What are the manifestations of myasthenia gravis and what are the manifestations of myasthenia gravi

In the early stage of myasthenia gravis, patients often feel soreness and discomfort in the eyes or limbs or blurred vision, easy to fatigue, in hot weather or menstrual cramps, fatigue will be particularly aggravated, with the development of the disease, the patient's skeletal muscles will be obviously tired and weak, the significant feature is muscle weakness, aggravated after exertion in the afternoon or evening, and can be reduced after getting up or resting in the morning.

Patients with myasthenia gravis can have all the skeletal muscles of the whole body affected, and the following symptoms can occur: 1. Drooping eyelids, blurred vision, diplopia, strabismus, and inflexible eye movement. Second, the expression is indifferent, the face is wry, the speech is large, the articulation is difficult, and it is often accompanied by a nasal voice.

3. Weakness in chewing, choking on drinking water, and difficulty swallowing. Fourth, it is difficult to turn the neck and raise the head, and the neck is turned and the shoulders are weak. Fifth, it is very difficult to raise your arms, comb your hair, go up the stairs, squat down and get on the car.

Myasthenic crisis refers to the sudden deterioration of the condition of patients with myasthenia gravis due to some reason in the course of the disease, and the dyspnea is life-threatening, and the crisis of myasthenia is usually divided into three types according to different reasons: First, myasthenic crisis is mostly caused by the development of the disease itself.

Second, cholinergic crisis, seen in patients taking higher doses of pyridostigmine bromide for a long time. Third, in the anti-crisis crisis, the dose of pyridostigmine bromide did not change, but the drug suddenly became ineffective and severe dyspnea appeared.

Myasthenia gravis is most commonly manifested by severe weakness or even paralysis after continuous muscle contractions, which can be relieved by rest. Muscle weakness is often worse in the afternoon or evening due to exertion and may be relieved in the morning when you wake up or rest. The first symptom of patients with myasthenia gravis is mainly one or both extraocular muscle weakness, such as drooping eyelids, strabismus, diplopia, and in severe cases, the eye movement is completely fixed, and the eye movement is obviously restricted, but the patient's pupillary sphincter is not damaged, and the pupil is not dilated when the patient's pupil is illuminated with a lamp.

In addition, the patient's facial muscles and oropharyngeal muscles are also susceptible to injury, and the patient often shows an indifferent and wry smile, and the patient will have weakness, choking on drinking water, difficulty swallowing, nasal voice when speaking, and dysphonia when chewing continuously during meals. If the sternocleidomastoid or trapezius muscles are damaged, the neck may be soft, the head may be raised, and the patient may not have the strength to turn the neck or shrug the shoulders. On physical examination, the patient's tendon reflexes are often unaffected and the patient feels normal, which is the main manifestation in patients with myasthenia gravis.

1. The main manifestations of myasthenia gravis can be unilateral or bilateral eyelid drooping, double vision in both eyes, difficulty in chewing and swallowing, weakness in turning the neck, bending the neck, tilting the head, weakness in the limbs, and in severe cases, respiratory muscle weakness can be life-threatening, the symptoms are fluctuating and easy to fatigue, light in the morning and heavy in the evening, aggravated after activity, and can be reduced after rest.

2. The symptoms have obvious fluctuations and fatigue, which are typical characteristics of the disease, which can be manifested as mild symptoms in the morning and severe symptoms in the evening, drooping eyelids and eyes unable to open after reading a book or computer for a long time, but can be alleviated by closing the eyes and resting for a while; low voice and difficulty vocalizing after prolonged speech; After eating and chewing for a period of time, there is weakness in chewing, etc., and Song Zheng can't walk for a long time, which can be relieved after resting, if such symptoms appear, you should be alert to the disease and seek medical attention in time.

3. Myasthenia gravis is an antibody-mediated, cellular immunity-dependent, complement involvement, involving the neuromuscular junction postsynaptic membrane, causing neuromuscular junction transmission disorders, and acquired autoimmune diseases with skeletal muscle contraction weakness, which occurs at all ages, and the whole body skeletal muscles can be involved, usually the muscles innervated by cranial nerves are more likely to be involved than the muscles innervated by spinal nerves, that is to say, in the early stage of Fanoyama disease, it is more likely to have unilateral or bilateral eyelid drooping, double vision in both eyes, laborious chewing and swallowing, and neck turning, neck flexion, head tilt weakness and other symptoms, especially drooping eyelids and double vision in both eyes.

4. In severe cases, it may lead to forced bed rest. Symptoms lessen in the morning and worsen after daytime activity, so mild in the morning and heavy in the evening are the main clinical features of myasthenia gravis. When myasthenia gravis is diagnosed, fatigue testing is usually done.

