So far, scientists have discovered how many particles

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Is it really 109?

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Atoms are transformed from the Greek word atomos, "indivisible"). Long ago, Greek and Indian philosophers proposed the concept of the indivisibility of atoms. In the 17th and 18th centuries, chemists discovered the basis of physics

For some substances, it cannot be further broken down by chemical means.

The English name atom originally meant the smallest particle that could not be further divided, and it was created as a definition.

However, with the development of science, countless scientists have slowly confirmed through various experiments that atoms are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons.

So, it's a gradual process, not someone who suddenly discovered the atom.

There are two types of theoretical and experimental classifications of particles: quarks and leptons.

Our physical world is made up of atoms, which are made up of the nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus.

The particles that quarks are made up of are collectively known as hadrons.

The nucleus of an atom is made up of protons and neutrons, protons and neutrons are collectively called nucleons, they are both composed of three quarks, and the hadron composed of three quarks is called baryon, that is, both protons and neutrons are called baryons. Hadrons made up of two quarks are called mesons, like k, mesons, and so on.

And extranuclear electrons belong to the leptonic class, and the lepton class has three generations, electron and electron neutrinos, subon and subneutrino, tau and tau neutrino.

Leptons are considered to be point particles, that is, they are ideal particles with no volume and no size, so they are the smallest particles found so far.

As a quark, according to the current string theory, a quark is also an onlooker particle that can no longer be divided, and a quark will absorb the energy of the external intervention under the intervention of external energy, and excite a pair of positive and negative quark pairs in a vacuum. Similar to a rubber band, under the action of external force, it will be elongated, and when it grows to a certain extent, it will break into two rubber bands. Quarks can no longer be subdivided.

But quarks are not point particles, they have volume and size. This point should be distinguished from lepton.

Scientists are looking for "a particle" that can explain that humans come from!

There are no smallest particles.

As our science progresses, we will discover particles that we haven't discovered.

The smallest known particle is quark, and it is not known if there are even smaller particles.

Science is constantly progressing and never ending. There is no smallest in the world, only smaller; There is no biggest, only bigger: there is no best, only better;The smallest thing so far is"Quarks".

It is the elementary particles in physics, which are much smaller than atoms and molecules, and cannot be observed by the existing electron microscope, which is the most basic unit of matter. According to the different forces, particles are divided into three categories: hadrons, leptons, and propagators.

Hadron is the general term for all particles involved in the action of strong forces. They are made up of quarks, and there are five types of quarks that have been discovered, and they are: upper quarks, lower quarks, singular quarks, quarks, and bottom quarks.

Theories predict the existence of a sixth quark, named the top quark, but has not yet been discovered. The vast majority of existing particles are hadrons, and protons, neutrons, and mesons all belong to hadrons.

Lepton is a general term for particles that only participate in weak forces, electromagnetic forces, and gravitational forces, but not in strong interactions. There are six types of leptons, including electrons, electron neutrinos, electrons, sub-neutrinos, sub-neutrinos, sub-neutrinos. Electrons, subons, and subons are charged, and all neutrinos are not charged; The proton is an important particle discovered in 1975, which does not participate in the strong action and belongs to the lepton, but its mass is very heavy, 3600 times that of the electron, and the multiple of the proton, so it is also called the heavy lepton.

Propagators also belong to elementary particles. There are a total of 8 kinds of gluons that transmit strong effects, and they were indirectly discovered in 1979 in the three-injection phenomenon, and they can form gluon balls, but they have not been directly observed so far. Passes weakly acting w+, w- and z0.

The middle boson, discovered in 1983, is very heavy, 80-90 times that of a proton.

Elementary particles are much smaller than atoms and molecules, and cannot be observed with the highest possible electron microscopes. Protons and neutrons are only 1/100,000 the size of an atom. Leptons and quarks are smaller in size, less than one-ten-thousandth of a proton or neutron.

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