Why is Miao culture a wordless history book?

Among all the ethnic groups in the world, there may be only one Miao people, although they do not have their own writing, but only with a strong sense of national identity, relying on oral transmission from generation to generation, the stories that have been passed down for thousands of years, the cities where the ancestors lived, and the routes of migration and wandering are meticulously integrated into the sacrificial ceremonies, and also embroidered into the clothes and clothing, and the generations "wear" and never forget.

When Miao women were not familiar with the world, they had already followed the adults to plant hemp, spin, weave, dye cloth, and learn to thread needles and threads, pick flowers and embroidery, and they had to sew the clothes they needed to wear for life before leaving the boudoir. Ordinary Miao women, while completing pieces of embroidery and sewing clothes, also intentionally or unintentionally, added a slight and clear stroke to the unique "wordless history book" in this world, and the helpless and glorious spiritual journey of the Miao people to return to their hometown has also taken a small step forward.

The wordless history book "Miao embroidery."

Miao embroidery is an art created by the Miao people with diligence and wisdom, which can be called the "wordless history book", which contains cultural content that can reflect the history and change process of the Miao people, and has a very high cultural taste. Due to the influence of many factors such as different social history, natural geography, religious beliefs and customs, people's aesthetic concepts and aesthetic tastes are different, so the style of making embroidery is also different. As far as clothing is concerned (the costumes are different, and the embroidery patterns are also different), Taijiang Miao costumes can be divided into nine different categories, such as square you type, square correction type, square south type, square Weng type, square white type, Fang Xiu type, Weng Mang type and whistle type.

Embroidery techniques mainly include flat embroidery, giving practice, argument embroidery, winding embroidery, broken thread embroidery, lock embroidery, twisted embroidery, horsetail embroidery and so on. There are observations and feelings about natural things, not only drafting, but also embroidering; There are patterns drawn on the cloth and then embroidered; There is a cut-out paste for embroidery. The embroidery pattern is mostly exaggerated and decent, with a unique style, birds, animals, flowers, birds, fish and insects.

Among them, dragons, fish, butterflies, centipedes, bats and other patterns are the most extensive.

Miao embroidery is different from Hunan embroidery, Shu embroidery, Suzhou embroidery, it has a strong national style; to compose beautifully and exaggeratedly; The shape is unique and rich in color, and the people are famous all over the world.

Before the Miao girls got married, they had to embroider a set of dowries by hand. It generally takes three to five years from embroidery to completion, and each embroidery is completed, all of which penetrate the girl's hard work. Thanks to the master's dexterity and skill, Miao girls can also win people's praise, love and pursuit.

Because the Miao people do not have their own writing, so they can only pass on through their own oral characters, and the Miao people are very smart, and the things they make are very special, so it also gives outsiders the opportunity to understand, and at the same time adds a sense of mystery while not knowing much, so I will digress, you look at it.

In addition to the oral inheritance of culture by the Miao people, the main way is embroidery, embroidery reflects the uniqueness of the Miao culture, the Miao people through embroidery, there are many special symbols used to record history, record religion, record social life, politics, economic activities. Therefore, Miao culture is a wordless history book.

The Hmong have always been known as one"A people without a written language"In fact, the Miao people do not have their own writing, but the Miao people will also learn from the communication methods of other ethnic groups, but at the very beginning, they did not form their own writing, but they will also have marks on their own clothing and accessories, fundamentally speaking, it is actually a step forward in the development of writing, and the Miao people have their own national characteristics, they prefer to make some marks on their silver jewelry and clothing, so this is also a carrier of information.

The first reason is that the silver jewelry of the Miao people is actually the best interpretation of their nation, in fact, its artistic value is also comparable to the text, so at this time it actually represents the cultural attitude of the Miao people. Moreover, the Miao people actually had their own writing at the beginning, and it actually returned to the original development trend with the passage of time and war. Therefore, whether it is the development of culture or the development of political rule, a certain economic foundation is required, so war also affects the development of writing.

The second reason is that, according to the records of the time, the Miao script suffered from war after it appeared, and in order to reduce the number of people who were threatened or exposed to the news, the script disappeared. Even if the Miao people do not have their own national script, on the whole, this may be more suitable for the unification of the whole country and the integration of the 56 nationalities, so this is not necessarily a bad thing.

