What is the composition of human machine systems and what is the classification of human machine sys

The basic components of a computer system.

Classification of human-machine systems:According to the way of man-machine connection, the man-machine system can be divided into series man-machine system and parallel man-machine system. Human-machine chain connection, either side of the man and machine stop activity or malfunction, the whole system will be interrupted, such as the driver driving.

Parallel man-machine system, man-machine parallel, the two can be replaced by each other.

The human-machine system can also be distinguished between a closed-loop system and an open-loop system. The difference between the two lies in whether people can understand the results of the system's activities, that is, whether there is a so-called feedback on the results. There is a coarse feedback loop of information in a closed-loop human-machine system.

Pilots flying airplanes are an example of a closed-loop human-machine system. Open-loop human-machine systems do not have information feedback loops, and human-machine systems generally adopt closed-loop design.

Stool stall.

The role of man in the human-machine system:Human-machine systems can be divided into three categories according to the characteristics of human beings in the system, namely, hand-controlled man-machine systems, machine-controlled man-machine systems and automated man-machine systems. The hand-controlled man-machine system uses manpower as the power source, and the machine is directly driven by manpower to work, so in the hand-controlled system, the activities and functions of people are mainly physical.

The machine-controlled man-machine system is powered by electrical energy, chemical energy, etc., and in this system, people mainly rely on the display to understand the machine. The efficiency and quality of work of the system depend more on the performance characteristics of the machine and the matching of people's information processing ability. In an automated human-machine system, the machine itself is a closed-loop system, which can automatically realize functions including information reception, processing and execution.

Human intervention is only required when the machine breaks down or when the program of the machine's work needs to be changed, also known as a monitored human-machine system.

The human-machine function assignment is as follows:

the performance, characteristics, load capacity, potential capacity and various limits of man and machine; the selection conditions and training time required for people to adapt to the machine; individual and group differences in people; differences and comparisons in the ability of humans and machines to respond to stress in sudden events; The effect of replacing people with machines, as well as the comparative analysis of feasibility, reliability, economy, etc. The above table lists the comparison of the characteristics of humans and machines in terms of perception ability, control ability, work efficiency, information processing, work reliability and work durability.

Human-machine systems can be simple and complex. Simple human-machine systems, such as saws for woodworking; Complex such as flying an airplane. A complex human-machine system often contains many individual ergonomic systems.

The man-machine system can also be divided into open-loop system and closed-loop system. In the closed-loop man-machine system, people can further adjust and control the work of the machine according to the feedback information of the machine's work; Open-loop human-machine systems cannot. Closed-loop systems tend to be more efficient than open-loop systems.

Human-machine system design is often a closed-loop system. In addition, human-machine systems can be divided into three types: manual systems, mechanical systems, and automatic systems. The manual system consists of hand tools and people, who are direct laborers; The mechanical system consists of a semi-automated machine and a person, who is the controller of the machine; An automatic system consists of a fully automatic machine and a human being, often with a computer or intelligent device that can work automatically, and the human being is the monitor of the system.