The influence of topography and climate on the Ob River

Reading the map analysis, it can be seen that: (1) The climate of Asia is characterized by complex and diverse climates, with a significant monsoon climate and a wide continental climate area In Asia, the central part is high and the surrounding areas are low, so the topography from A to B is characterized by a gradual decrease from A to B (2) In Asia, the climate type.

In the distribution map, the temperature in C is lower than that in D, and the reason is that the altitude of C is higher than that of the Ob River in Russia.

The main stream of water is abundant, the water flow is relatively stable, the freezing period is long, and the phenomenon of flooding occurs from time to time The reason is that the topography of the Ob River is flat, so the water flow is stable Because the climate of the Ob River flows through the area, the ice period is long Many large rivers in Asia have fast flow speed and many canyons in the upper reaches of the mountainous areas, and the downstream flow rate is slow and plain This phenomenon shows that the erosion of rivers has a shaping effect on the topography (3) Topography affects the climate characteristics, climate and topography affect the characteristics of rivers, and the flow direction of rivers is related to topography It can be seen that the characteristics of rivers are deeply affected by topography and climate For example, the vast area of Asia and the topography of ** high and low around have formed many large rivers in Asia These large rivers generally originate in the mountains and plateaus in the central part of Asia and diverge to the surrounding areas There are few rivers and small water volumes in western Asia, which are closely related to the arid climate there Therefore, the answer is: (1) The climate is complex and diverse, with a significant monsoon climate and a strong continental climate; From A to B, the terrain gradually decreases; (2) The elevation of C is higher than that of D; The terrain is flat, so the water flow is smooth; The high latitude of the area through which it flows is cold, so the ice period is long; erosion of rivers; （3） ．

The main stream of the Ob River has abundant water, the water flow is relatively stable, the freezing period is long, and the phenomenon of flooding occurs from time to time The reason is that the topography of the Ob River is flat, so the water flow is stable Due to the cold climate of the area through which the Ob River flows, the ice period is long Many large rivers in Asia have a fast flow rate in the upper reaches of the mountainous areas, and there are many canyons, and the downstream flow is slow and plains This phenomenon shows that the erosion of rivers has a shaping effect on the topography.

The Ob River is the third largest river in Russia and one of the Arctic Ocean water systems, with a vast basin area of 5,410 km. The runoff season of the Obika Jingbi River has obvious characteristics, which can be divided into two different periods: winter and summer.

In winter, due to the low temperature in the area where the Ob River is located, the river water will freeze, causing its water level to drop or even dry up. With the arrival of spring, the temperature gradually rises, the snow melts more, the river begins to flow back, and the Ob River basin begins to experience extreme flooding.

In summer, the trembling runoff of the Ob River reaches its highest peak of the year, and June and July are the most typical flood seasons in the Ob River Basin. At this time, the riparian area is submerged, and the river even overflows into the surrounding plains.

In summary, the seasonal characteristics of the Ob River runoff are mainly the phenomenon of obvious winter drought and summer flood, which is also closely related to the typical climate environment of the region.

The Ob River is located between Hunan Province and Guangdong Province in China, and its topography has a significant impact on the Ob River. Here's a closer look:

1.The upper reaches of the Ob River are mountainous and valley-topped, so the water flow is turbulent and fast. In this area, the Ob River is turbulent, creating a number of beautiful waterfall landscapes.

2.The middle reaches of the Ob River belong to the plain area, where the land and rivers are gentle and the water flow is relatively stable. The terrain is flat and the soil is fertile, which is suitable for agricultural development.

3.The lower reaches of the Ob River have been changed to hilly terrain, with undulating mountains and steep river slopes and accelerated flow speed. The river here is more powerful and prone to flooding.

4.The Xiangxi region of Hunan Province is an important water source of the Ob River, with its high terrain and sufficient water sources, thus ensuring the continuous water volume of the Ob River.

In general, the topography of the Ob River has an important impact on its early water flow, water quantity, water quality, etc., and also provides strong support for the development of local tourism and agriculture.

The Ob River mainly flows through the plain terrain, with slow flow rate, sediment deposits, and small sediment content.

The river flows from south to north; outflow rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean; The process is long; long ice period; There is a phenomenon of flooding; It is an international river. The latitude position is relatively low, and the thermal conditions are relatively superior; Affected by ocean currents, there is more precipitation; Located in a plain, flat terrain (fertile soil); Close to the river with irrigation water.

The Congo River flows through tropical rainforest areas, with large runoff, no significant changes in water level, low sediment content, and no ice periods. The Congo River has a large and stable flow all year round, and has the hydrological characteristics of rivers in typical equatorial rainy regions. Reason:

The Congo River has many tributaries and a dense river network, and the main stream bypasses the fringe of the Congo Basin, forming a large arc that protrudes northward, and crosses the equator twice, and many tributaries with abundant water flow in from both sides of the equator.

Located in the north, it has a long ice period.

In the mountainous part of the Ob River Basin, the river network is the most developed. The most abundant tributaries of the Ob River originate in the mountains of Altai, Kuznets, Alatau and Salaire, with average runoff modulus of cubic meters (seconds per square kilometer). The average annual runoff of the Ob River is 385 billion cubic meters.

More than 95% of the water flowing in the Lena River comes from snowmelt and rainfall; It is mainly recharged by ice and snow meltwater, and the rest of the annual flow comes mostly from groundwater. Torrential floods in summer, especially flash floods, and very small flows in winter, characterize the basin. When the river freezes to the bottom, the river can be completely cut off.

The water level is high in the spring flood and flooding in the summer. The river runoff is mainly supplied by ice and snow meltwater, followed by rainwater. It is mainly the spring flood, followed by the flood season.

The flow is minimal in winter. The ice period lasts for 8 months (late September and early June). Drift ice during the spring flood season often blocks the riverbed, causing the river level to rise and cause disasters.

The estuary has an average annual flow of 16,400 cubic metres (579,000 cubic feet per second). The maximum flow rate is more than 118,923 cubic meters of seconds (4,200,000 cubic feet of seconds) and the minimum flow is as low as 1,104 cubic meters of seconds (39,000 cubic feet of seconds). The total annual flow is close to 417 billion cubic meters (100 cubic miles), and the annual inflow of sea water is 488 cubic kilometers.

During periods of high water, the water level rises by an average of 9 15 metres (30 50 ft) and can reach 18 metres (60 ft) in the lower reaches of the channel.

1. The outflow river flowing from south to north and flowing into the Arctic Ocean has a long flow, a long ice period, and a flood phenomenon, which is an international river.

2. The latitude position is relatively low, and the thermal conditions are superior.

3. Affected by ocean airflow, there is more precipitation.

4. It is located in the plain, and the terrain is flat (the soil is fertile).

5. Close to the river, there is an irrigation water source.

Surrounding climate: Since the Ob River basin is located in the Western Siberian region of Russia, away from the Atlantic Ocean, and close to Eastern Siberia, the climate of the basin is typically continental. Winters are cold and long, with average temperatures below -20 in January.

Summers are warm, with an average temperature of 22 in July in the south; In the north, the average temperature in July is only around 9-10 due to the decrease in the radiant heat of sunlight.

The average temperature difference between the coldest and hottest months is 30 -35 in the north. In the south it is 40 -45. The Ob River basin has a long ice period, often lasting 4-6 months in forested areas such as the Keti, Vashogan and Tobol rivers, and the ice is as thick as a meter in the lower reaches and many tributaries are frozen to the end.

There is a 5-15 consecutive day of autumn drift ice before the freeze. Downstream, spring drift ice often coincides with large ice jams.