The third reason is that the Miao are one"A people without a written language", but they are enough to use their own clothing characteristics and silver jewelry characteristics to represent their own nation, so the characteristics of the Miao nationality are not lost in the 56 ethnic groups, but are a strong stroke in the 5,000-year history of China. Therefore, the characteristics of each nation are irreplaceable.

It is said that it was lost in the war, the ancestors of the Miao people were forced to break through to the southwest when they fought with the Han people in ancient times, because they fled in a hurry and did not bring anything with them, plus the educated elderly people were killed because they ran slowly, and then they were surrounded several times on the road and broke through several times, especially in the battle of Dongting Lake, the Miao book was completely lost, resulting in the loss of the text

Who said that the Hmong have no writing? Now these words are evolved from the ancient Miao characters, more correct understanding of the history of the Miao people, the Miao people were defeated and moved south, the Han forces in order not to let the Miao people rise again, prohibiting the Miao people from using words, so hundreds of years have passed, the Miao people have completely lost their own words, and they have become more backward.

One is that the words have not been left for a long time, and the other is that murals or pictures are prevalent in their area, and the other is to rely on singing and communicating with songs.

The history of China can only be understood through the description of words. How did the Hmong complete the description thousands of years ago? Text, as a carrier of recorded information, cannot carry information.

As one of the effective carriers of information, many historical records are actually kept in the form of **. Although the Miao people did not have a written language, their own historical information was recorded in the embroidery patterns and silver ornaments of their clothes. These patterns are carriers of Miao cultural heritage and information.

Although the Miao people do not have writing, the Miao people record their historical information in the embroidery patterns of their clothes and engrave them on the silver jewelry, which is the cultural inheritance and information carrier of the Miao people. Miao silver jewelry is extremely beautiful, is the best embodiment of Miao symbolization. It can even be said that Miao silver jewelry is a work of art, not an ornament.

It's hard to imagine the wisdom of the Miao ancestors to translate their culture and history into patterns on beautiful silver jewelry.

Pee, you think about it and then say, the Miao people have no writing?

Your nation is a nation without writing.

Relying on the inheritance of pictures, the details are as follows:

1. The Miao people do not have writing, but they have pictures.

First of all, the reason why Chinese culture can be inherited is that writing plays a very important role, but do you know? The Miao people don't use writing at all, maybe you will think it's a joke, it's really not a joke, the Miao people have not used writing to record any information since ancient times. But the cultural inheritance of the Miao people has never been broken, and that is because the ancestors of the Miao people were very intelligent, and they used pictures to record.

Besides, the ancestors of the Miao people have relied on pictures to record important historical facts, such as the embroidery patterns on Miao clothes, the patterns on jewelry, etc., which are the best embodiment of Miao culture. And whether it is embroidery or silver jewelry, the patterns on it are very exquisite, it is really hard to imagine how wise the ancestors of the Miao people are, it is really amazing.

2. The legend of Miao Wen.

According to the above analysis, we all know that the culture of the Miao people relies on pictures, but it has always been rumored that the Miao people originally had Miao script. According to legend, the Miao people have always used words, but because of the defeat in the war, they had to wander around in order to escape for their lives, and they lost the Miao script in the process of wandering.

Therefore, the Miao people, who originally owned the Miao language, broke off the inheritance, but they were afraid of being exterminated, so they thought of using pictures to inherit the culture.

In addition, there is also a legend that the Miao friends provoked Qianlong and tried to subvert Qianlong's regime, but unfortunately failed in the end, and Qianlong not only cleaned up people, but also ordered Miao Wen to be burned, breaking the inheritance of the Miao people. It is also because of this that Miao Wen disappeared in the eyes of the world, and no trace can be found.

All in all, no one can be sure whether the Miao have a written language. However, there is still an endless stream of legends about Miao Wen, but the mainstream legends are still lost due to the war.

Although the Miao people do not have a written language, their culture is still continuing and inheriting, and the method of their continuation and inheritance is oral transmission and picture transmission, which is relatively primitive.

Legend has it that the Miao people had a script in ancient times, which may have the same origin as Chinese characters, but they were later lost, and these legends are now difficult to verify. Miao folk literature is mainly inherited and developed by folk oral.

