Example 15 of the Winter Food Festival, the origin of the Cold Food Festival

The Cold Food Festival is also known as the Fire Prohibition Festival, and the most common saying is to commemorate Jie Zitui.

Legend has it that Duke Wen of Jin was in exile for 19 years, and Jie Zitui followed through hardships and stripped meat from his leg to satisfy Chong'er's hunger. After Duke Wen of Jin returned to China and ascended the throne, he rewarded all those who followed him in times of trouble, but he forgot about Jie Zitui. Later, I found out that the lead had already happened, and I regretted it.

However, Jie Zitui was unwilling to be an official, and lived in seclusion with his mother in Mianshan (now southeast of Jiexiu County, Shanxi).

Jin Wengong personally went to Mianshan to look for it, but Jie Zitui refused to go out of the mountain. Jin Wengong wanted to set fire to the mountain to force him to come out and accept the reward, but he didn't know that the fire burned for three days, and Jie Zitui hugged the tree and was burned to death. Jin Wengong had mixed feelings, and in order to commemorate him, he ordered that cooking on this day every year was forbidden, and only cold song and stirring food could be eaten.

Tang Luxiang wrote a poem "Song of Cold Food", the poem Yun: "Zi Tui said to escape the world, the mountain fire burned himself, the four seas eat the same cold, and the thousand autumns are one person." The Han Dynasty designated this day as the "No Smoking Festival", stipulating that each family could not hold a fire, but could only light a fire and candles in the palace at night, and then pass the fire to the family of the nobles.

The Cold Food Festival originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Jie Zitui was burned in Jiexiu Mianshan. Duke Wen of Jin ordered the prohibition of fire and cold food on the day of Zitui's taboo, and sent condolences with cold food. By the Tang Dynasty, it had formed a national statutory festival, and later merged with the Qingming Festival, which was the earliest festival in traditional Chinese festivals.

In ancient times, people revered the integrity of Jie Zi Tui very much"Eat cold and ban fire"The custom has been passed down by the later **, forming a special commemorative festival of the Cold Food Festival. Experts said that the cold food festival is the day before the Qingming Festival, the ancients often continue the activities of the cold food festival to the Qingming Festival, and over time, people will combine the cold food and the Qingming Festival.

During the Cold Food Festival, there are tomb sweeping, non-smoking, ancestor worship, cold food, willow planting, stepping on the green, juju, tree planting, swinging, flower appreciation, cockfighting, feasting, poetry, etc. Many activities such as feasting, flower appreciation, cockfighting, carving chickens, pulling hooks (tug-of-war), drilling wood for fire, flying kites, fighting for hundreds of grasses, throwing rocks (eliminating the world of tile and stone tools) and many other activities have greatly enriched the social life of ancient China.

Cultural significance

The Cold Food Festival is a festival set up by the Duke of Wen of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period to commemorate Jie Zitui, which has a history of 2640 years. It has continued through various dynasties and has never stopped. Although it has been banned many times by Zhou Ju of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Later Zhao Shile, and Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it has been repeatedly banned and prospered, and the customs of cold food have spread throughout the country and penetrated into the hearts of the people.

Tang Xuanzong conformed to the public opinion, issued an edict to tease Zheng to compile the cold food festival to sweep the tomb into the "Kaiyuan Ceremony", and set it as the national statutory long holiday, rich and diverse cold food activities, enriched social life, enhanced the social Shanqiao Song interpersonal harmonious relationship, to alleviate social contradictions, promote the society to continue to move forward played an important role.

The political aspirations of the country and the people, loyalty and patriotism, clarity and honesty and the dedication spirit of "merit without words" and retirement are the ethical norms of ancient society, the bond of social stability and national unity, and still have important practical significance.

The connotation of loyalty and filial piety as the core of cold food culture and the integrity extended from loyalty and filial piety are the essence of the spirit of meson, the core of the traditional morality of the Chinese nation, the foundation of the ancestral culture of the nation, and the moral force to maintain the unity of the nation and family.

Nowadays, it is an important activity mode and spiritual concept to gather the hearts of the people, condense the soul of the country, realize the peaceful reunification of the motherland, and build a harmonious society. The political clarity pursued by Jie Zitui is the unanimous aspiration of the broad masses of the people for thousands of years, and it is of far-reaching practical significance for the construction of democratic politics in contemporary times.

The origin of the Cold Food Festival is to commemorate the meson-tui in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Cold Noise Bird Food Festival is the only festival named after the eating habits of traditional Chinese festivals. It is 105 days after the winter solstice every year, the day before the Qingming Festival, the ancient silver cold food festival should ban smoking and fire, and only go to the cave to eat cold food.