What is emphysema, and what kind of environment is prone to emphysema caused by long term exposure?

Emphysema is a respiratory disease in which the distal airways of the human bronchi become over-inflated due to decreased elasticity, resulting in an increasing volume of the lungs. Coughing during daily routines, or feeling difficult to breathe when exertional. It is easy to get emphysema if you stay in a smoky environment for a long time and the air is polluted.

1. Infection: Infection is one of the most noteworthy factors in emphysema. Viruses, bacteria, and mycoplasma are important factors in acute exacerbations.

The main viruses are influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus, and bacterial infections are mostly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus.

2. Air pollution: harmful gases in the atmosphere such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine, etc. damage the airway mucosa and its cytotoxic effects, so that the cilia clearance function decreases, mucus secretion increases, and increases the conditions for bacterial infection, which is also one of the most important causes of emphysema.

3. Protease-antiprotease imbalance: proteolytic enzymes have a damaging and destructive effect on tissues, and antiproteases have inhibitory functions on elastase and other proteases. The maintenance of protease and antiprotease balance is a major factor in protecting the normal structure of lung tissue from damage and destruction.

Increased protease or insufficient antiprotease can lead to tissue structure destruction, which is one of the most important causes of emphysema.

4. Smoking: The most important of emphysema, tobacco contains chemicals such as tar, nicotine and hydrocyanic acid, which can damage airway epithelial cells, reduce ciliary motility and macrophage phagocytosis.

Emphysema is a pathological condition in which the airway distal to the terminal bronchioles is reduced in elasticity and over-inflated, with increased inflation and lung volume, accompanied by severe destruction of the airway wall. People around you who smoke regularly or like to smoke are particularly prone to emphysema. Others get sick because of common environmental problems such as infections or air pollution.

Emphysema refers to the weakening of the elasticity of the airways, the occurrence of excessive expansion, the increase in the volume of the lungs, and the destruction of the airway walls.

Emphysema is a serious disease because it is difficult to cause patients to have gradually worsening dyspnea on the basis of coughing and phlegm, so that they still feel short of breath when they move a little or rest completely. This condition refers to a pathological condition in which the airway elasticity of the distal end bronchioles is reduced, hyperinflated and inflated, and the lung volume is increased, or it is accompanied by destruction of the airway wall. This disease can lead to a lack of oxygen in the body, and in severe cases, death from respiratory failure.

Hello, pulmonary qi refers to a pathological state in which the airway distal end bronchioles is reduced in elasticity, over-inflated, inflated and increased lung volume. Emphysema is asymptomatic in the early stage and only appears shortness of breath during labor and exercise, who gradually becomes apparent with the aggravation of the condition, and shortness of breath, chest tightness, fatigue, and dyspnea will also occur at rest.

Hello, emphysema is a respiratory disease, most patients are allergic, although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but it is generally believed to be caused by multiple factors, is the result of a combination of environmental and genetic factors. At present, emphysema is considered to be a polygenic genetic disease, which is caused by the joint action of paired pathogenic genes located on different chromosomes, and airway hyperresponsiveness is one of the important characteristics of emphysema.

It is a respiratory disease, and chronic bronchitis gradually develops into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in which emphysema occurs after changes in lung structure, and the common symptom is wheezing and discomfort. Specialist required**.

Emphysema is a chronic disease of the lungs in which the airways become less elastic and inflate and the airways are disrupted. The harm of emphysema is very large, and we will learn about the specific harms in detail, and hope that everyone will understand and prevent it.

The dangers of emphysema.

1. It can cause respiratory and heart failure and even death.

Many people are poorly aware of the effects and dangers of emphysema. Because it is difficult for the patient to breathe, there is a lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood. Therefore, the heart and brain, and even the liver, intestines, etc., will have functional damage.

In particular, it has a very large impact on the patient's heart, which will cause the patient to have cor pulmonale, and then the patient will also have respiratory and heart failure, and in severe cases, it will lead to death.

2. Shortness of breath and respiratory tract infections will occur.

People with emphysema often experience shortness of breath, especially after activity, and it takes a long time to recover. If the symptoms are more severe, patients may also experience breathlessness, purple lips, fatigue, and even weight loss. In cold weather, patients are also prone to respiratory infections.

Later, these symptoms will also increase the burden on the liver, so the patient will have many symptoms of a vicious circle.

3. The patient will have cough and chronic bronchitis.

Many patients with emphysema cough frequently, and most of them are elderly. These patients may also develop chronic bronchitis or asthma. This is related to the patient's long-term lifestyle habits, such as perennial smoking, or there is also a certain genetic relationship.

Men are more likely to develop this disease. Many patients also become ill because of a decrease in serum protein. Therefore, for the sake of physical health, everyone must pay attention to quitting smoking, and observe the changes in the patient's symptoms at any time.

Emphysema is a disease of the respiratory system characterized by permanent expansion of the alveolar wall, resulting in impaired lung gas exchange. There are many causes of emphysema, but here are some common ones and how to prevent them.

5.Infections: Respiratory infections such as chronic bronchitis and pneumonia are also among the causes of emphysema. Precautionary measures: Maintain good personal hygiene and avoid contact with infected people.

1.Smoking: Smoking is one of the most common causes of emphysema. The chemicals in tobacco can damage lung tissue, leading to inflammation of the airways and destruction of the alveolar wheel wall. Precautions: Quit smoking or avoid secondhand smoke.

5.Infections: Respiratory infections such as chronic bronchitis and pneumonia are also among the causes of emphysema. Precautionary measures: Maintain good personal hygiene and avoid contact with infected people.

2.Air pollution: Particulate matter and gases in air pollution can cause damage to lung tissue. Precautionary measures: Avoid living in heavily polluted areas and keep indoor air fresh.

In conclusion, there are many causes of emphysema, but most of them can be prevented by lifestyle changes and avoiding harmful factors. If you already have emphysema, promptly** and lifestyle changes can also slow the progression of the disease.

a.Incomplete bronchial obstruction.

b.Bronchial complete key dust silver obstruction.

c.Inflammatory exudation.

d.Pulmonary edema.

e.Lung damage.

Correct Answer: a