulated:

In accordance with the principle of ethnic equality, the equal rights of the Mongolian Hui and Han ethnic groups in the political, economic, and cultural fields shall be implemented, and an autonomous region of the Mongolian and Hui nationalities shall be established. "On October 23, 1945, ** pointed out in the instructions on the work policy of Inner Mongolia:"At present, the basic policy of Inner Mongolia is to practice regional ethnic autonomy.

On February 18, 1946, it was more clearly stated:"According to the program for peaceful nation-building, it calls for equal autonomy for ethnic groups, but the slogan of independent autonomy should not be raised. "Under the guidance of this principle, on May 1, 1947, the party led the establishment of China's first provincial-level Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which pointed out the direction for the implementation of regional ethnic autonomy in other ethnic areas in the future, and accumulated valuable experience.

The 1949 "Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference" clearly stipulates:"In areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, regional ethnic autonomy shall be practiced, and various ethnic autonomy organs shall be established according to the size of the population inhabited by ethnic minorities and the size of the region. "Subsequently, regional ethnic autonomy was clearly enshrined in all successive constitutions and became an important political system in China.

The first dynasty in Chinese history to be established by ethnic minorities was the Yuan Dynasty. The ruler of the Yuan Dynasty was the Mongol Erjin clan. It was 162 years from 1206 when Genghis Khan established the Mongol regime, and 98 years from Kublai Khan's establishment of the state name.

After the Yuan Dynasty withdrew from the Central Plains, the Northern Yuan regime lasted until 1402.

During the Yuan Dynasty, the unified multi-ethnic state was further consolidated, and its territory surpassed that of previous dynasties. The Yuan Dynasty abolished Shangshu Province and Menxia Province, retained Zhongshu Province, the Privy Council, and the Imperial Historical Observatory to divide the three powers of government, military and supervision, and implemented the provincial system at the local level, which was the first of its kind in China.

The commodity economy of the Yuan Dynasty was more prosperous than overseas. During the Yuan Dynasty, diplomatic exchanges with various countries were frequent, and envoys, missionaries, and business travelers were sent from all over the country. In terms of culture, cultural forms such as Yuanqu appeared during the period, which were closer to secularization.

Core content. 1. The types of "ethnic autonomous areas" are divided into autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties. In view of the fact that some ethnic minorities live in small areas, have small populations and are scattered, and that it is not appropriate to establish "autonomous areas", the Constitution provides for the adoption of the method of establishing ethnic townships.

2. The organs of self-government are the people's congresses and the people of autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties.

3. Except in special circumstances, the names of ethnic autonomous areas shall be composed in the order of local names, ethnic names, and administrative status.

4. The organization and work of the organs of self-government of ethnic autonomous areas shall be prescribed by the autonomous regulations or special regulations of the ethnic autonomous areas in accordance with the Constitution and laws.

5. The standing committees of the people's congresses of ethnic autonomous areas shall have citizens of ethnic groups exercising regional autonomy as directors or vice-chairmen.

6. The chairman of the autonomous region, the governor of the autonomous prefecture, and the head of the autonomous county shall be citizens of the ethnic groups exercising regional autonomy.

7. Formulate autonomous regulations.

Administrative settings. In the system of regional ethnic autonomy, autonomous regions are equivalent to provincial-level administrative units, autonomous prefectures are ethnic regions between autonomous regions and autonomous counties, and autonomous counties are equivalent to county-level administrative units. In principle, the administrative status of ethnic autonomous areas is determined on the basis of the size of their territory and the size of their population.

Autonomous regions are at the same level as provinces, autonomous prefectures are at the same level as prefecture-level cities, and autonomous counties are at the same level as counties.

The right of autonomy is the core content of the system of regional ethnic autonomy. Its status should be: The system of regional ethnic autonomy is a basic political system in China. bar.

The system of regional ethnic autonomy was established on May 1, 1941.

Legal basis: The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Self-registration and Investigation of Ethnic Regions

Article 1: The Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy is formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China.

Article 2: Regional autonomy shall be exercised in the hidden areas where ethnic minorities live in large concentrations. Ethnic autonomous areas are divided into autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, and autonomous counties. All ethnic autonomous areas are inseparable parts of the People's Republic of China.

The premise of China's regional ethnic autonomy is:Territorial integrity, national unity.

The premise of China's system of regional ethnic autonomy is the unitary system of state structure. Our country is a unitary state, and even regional autonomous ethnic areas belong to a management system under a single state, and we must safeguard the authority of the constitution and laws and the unity of the state's basic decrees.

First, what is the system of regional ethnic autonomy

The system of regional ethnic autonomy is a basic political system in China, which refers to the practice of regional autonomy, the establishment of organs of self-government, and the exercise of the right of autonomy in areas inhabited by a small number of ethnic groups under the unified leadership of the state.

Second, what are the reasons for China's implementation of the system of regional ethnic autonomy?

1. The practice of regional ethnic autonomy is an inevitable choice suited to China's national conditions and is determined by China's historical characteristics and current conditions. The historical tradition of a multi-ethnic state, the characteristics of the ethnic distribution of "large mixed settlements and small settlements," and the interdependent ethnic relations formed by various ethnic groups in the course of protracted struggles have given China's regional ethnic autonomy a solid social and political foundation.

2. The system of regional ethnic autonomy has significant advantages.

1) It is conducive to maintaining national unity and security.

2) It is conducive to ensuring the realization of the rights of ethnic minority people to be masters of their own affairs.

3) It is conducive to the development of socialist ethnic relations characterized by equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony.

4) It is conducive to promoting the vigorous development of the cause of socialist modernization.

3. Expand information

Since 1840, all ethnic groups in China have been faced with the common task and destiny of fighting against imperialism and feudalism and for national liberation. In the protracted struggle to defend against foreign enemies and to fight for national independence and liberation, all ethnic groups in China have established close relations of solidarity and weal and woe, and have formed a political identity that is inseparable from each other.

The practice of regional ethnic autonomy is a national policy determined by the Communist Party of China at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China in accordance with the Marxist-Leninist theory on the ethnic question, in light of China's national conditions, and in summing up the experience of ethnic work in the course of the people's democratic revolution.