The election system of the Eastern Han Dynasty summarizes the reasons and consequences of the format

The selection system of officials in the Eastern Han Dynasty roughly followed the Western Han Dynasty, but more emphasis was placed on the selection of talents by examination, and the restrictions in all aspects were stricter. The ** of officials, in a nutshell, has two ways: election and convocation.

It has promoted the spread and development of Confucianism and promoted the prosperity of culture and education; It has improved the quality of the best and laid a talent foundation for the prosperity of the Western Han Dynasty; It is conducive to the consolidation of the situation of great unification.

1.The inspection system is a system for selecting officials in ancient China, and its establishment began in the first year of Emperor Yuanguang of the Han Dynasty (134 BC). The inspection system is different from the hereditary system of the pre-Qin period and the imperial examination system established from the Sui and Tang dynasties, and its main feature is that the local governor examines himself at any time in the jurisdiction, selects talents and recommends them to superiors or **, and appoints officials after probationary assessment.

2.The conscription system is a system for the promotion of talents in the Han Dynasty of China, which mainly includes two ways: the emperor's recruitment and the elimination of the government, prefectures and counties. FYI!

In order to meet the needs of the increasingly large bureaucracy for officials, the rulers of the Han Dynasty gradually established and formed a set of systems for selecting and promoting ruling talents. This system includes a variety of methods such as emperor recruitment and private recommendation, but the most institutionalized is inspection, that is, the local (including ** departments) governor is responsible for inspecting and recommending talents, and the imperial court hires them as officials.

Changes in the ancient system of electing officials.

1.Xia, Shang, and Zhou eras:"Shiqing Shilu system", which prevailed in the Xia, Shang and Zhou eras.

The end of primitive society,"The world is for the public"After the destruction of the Zen concession system of selecting talents and talents, it appeared"The adult world and the courtesy"of hereditary system. The hereditary system is characterized by the unification of royal power and clan power. It determines the appointment of **at all levels** through family blood relations, and determines the rank and dignity and rank according to blood kinship.

2.Qin State: The awarding of knighthoods according to military merits broke the system of hereditary titles of slave owners and nobles, and was conducive to the enhancement of the power of the emerging landlord class.

3.Two Han Dynasty: The Han Dynasty established a complete set of election system for electing talents, including the inspection system and the conscription system.

The Han Dynasty used the inspection system and the expropriation system. Probation is a system of selecting talents as officials from the bottom up, and recruitment is a system of selecting officials from the top down, and the impact is to give the children of poor families the opportunity to go on the road.

The Han Dynasty adopted a system of combining election and hereditary, and some of the ** were elected from the bottom up, with a broad popular base, giving civilians a chance to change their fate from the bottom up and become officials. This is inseparable from the fact that the establishment of the Han Dynasty itself began at the end of the year.

The official election system of the Han Dynasty includes: the inspection system, the nine-rank Zhongzheng system, and the imperial examination system. However, since the birth of the imperial examination system and until the end of the imperial examination system, there have been factors such as family background, interpersonal networks, power-for-money transactions, and personal preferences that have impacted and interfered with the principle of fair competition.

To put it simply, the official election system of the Han Dynasty had a levy system and an inspection system, the probation system was selected based on the evaluation of others, and the levy system was recommended from below, in short, it was not as scientific as the imperial examination system.

Inspection system: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered the county to recommend one person each of filial piety and honesty every year, and established a talent selection system. Filial piety became the main way for scholars to become officials.

Levy system: A top-down system of selecting officials, in which the emperor recruits and eliminates the government, prefecture and county. Most of the former are celebrities with high reputation, excellent character and learning, and most of the conscripts are in important positions.

Election is a system of selecting talents as officials from the bottom up, which is the most important way for the two Han Dynasty to select officials, which is conducive to recruiting all kinds of talents.

Every year, one person is recommended for filial piety and honesty, and a talent selection system is established. Filial piety has become the main way for scholars to become officials, and the only way for the Hanmen scholars to get ahead.

For Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he found that the official is always the son of **, so he agreed to Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and began to use the probation system to give the children of the Han family a chance.

It is mainly the use of the probation system, which is determined through the assessment of the best character, which to a certain extent causes corruption in the later selection process.

In the Han Dynasty, the system of selecting officials and the system of recruiting and recruiting officials, and the selection of officials based on their talents, had the influence of easily forming a situation in which the big families controlled the election of officials.

The electoral system of the Han Dynasty.

The degree is a review system, which is mainly recommended by the local system, supplemented by examinations, and supplemented by examinations and recommendations. After the recommendation, it is necessary to go through the examination review, and only after passing the review can you be hired. Whether it is a special virtuous and square, or a year of filial piety and honesty, Maocai, they must go through the first retest.

The examination under the examination system in the Han Dynasty was not dominant in the Western Han Dynasty, and the examination was only a reference to distinguish the high and low talents and the size of the award, which was completely different from the imperial examination system in later generations, which was mainly based on examinations and supplemented by recommendations. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, in order to correct the abuse of probationary recommenders, they began to pay attention to examinations, forming a system of selecting scholars that combined probation and examination, and the composition of examinations increased day by day. Strengthening examinations on the basis of recommendations is a new trend in the development of the Han Dynasty's inspection system.

Recommendation is the main thing, supplemented by examination, which is the basic feature of the two Han inspection system. In the early Han Dynasty, a conscription system was introduced, with men serving for two years between the ages of thirteen and fifty-six. One year to besiege the Jingshi, named Zhengpu; In another year, he guarded the border county, which was called a soldier.