The type of electric shock and how to give first aid

Types of electric shock and first aid common sense Electrical injury, commonly known as electric shock, is an injury caused by an electric current passing through the human body. Most of them are caused by direct contact with the power supply, and some are injured by high-voltage electricity or lightning of more than 1,000 volts.

Exposure to high-voltage electricity above 1000 volts mostly causes respiratory arrest, low-voltage electricity below 200 volts is easy to cause myocardial fibrillation and cardiac arrest, and 220 1000 volts can cause paralysis of the heart and respiratory center at the same time. There may be deep burns in the electric shock area, and it is burnt yellow, and the surrounding normal tissues are clearly demarcated, there are more than 2 wounds, 1 entrance, 1 or several outlets, and the wound surface of the severe one is deep and the subcutaneous tissue, tendons, muscles, nerves, and even deep to the bones, showing a state of charring.

First aid method》1. Immediately cut off the power supply, or use non-conductive objects such as dry wooden sticks, bamboo sticks or dry cloths to make the wounded get out of the power supply as soon as possible. First responders should not directly contact the injured person to prevent themselves from being electrocuted and affecting the rescue work.

2. When the wounded are disconnected from the power supply, the whole body condition of the wounded should be checked immediately, especially the breathing and heartbeat, and when the breathing and heartbeat are stopped, they should be rescued on the spot immediately.

1) Mild symptoms: that is, those who are conscious, breathing and heartbeat are autonomous, the wounded lie flat on the spot, closely observe, do not stand or walk around for the time being, to prevent secondary shock or heart failure.

2) If the breathing stops and the heart beats exists, lie flat on the spot and unbutton the clothes, unblock the airway, immediately mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, and if possible, tracheal intubation, pressurized oxygen artificial respiration. It can also be acupuncture acupuncture, Shixuan, Yongquan and other acupoints, or give respiratory stimulants (such as shanstem arteine, caffeine, coramine).

3) If the cardiac arrest and breathing are present, chest compressions should be performed immediately.

4) If the breathing and heartbeat are stopped, chest compressions should be performed at the same time as artificial respiration to establish breathing and circulation, and restore oxygen to the organs of the whole body**. It is best to perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest compressions on two people at the scene in a ratio of 1:5, that is, 1 artificial respiration and 5 cardiac compressions.

If there is only one person rescued at the scene, chest compressions and artificial respiration are carried out in a ratio of 15:2, that is, chest compressions are performed 15 times first, and then mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration is carried out twice, and so on, and the rescue must be carried out to the end.

5) When dealing with electrical injuries, attention should be paid to whether there are other injuries. If it bounces off the power supply or falls from a high altitude after an electric shock, it is often complicated by head trauma, hemopneumothorax, internal organ rupture, limb and pelvic fractures, etc. If there are trauma and burns, they need to be treated at the same time.

6) During the on-site rescue, do not move the wounded at will, and if it is really necessary to move, the rescue interruption time should not exceed 30 seconds. When the casualty is moved or sent to the hospital, in addition to lying on a stretcher and a flat and hard wooden board on the back, the casualty should continue to be rescued, and the person with cardiac and respiratory arrest should continue to have artificial respiration and chest compressions, and the treatment cannot be stopped until the hospital medical staff take over.

Correct Rescue Method:

1. Turn off the main power supply, pull the knife switch or unplug the melter.

2. If it is an electric shock caused by household appliances, you can pull out the plug.

3. Use electrician's pliers with insulating handles to cut off the wires.

4. Use insulating material to pull the electrocuted person from the charged body.

When you see someone electrocuted, don't panic, you need to respond calmly. First, separate the person from the power source, and then give first aid depending on the situation. The shorter the first aid is administered, the greater the probability of being saved.

When the electrocuted person is disconnected from the power supply, if he is conscious, let him rest quietly; If the burns are severe, you should be taken to the hospital for treatment. If the person is unconscious, but still has a heartbeat and breathing, the person should be placed on his back and undressed to facilitate breathing; The surrounding air should be circulated, closely observed, and a doctor should be called in quickly for diagnosis or examination**. If the person is electrocuted and his or her heart stops beating temporarily, but is not really dead, rescue breaths and chest compressions are given promptly.