How do merchants price their products?

The cost of purchase, freight, and the pricing of other merchants in the market, as well as the external reasons, must be enough

Consider the needs of the market, and then combine your actual environment and surrounding factors. Make the final pricing.

Appearance, practicality, quality, consumer group.

Product pricing generally adheres to the following three principles:

1. Cost-plus pricing.

Historically, cost-plus has been the most commonly used pricing method. This pricing method takes the cost of each product plus a reasonable amount of profit as the ** of that product.

The basic logic of cost-plus pricing is: First, determine how much the product will sell. Then, calculate the unit cost and profit target of the product, and then determine the product's **.

The value of advertising inventory is often not directly related to the production cost of TV programs, at least not directly, so the development of TV commercials** generally does not focus on this principle.

2. Customer-oriented pricing (value-oriented pricing).

Customer-oriented pricing is also called value-oriented pricing, that is, the formulation of ** is based on the value of the product and market demand. Customer demand and the value of advertising resources are important factors in determining TV advertising**, so customer-oriented pricing (value-based pricing) is one of the main principles on which TV advertising pricing is based.

In other industries, many companies are now aware of the limitations of cost-based pricing and its negative effects on corporate profitability and that pricing should reflect market conditions. As a result, they began to shift pricing power from the finance manager to the sales manager or product manager. Theoretically, this trend is consistent with the value pricing method.

Because the marketing department is the department in the company that best understands the customer's evaluation of the value of the product. However, in practice, if pricing power is abused in pursuit of short-term sales goals, it can ultimately hurt a company's long-term profitability.

The purpose of value-based pricing is not simply to seek customer satisfaction. In fact, customer satisfaction can often be achieved through a certain discount. However, if a marketer thinks that maximum sales mean business success, they are fooling themselves.

The purpose of value-based pricing is to achieve higher profitability by capturing higher product value. And that doesn't mean you have to expand sales. Once a marketer conflates the above two goals, he falls into the trap of pricing by how much the customer is willing to pay rather than by how much the product is really worth to the customer.

While this pricing can achieve sales targets, it can hurt the company's profitability in the long run.

3. Competition-oriented pricing.

With the development of marketing, there is a method of pricing that determines the best according to the competitive situation. In this approach, pricing is simply a means to achieve a sales target. Some managers think of this approach as "strategic pricing," but it's actually overwhelming.

A price reduction is only justified if the product is no longer in line with its value compared to its competitors.

Tell you a pricing trick to make your product buy a **.

Many friends often refer to their peers when pricing their products, but such pricing is not convincing, so how do we price our products?

Clearly marked prices are only one of the guarantees for consumers to purchase goods or services, but it does not mean that merchants can set prices at will. According to the "** Law" and other laws and regulations, merchants need to comply with the following principles when formulating **:

1.Pricing should be open, fair and reasonable: Merchants should publicize in a conspicuous position in the promotion and sale of goods or services, and at the same time, they should be fair and reasonable, and should not abuse their monopoly position or establish a monopoly.

2.Pricing should be in accordance with market rules and economic principles: businesses should be in accordance with market rules, under the supervision of regulatory agencies, in an open and fair situation, can not violate market laws and economic principles.

3.Pricing should protect the rights and interests of consumers: Merchants should treat consumers equally, set prices in an open and fair manner, and ensure that the rights and interests of consumers are not harmed.

To sum up, merchants need to comply with the provisions of laws and regulations such as the ** Law when formulating **, and strictly abide by the principles of clear pricing and fair trade, and cannot set prices arbitrarily.

For the situation that it is too high or unreasonable, consumers can complain and protect their rights to the relevant departments.

Clearly marked price is one of the regulations that merchants must comply with when selling goods, that is, clearly marked on the goods, consumers can choose to buy or not to buy according to **. However, this doesn't mean that merchants can set prices at will if they have a clear price mark. Specifically, here are a few aspects to look out for.

First of all, merchants should follow the principles of fairness, justice and reasonableness when determining the goods. Merchants cannot set prices unilaterally, but should consider multiple factors such as market demand, cost, and competition to formulate a reasonable **. If the merchant makes unreasonable pricing on the basis of the clear price, it will affect the consumer's purchase decision and will also have a negative impact on the reputation of the merchant.

Secondly, merchants should fully consider the interests of consumers when setting prices. Merchants can't just consider their own profits and ignore the actual needs and spending power of consumers. If the merchant excessively increases the product ** on the basis of the clear price, it will make consumers regret and feel dissatisfied, and even refuse to buy.

This will not only damage the reputation of the merchant, but also affect the long-term development of the merchant.

Finally, merchants should comply with relevant laws and regulations and market rules when setting prices. In China, merchants who violate the best management will be punished by law. Merchants cannot take advantage of the loopholes of clearly marking Cong Hui Price to carry out improper behavior, otherwise they will be punished by law.