If the fatigue symptoms of the affected muscles increase significantly after repeated exercise, and energy is restored after rest, a positive fatigue test can be used as an indicator for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.

Myasthenia gravis is a less common disease, which is generally caused by genes, and there are many kinds of symptoms, most of which are localized, such as some people may have symptoms of eyelid collapse, and some are muscle incoordination in other parts of the body. So, what are the manifestations of myasthenia gravis in general? How to ** myasthenia gravis?

1. Symptoms of myasthenia gravis

(1) Spleen and stomach weakness

Drooping eyelids, limb weakness, gradually aggravated, exertion, relieved after rest, fatigue, lack of breath and lazy speech, reduced diet, choking on eating, and even difficulty swallowing. The stool is loose, the face is unpretentious, the tongue is fat, the moss is thin and white, and the pulse is weak.

(2) Liver and kidney yin deficiency type

Drooping eyelids, strabismus or diplopia, weakness of the lower limbs, inability to stand for a long time, even poor mobility, thin muscles, soreness of the waist and spine, tinnitus and confusion. Women have irregular menstruation, men have impotence, hot flashes and night sweats. The tongue is red and less bitter, and the pulses are fine.

(3) Spleen and kidney yang deficiency type

Dropping eyelids or weakness of limbs, or even general weakness, easy fatigue, chills and cold limbs, soreness in the waist and knees, frequent urination or nocturia, loose stools or incomplete grains, pale tongue, tooth marks on the edges, thin white tongue coating, and thin pulse.

(4) Deficiency of qi and blood

Drooping eyelids or general weakness, yellowish or pale complexion, thin limbs, small amount of food, low voice, shortness of breath, dizziness and weakness, irregular menstruation in women, light color, pale tongue, thin white tongue, weak pulse.

Myasthenia gravis is a condition that first manifests in the eyelid area and then throughout the body, and the muscles cannot be controlled. In fact, the symptoms of myasthenia gravis can develop over time into a condition that cannot be controlled by the internal muscles.

2. How to ** myasthenia gravis

Thymus extraction. It is now believed that all patients with generalized myasthenia gravis without surgical contraindications, and even patients with ocular myasthenia gravis who have been ineffective for a long time, regardless of whether they have thymic tumors or thymic hyperplasia, should consider removing the thymus, which is the preferred method of myasthenia gravis now.

Adrenocorticosteroids.

It is suitable for patients with eye shape, cholinesterase effect is not satisfactory and ready for thymectomy, and patients whose condition is deteriorating and do not want to undergo thymus surgery.

Cytotoxic agents. Such as cyclosporin, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, etc.

Other. Such as traditional Chinese medicine, plasma exchange, thymus radiotherapy, etc.

3. Pay attention to the diet of muscle weakness in chain disease

1. It is recommended to choose more fresh vegetables and fruits, and according to the chewing situation, vegetables and fruits can be made into vegetable puree, fruit puree, vegetable juice, juice, etc.

2. Patients with myasthenia gravis who are easy to choke on food can try viscous liquids, such as thick rice soup and fruit juice to wash lotus root powder, instead of water and drinks.

3. The prepared food should be soft, easy to swallow, easy to chew, and provided in the form of semi-liquid food or soft rice, with a small amount of frequent meals as well.

4. Avoid spicy, warm, dry, and heat-promoting foods, and avoid foods that are raw and cold, have a lot of crude fiber, and are not easy to digest.

5. When cooking, try not to use cooking methods such as frying, baking, boiling, and exploding, and you can choose steaming, boiling, stewing, soup, etc.

Myasthenia gravis is a disease of abnormal transmission function at the neuromuscular junction, which can be divided into hereditary and autoimmune diseases, and the symptoms can accumulate throughout the body, and the main symptoms are abnormal vision: strabismus, blurred vision, inflexible eye movement, etc., for large tongue in language, accompanied by nasal voice, etc., and it will become difficult to move in movement.

Myasthenia gravis is a weakness of a skeletal muscle, and this weakness is a fluctuating weakness that manifests itself as weakness of a muscle that is light in the morning and heavy in the evening. The first muscles to be affected are the gravitational-defying muscles, such as the levator palpebrae muscle, which is what we call the upper eyelid. When the patient is reading a book or watching TV with his eyes open, his eyelids fall off and he can't open them, so he closes his eyes and rests for a while, and then opens them again;

In addition, there will be weakness of the deltoid muscle, the patient is shown to wash his face, wash his hair or brush his teeth, at the beginning he can still wash and move, then brush and brush, the two hands can not be raised, must hang down to rest and rest, after a while it will be better; In addition, when walking, I can still walk at first, but I am bored when I walk;

Severe patients will also have weakness of swallowing, chewing and respiratory muscles, which is manifested as the first few bites of food can still chew and swallow, but chewing and chewing can not move, swallowing and swallowing can not swallow; At its worst, there will be paralysis of the respiratory muscles, which is often referred to as a myasthenic crisis.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease caused by neuromuscular transmission dysfunction, which causes some clinical symptoms caused by all or part of the muscle weakness, such as patients will feel general fatigue and lack of strength, some patients will show drooping eyelids, some patients will show swallowing weakness, and some patients will feel that the facial muscles have no strength, that is, there is no strength in the bite, and some patients will feel weak breathing. There are many symptoms of myasthenia gravis, so when dealing with myasthenia gravis, CT is usually repeated. There are many patients with myasthenia gravis who have a gland enlargement or thymoma on CT.

