The term Measure of Understanding All Things is used to interpret the rational thought that prevai

With the theme of "Understanding the Dimensions of All Things?"

Protagoras of the ancient Greek school of sages proposed that "man is the measure of all things".

Meaning: The existence or non-existence of all things, the form and nature of things all depend on human feelings.

Affirm and emphasize the value of human beings, and place them at the center of the world and society. It is the first awakening of human self-consciousness under the rule of primitive religion and nature, and it is the abuse of the Western humanistic spirit.

The emphasis on the status and role of the human person is the first embodiment of the spirit of humanism, which also brings to mind the role of ideological enlightenment and emancipation.

Provide a value standard positioning for the Renaissance.

Negative) overemphasizes people's subjective feelings and denies the objective criteria of the world.

School of the Sophists: 1) Background: The Greek city-states were highly developed in democratic politics, rich in civil social life, and active in thought.

2) Views and representatives: The Sophists school focused on understanding society, advocated the spirit of skepticism, opposed superstition, and emphasized the value and decisive role of human beings, all of which constituted the spiritual connotation of ancient Greek humanism. The representative figure is Protagra - "man is the measure of all things".

3) Evaluation: It emphasizes the significance of human beings as the subject of understanding objective things, denies the role of supernatural forces in social life, and establishes human dignity.

Overemphasizing the subjective feelings of individuals and ignoring the commonality of people's cognition opens the door to subjective arbitrariness and extreme individualism.

b Man is the measure of all things" emphasizes the value of people and the decisive role of man, which is the main point of view of the ancient Greek school of wisdom, and Protago hail accompanies Oakra is the representative of the school of wisdom, and the other three are not, so item b is chosen.

b. Protagoras.

1. The ancient Greek philosopher Tagores said: "Man is the measure of all things, the scale of the existence of things that exist, and the measure of the non-existence of things that do not exist." "It is believed that the existence of things is relative to the senses of people, and that things are what they are.

The existence, nature and form of all things are relative, and completely depend on people's subjective feelings.

2. From this, it is concluded"Knowledge is feeling", which advocates that knowledge can be acquired only with the help of sense. Protagoras sees sensation as the criterion of truth, with elements of subjective idealism. But it is not to deny the objective existence of things, which is different from the subjective idealism typical of later years.

Man is the measure of all things", which of the following philosophers said it?

a.Socrates.

b.Plato.

c.Aristotle.

d.Protagoras.

Correct answer: d

The most important philosophical quote handed down by Protagorarius is in On Truth: "Man is the measure of all things, all things exist when they exist, and all things do not exist when they do not exist." When he says people, he means people's feelings.

What a thing is, should be based on the human feeling. A thing is what it is presented to your senses to you, and to me it is what it is presented to my senses. When a gust of wind blows, and you feel cold, it is cold; I feel hot, it's hot.

The wind itself doesn't matter whether it's hot or cold. In the same way, whether a person's behavior is good or bad is also based on the person's feelings. If you think it's good, it's good; I think it's bad, it's bad.

It doesn't matter if the behavior itself is good or bad.

This philosophical quote of Protagoras had an iconoclastic meaning at the time. In Greece at that time, the traditional concept was that God was the measure of all things; Whether things exist or not, whether they are good or bad, is determined by God. Protagoras's substitution of man for God after doubting the existence of God is undoubtedly of great significance in the history of Greek philosophy.

However, it seems to us today that this statement is incorrect, because the existence and nature of objective things do not depend on whether people feel them or how they change or not. He regards the nature of things, such as hot and cold, as the product of subjective feelings, and denies the objectivity of the nature of things, which makes it easy to fall into subjective idealism.

Chung's Chicken Soup: People are the measure of all things.

b. Question Analysis: This question examines the differences between two "humanistic thoughts" of the ancient Greek contemporaries. Socrates emphasized that "knowledge is virtue", so he advocated that "the thinking man is the measure of all things".

Protegra's "man is the measure of all things" only emphasizes man's natural belonging and natural desires, and the similarities between the two are both denying the role of God, so item A is wrong. At the same time, neither reflects the issue of the supremacy of law, so item c is wrong, and item D is obviously wrong. Therefore, item B is chosen.