To sum up, the clear price does not mean that the merchant can set the price at will. Merchants should formulate products fairly, justly and reasonably on the basis of complying with the best management laws and regulations and market rules, fully consider the actual needs and spending power of consumers, safeguard the rights and interests of consumers and the reputation of merchants, and achieve a win-win situation.

1. Accompanying market pricing method: accompanying market pricing method, that is, keeping a product of the enterprise at the average market level, and using such a product to obtain average remuneration.

2. Product differential pricing method: refers to the enterprise through different marketing efforts, so that the same kind of homogeneous products in the minds of consumers to establish a different product image, and then according to their own characteristics, the selection of lower or higher than the competitor's ** as the company's products. Therefore, product differential pricing is an offensive pricing method.

3. Sealed bidding pricing method: At home and abroad, many bulk commodities, raw materials, complete sets of equipment and construction projects are bought and sold and contracted, as well as small enterprises, etc., often use the employer's bidding and contractor's bidding to select the contractor and determine the final contract. Generally speaking, there is only one bidder and is in a relative monopoly position, while there are multiple bidders and are in a competitive position.

Of the eight dishes in Yunnan, only one meat dish sold for 528 yuan in the long street banquet has attracted widespread attention, triggering discussions on issues such as clear price marking and arbitrary pricing. On the one hand, consumers should understand the market for the goods they buy, so as to consume rationally; At the same time, businesses should also be based on the principle of good faith, rational pricing, and respect for consumers' right to choose and spending power.

From a merchant's point of view, they have every right to set their own prices. However, this does not mean that merchants can set prices as they wish, but there are some pricing principles that should be followed. For example, the selling price is determined based on the cost price, which is the cost of the goods plus a certain profit.

In addition, merchants should also consider the needs of the market and the situation, and avoid selling too high or too low.

In addition, it should also be noted that in the market, there is a situation of information asymmetry, especially in the catering industry, it is difficult to clearly define the specific cost of each commodity. At this time, the merchant may take into account the cost of the restaurant's venue and decoration, as well as the brand effect and service level of the catering industry, and calculate a relatively high selling price when setting the price. However, this practice can lead to consumer dissatisfaction with pricing, which can undermine consumer trust and loyalty to the brand.

As consumers, we should pay attention to the goods that match our consumption needs, make reasonable consumption according to the market price, and avoid unnecessary waste. If you have any reservations, ask for ** when choosing a menu, and choose a dish that is reasonable** and within the range of your own conditions. Of course, if the manufacturer or merchant has the most fraudulent behavior, consumers can also protect their rights by complaining and protecting their rights and interests.

In the context of the market economy, it is a basic principle to clearly mark the price, so as to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. However, clearly marking prices does not prevent merchants from setting prices arbitrarily. Therefore, consumers should adopt a rational attitude in the face of unreasonable goods or services, and require merchants to disclose relevant costs and reasonable plans to protect their legitimate rights and interests.

Skinning. In short, in the market economy, the clear price is a basic principle of clear code difference, and merchants should set reasonable prices in good faith and moral principles. Consumers should also start from their own needs, choose according to the market, avoid unnecessary waste, and reasonably safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Only this attitude of mutual respect and reasonable consultation can promote the healthy development of the market and society.

The Yunnan Long Street Banquet is a traditional celebration with local characteristics, and there are usually many dishes for visitors to try. However, if a dish is found to be as high as RMB 528, this may cause concern and questions from consumers. When discussing this issue, we need to consider the following aspects:

1.Pricing basis: First of all, merchants need to provide reasonable pricing basis, such as the cost of ingredients, processing costs, chef's experience and skills, etc. Only when the price is reasonable, the price will not cause consumer dissatisfaction.

2.Market competition: In a fully competitive market, businesses need to follow the rules of the market in order to provide high-quality services and attract consumers reasonably.

Consumers have full choice, and if a merchant's ** is significantly higher than the market price, the consumer may choose other more competitive merchants.

3.Transparency of information: While providing clear prices, merchants also need to ensure that consumers can clearly understand the quality and quality of the goods they sell. This helps consumers make informed decisions before making a purchase and avoids dissatisfaction due to opaque information.

4.Regulation and laws and regulations: Departments and industry organizations need to regulate the market to ensure that merchants' pricing behavior complies with laws, regulations and industry norms.

For the current situation that contains obvious abnormalities, the department should intervene in the investigation in a timely manner to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

In short, while merchants can clearly mark prices, it doesn't mean that they can set prices arbitrarily. In a healthy market environment, merchants need to follow market rules, provide reasonable pricing basis, and ensure that consumers fully understand the quality and quality of goods. Departments and industry organizations should also pay close attention to market dynamics to ensure the stability of market order and the protection of consumer rights and interests.