Miao costumes are a kind of cultural carrier, even if there is no text, the embroidery patterns on the costumes are also telling the culture of the Miao people.

China is a multi-ethnic country, in addition to the Han nationality, there are many other ethnic minorities, each with its own characteristics and culture. The Miao are also a very distinctive ethnic group among the ethnic minorities. But many people will have such a question, how do the Miao people inherit their culture without their own writing, and why do the 8 Miao people who continue to this day maintain their own cultural characteristics?

How do they do it? Let's take a look.

First of all, I think there are many carriers of cultural inheritanceIn addition to writing, literary classics, traditional costumes, traditional festivals or historical and civilized monuments that have been handed down to this day are all carriers of cultural inheritance, so the Miao people can still carry out cultural inheritance without their own writing.

There are actually many ways and carriers for the inheritance of Miao cultureWe have all seen in daily life or in TV dramas that the Miao people have their own traditional costumes and unique patterns and ways of wearing. And the Miao people also have their own traditional festivals, such as the Miao Year, April 8th Festival, Eat New Festival and other traditional festivals, in the process of the festival, people will sing and dance, or carry out other characteristic celebrations. In addition, the Miao people also have a lot of traditional cuisine.

It has a unique meaning that is rich in food. The Miao people also have their own unique architectural styles and unique cultural monuments, which have helped to inherit the culture. Therefore, from this point of view, writing is not the only carrier of cultural inheritance, and in the absence of writing, cultural inheritance, cultural dissemination and exchange can still be carried out according to other ways.

But as far as I know, the Miao people used to have their own script, and gradually, in the long course of history, due to some special factors, it may gradually be lost. However, the Miao people still have their own characteristic language, although the written language has been lost, but there is still their own language.

Civilization code: The Miao people have no written language, and for thousands of years, culture has been passed on by word of mouth.

If a nation without its own written language wants to inherit its national culture, it can only rely on oral transmission or from generation to generation, as long as the nation does not perish, their national culture can also be passed on.

Mainly relying on oral literature (ancient Miao songs) and most importantly their Miao embroidery, you can also go to the Guizhou Ethnic Folk Museum in Guiyang City.

Who said no.

The Miao people have their own language and their own script, using the old Miao script, the Qiandong Miao script, the Xiangxi Miao script, the Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao script, and the northeast Yunnan Miao script (the last four are newly created).

In the 50s of the 20th century, China organized linguistic experts and ethnic minority intellectuals to formulate four scripts for different dialects of the Miao language, namely, Qiandong Miao, Xiangxi Miao, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan Miao, and Northeast Yunnan Miao, which were aimed at promoting and developing Miao culture.

The Miao people mainly live in the southeastern part of Guizhou Province, the Damiao Mountains of Guangxi, Hainan Island and the border areas of Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces and regions. In ancient Chinese classics, there have long been records about the ancestors of the Miao people more than 5,000 years ago, which are the clans and tribes known as Nanban from the Yellow River basin to the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The Miao people have migrated many times in history, and the general route is from the Yellow River basin to Hunan (Hunan), to Guizhou (Guizhou), and to Yunnan (Yunnan).

The Miao people have their own language, which belongs to the Miao branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Originally, there was no national script, but in the late 50s of the 20th century, a Latinized pinyin script was created. Nowadays, most people use Chinese.

In the past, the Miao people believed in animism, worshiped nature, and worshiped their ancestors. The Drum Festival is the largest sacrificial activity of the Miao people. Generally, it is a small sacrifice in seven years and a major sacrifice in thirteen years.

It is held on the Yihai day from October to November of the lunar calendar, when a bull is killed, the reed sheng dance is danced, and the ancestors are sacrificed. Invite relatives and friends to gather together during the meal in order to enhance the relationship and family harmony. The ** dance of the Miao nationality has a long history, and the reed sheng dance loved by the masses is very skilled.

Miao people's flower picking, embroidery, brocade, batik, jewelry making and other arts and crafts are magnificent and colorful, and enjoy a good reputation in the world. There are many Miao festivals, and the more solemn festivals have Miao Year and April.

8. Dragon Boat Festival, etc.