As a result, some patients with muscle weakness are referred to thoracic surgery for thymectomy**. During the thymectomy, all the fat in and around the thymus gland is removed, so that the thymoma is completely removed, so that myasthenia gravis can be effectively relieved.

There are many symptoms of myasthenia gravis, and patients with myasthenia gravis often feel soreness and discomfort in the eyes or limbs, or blurred vision, fatigue easily, and fatigue worsens in hot weather or menstrual cramps. As the disease progresses, skeletal muscles become significantly fatigued and weak, which is characterized by muscle weakness that worsens after exertion in the afternoon or evening and decreases after getting up or resting, a phenomenon called "morning light and twilight heaviness". Myasthenia gravis is a disease in which the transmission function of the neuromuscular junction is abnormal, which can be divided into hereditary and autoimmune diseases, and the symptoms can accumulate throughout the body, and the main symptom is abnormal vision

Strabismus, blurred vision, inflexible eye movements, large tongue with speech, nasal voice, and difficulty in movement.

The early symptoms of myasthenia gravis are young and old, for young people, the main symptoms of myasthenia gravis are drooping eyelids and double vision, our term is diplopia, then it is mainly because after myasthenia gravis, the muscles of the eyelids are paralyzed and drooping, then its drooping, there is a characteristic of light and twilight, that is, after sleeping, or after resting, then his symptoms will be reduced, then after using his eyes or after exertion, then his symptoms will decline, this is a young person, So as the elderly, it is relatively more complicated, the elderly can first manifest as language disorders, mainly pronunciation disorders, although he can express, but he has problems speaking, the second is the choking cough of drinking water, that is, when drinking water or eating, there is choking and aspiration, and the third elderly can take limb weakness as the first symptom, so the symptoms of the elderly and young people are not exactly the same.

(1) General weakness: from the outside, it seems that the skin and flesh are good, and there is no muscle atrophy, as if there is no disease; However, patients often feel severe general weakness, unable to lift their shoulders, unable to lift their hands, unable to stand up when squatting, and even relying on others to help wash their faces and comb their hair. The patient's muscle weakness improves significantly after a period of rest, but it is significantly worse with a little work.

Most of these patients are accompanied by symptoms such as drooping eyelids and double vision.

2) Ptosis eyelids: also known as drooping eyelids, it has been reported that up to 73 people with drooping eyelids as the first symptom can be seen at any age, especially in children.

3) Double vision: that is, double vision. Seeing together with two eyes, one thing becomes two; If you cover one eye, you see one.

Very young children do not describe diplopia, and often compensatorily tilt their heads and torticollis so that they can see clearly because of their disappearance, and in severe cases, they can also manifest as strabismus.

4) Dysphagia: There is no digestive tract disease, and the appetite is good, but I can't swallow good food and food, and I can't even swallow water. When you drink water, you either choke on your trachea and cough or it comes out of your nostrils.

Some patients have severe dysphagia and must rely on a nasogastric tube for feeding.

5) Weak chewing: The teeth are good, but the bite is weak, and even biting the steamed bun feels laborious. The first few bites are okay, but the more you bite, the more you can't move. It's even harder to eat pancakes and nibble on barbecue.

6) Hoarseness: It is like having a cold or flu. Some patients speak or read the newspaper in a meeting, and their voice is okay for the first few minutes, but after a long time, their voice becomes hoarse and low, and finally they can't make a sound at all.

It's okay at the beginning when you hit **, but after a long time, others can't hear what he says. This is due to weakness of the throat muscles.

7) Facial muscle weakness: Due to the weakness of the expression muscles of the whole face, patients often cannot close their eyes when sleeping. Usually the expression is indifferent, and the smile is very unnatural, just like crying, also known as crying and laughing face. This countenance makes the person look very uncomfortable, and the patient is in pain.

8) Cervical muscle weakness: severe cervical muscle weakness is more prominent, the patient has the phenomenon of hanging his head when sitting, and he can only hold his head up by holding his chin with his hand, and if the patient is allowed to lie on his back (not pillow), he can not bend his neck and raise his head.