How to save yourself in distress when mountaineering, and how to rescue a plateau coma when mountain

When self-braking fails, when a climber falls without self-braking protection, or when a member of a rope-bound team falls into a gap during an ice trip, the climber must save himself, i.e. use an ice axe to stop the slide. Self-rescue is the only chance an unleashed climber has to stop the descent. Therefore, it is also the number one important snow climbing technique that must be learned.

The lives of the climber and his teammates depend largely on his self-rescue skills. Every climber must be proficient and reliable in self-rescue in various postures. It is possible to practice on steeper, harder and harder snow (with safe drop zones) to determine the limits of each individual.

Grasp the head of the ice axe with one hand, the thumb on the tail of the pickaxe, and the other fingers on the pickaxe blade to save the grip; The other hand holds the position above the tip of the handle of the ice axe. Clench both hands. The pickaxe blade is pressed into the hill above the shoulder, and the handle of the ice axe is diagonally diagonally across the chest, clenched against the other hip.

The handle of the ice axe is held in the same position for a short time, although the tip of the handle of the ice axe does not reach the chest and shoulders of the other hip and presses the handle tightly, and the spine arches slightly from the snow. The arch of the back is crucial: it places the climber's weight on the pickaxe and toes (or knees), the points where the pickaxe is cut into the snow to achieve control, and the best way to form a bow is to concentrate on the end of the pickaxe handle, which is more difficult with a shorter handle.

This pull creates a bow shape and shifts the weight towards the shoulders on the pickaxe's side. Note: Those who are reluctant to submerge their chest and face into the snow may arch their backs too high.

Keep your legs straight and spread apart, and dig your toes into the snow (if you wear spikes, keep your toes off the snow until you almost stop at the end).

Hold on to the ice axe. Holding the head of the ice axe causes the blade to be next to the shoulders and neck. The other hand must be close to the end of the handle to prevent the tip of the handle from pivoting to the thigh and causing serious injury.

Especially on soft snow, straightening your legs apart and digging your toes into the snow increases resistance and stability, and when wearing spikes on hard snow or ice, your feet must be lifted off the hill until the speed slows down, so that the spikes do not stop the climber and throw him backwards. The knees help the slider stay stable, but they don't stop him on hard snow or ice, especially if he happens to be wearing sleek windbreaker pants.

The first thing is to be calm and not in a hurry. The second is to observe the environment around your position to see if there are terrain and objects that can be used, and if there is, you should try to use it as much as possible to get yourself out of danger as soon as possible. The third is to call the police for help, when asking for help, according to the surrounding situation they have observed, try to make their exact location clear, and try to maintain their physical strength, in the process of waiting for rescue, in order to keep themselves awake, you can recall some pleasant or interesting past.

Fourth, it is necessary to see the right time to ask passers-by for help.

1.Find a way to get back to the original route. Even if you've reached the bottom and you're tired, grit your teeth and climb up, don't be lazy, and don't try other routes by chance.

2.If you can't find the mountain that used to have a tourist trail, try to find a small stream and follow the direction of the stream, which will lead you out sooner or later. If you encounter a waterfall, you should also find a way to bypass the waterfall and continue along the stream.

3.If there is no stream in the mountain, what you should do is still find a way to climb a higher hill. According to the sun or distant references, such as villages, reservoirs, roads, etc., identify the general direction and direction of the dismantling, select a target hill with a suitable distance and easy to identify in this direction, and move towards the target hill.

4.If there are many people, you can consider splitting the people into two closed groups. One group stayed at the top of the hill where it was, while the other group descended and headed for the hill in another chosen direction.

Those who descend the mountain should often turn back and ask those left behind at the top of the mountain for their opinion on the direction of their progress. If they deviate from the correct direction, the person at the top of the mountain should use their voice or gesture to remind them to correct the mistake. Use this relay to command the brigade to cross and advance in the same place, so as not to circle in the valley.

5.If you are climbing a mountain, then the only thing you can do is to identify the direction and move forward, keep looking up at the hill you originally selected, and believe that you will definitely get out of danger and get out of the mountain.

Once the onset of high-altitude coma is very critical, it should be rescued immediately on the spot, and those who can be transferred to a lower altitude area without interruption** if conditions permit. At present, the commonly used rescue measures are: after the quarrel.

1) Oxygen inhalation: continuous pressurized oxygen is given, the oxygen flow rate is 2-4 liters, and severe patients can be intermittently increased to 4-6 liters until the patients are awake. If the coma is severe and the patient has respiratory failure, positive pressure oxygen and assisted breathing can be given to a ventilator.

2) Low temperature**: Use ice water bags to place in the patient's head, neck, armpits, groin and other large blood vessels to reduce the body temperature below normal, which can reduce the body's oxygen consumption and protect the hypoxic brain tissue.

3) Application of dehydrating agent: Dehydrating agent can reduce cerebral edema, reduce intracranial pressure, and improve cerebral circulation.

Commonly used medications: Dexamethasone.

20% mannitol and 25% sorbitol, the two drugs have the same effect.

Diuretic. 4) Drugs that promote brain cell metabolism: Brain cells are hypoxic, resulting in insufficient energy in brain tissue, resulting in damage to the brain group crypto orange weaving, so ATP, coenzyme A, cytochrome C and other drugs that promote brain cell metabolism can be used.

5) Control and prevention of infection: 1-2 kinds of antimicrobial drugs can be selected according to the condition.

First of all, let the unconscious person lie flat on a flat ground to ensure air circulation.

Oxygen comes first, and attention is paid to maintaining body temperature.