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Generally, when crops are grown, they are divided into vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage. During vegetative growth, it is mainly the growth of roots, stems, and leaves, while the growth of flowers, fruits, and fruits belongs to reproductive growth. In all plants, vegetables will also go through these two periods, in general, vegetables belong to the stage of vegetative growth after seed germination to flowering, so in the early stage of fertilization, mainly nitrogen fertilizer.
In the early stage of vegetables, you can apply some base fertilizer, which is the case of base fertilizer is generally farm fertilizer, organic fertilizer, etc., such as rotten and fermented animal manure and human manure, etc., you can also use artificial mixed fertilizer, but this fertilizer will increase the cost of vegetable farmers to grow vegetables, most people will still use farm fertilizer when applying base fertilizer.
Since the seedlings that grow after the germination of vegetable seeds are very tender and small, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of top dressing. Avoid too much fertilizer causing seedlings to burn. After the emergence of vegetables, only a relatively small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied within a month, and the concentration can not be too high to prevent the vaccine from burning and dying, and some nitrogen fertilizer with a higher concentration can be applied after 30 days.
When the vegetables are still seedlings, the seedlings are very weak, so it is also very necessary to choose some fungal agents.
Organic fertilizer can provide crops with the nutrients they need, so this microbial agent can also increase the air permeability of the soil, play a role in loosening the soil, prevent the soil from compacting and clumping, and also prevent the root system of vegetables from developing diseases. However, it must be noted that the farmhouse fertilizer must be prepared sufficiently, because if the farmhouse fertilizer is chosen to be used, it must be fully rotted and fermented, otherwise it will affect the absorption of vegetables into the farmhouse fertilizer. Do not sprinkle fertilizer in the center of the leaf when fertilizing, which will also cause burning seedlings and be sure to water some water to dilute it after fertilization, so that the nutrients of the fertilizer can be gathered in the roots of the vegetables, which will absorb more thoroughly.
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Vegetable seedlings can be applied compound fertilizer, the use of attention to pay, can not be sprinkled in the seedlings of the heart of the leaf, to avoid causing burning seedlings, each time top dressing as far as possible combined with watering.
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In the process of planting vegetables, the fertilizer applied to different types of vegetables is different, and the seedlings generally use farmhouse fertilizer as much as possible. This is good for growth.
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You can add chicken manure, such a fertilizer is particularly delicious and nutritious. It was possible to do it once every two weeks, which was nice.
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Planting vegetables, including greenhouse protected land, open field production, fertilizer application includes bottom fertilizer, top dressing, and top dressing is divided into root top dressing and foliar top dressing.
The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, which should account for 60% of the total fertilizer requirement in the life of the crop. Generally, the production of protected areas is better to chicken manure and pig manure with higher nutrient content, but it is necessary to pay attention to full decomposition, which will produce a higher temperature in the process of decomposition, which will kill the eggs and germs in the fertilizer. More importantly, high temperature decomposition will gradually convert the ammonium nitrogen in the fertilizer into nitrite acid to nitric acid, and this process is completed outside the shed, which can avoid the accumulation of damage to crops in the closed environment of the shed after being used in the ground.
A large amount of organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer provides a hotbed for the reproduction of microorganisms, effectively improves the ground temperature in the shed, and the activity of microorganisms produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, which effectively promotes the photosynthesis of crops, which is also the necessary basis for the high yield of vegetables in the shed.
In the case of good ventilation in the greenhouses in spring, summer and autumn, the general three-element compound fertilizer can be used, which is labor-saving and labor-saving when applied with water. In winter, especially in the depths of winter, the temperature in the shed does not allow long-term ventilation under the condition that the top dressing must use a high content of nitrate nitrogen (55---62 nutrients) three-element compound fertilizer (preferably added chelated trace elements) according to the different growth stages and growth of crops, using different nutrient ratios, in the case of reducing the total amount of use, with the use of humic acid, fulvic acid fertilizer, rooting and rooting. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen foliar top dressing and supplement trace elements to ensure high and stable crop yield.
My knowledge of fertilizers is quite limited, and you still have to brainstorm ideas.
Hope my answer is helpful to you.
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What is the best fertilizer to grow vegetables? Check it out.
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Vegetables are generally green leafy vegetables, which require more nitrogen fertilizer, and can be applied more human manure, sheep manure and urea. However, the use of phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers should not be neglected when flowering and bearing fruit of vegetables such as tomatoes and eggplants.
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There are many types of vegetables, and when the family grows vegetables, it is enough to apply the manure of the farm's fertilizer, and the vegetables can grow very well. You can use ready-to-buy organic fertilizers, such as nitrogen fertilizers, which are preferred by plants and can really help the growth of plants.
Different fertilizers should be selected according to the types of vegetables, and more nitrogen fertilizers should be applied to leaves, and high potassium fertilizers should be supplemented for fruits and vegetables.
Usually when planting, the plantar fertilizer should be applied first, and the fertilizer should be slow-release fertilizer. In its growth period, it needs to be properly dressed, and urea is generally applied.
or water-soluble fertilizer, which is easier to absorb. In addition, the amount of fertilizer must be controlled to avoid fertilizer damage.
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Compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer are used well for growing vegetables.
Compound fertilizer refers to the chemical fertilizer containing two or more nutrients, compound fertilizer has the advantages of high nutrient content, few side components and good physical properties, etc., which plays a very important role in balancing fertilization, improving fertilizer utilization rate, and promoting high and stable yield of crops. But it also has some disadvantages, such as its nutrient ratio is always fixed, so it is best to test the soil before use to understand the texture and nutrient status of the soil in the field.
Organic fertilizer is mainly used in plants and (or) animals, processed from biological matter, animal and plant wastes, plant residues, eliminating toxic and harmful substances, rich in a large number of beneficial substances, not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer effect, can increase and update soil organic matter, promote microbial reproduction, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of the soil, is the main nutrient for green food production.
Environmental conditions for vegetable cultivation
1. Temperature
The suitable temperature of vegetables refers to the temperature at which photosynthesis is the most vigorous, the transport and transformation process of photosynthetic products can be carried out smoothly, the minimum respiratory consumption at night, the normal growth and development, and the highest yield, and the optimal temperature for photosynthesis of most vegetables is 15-25.
2. Illumination
Light is the source of energy for plants to photosynthesize, so for most vegetable species, strong light is beneficial to their growth to some extent. Weak light weakens photosynthesis and transpiration, and plants grow longer and accumulate less nutrients, leading to obstacles such as flowering, pollination, fertilization, and fruit set.
3. Moisture
Vegetables are mostly made up of water. Soil moisture not only has a direct impact on the uptake of nutrients and water in the soil, but is also closely related to the amount of air in the soil. This relationship not only influences the respiration of the roots, but also controls the activity of microorganisms.
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Home-grown vegetables are generally used: animal manure, various cake fertilizers, enzyme fertilizers.
1. Animal manure
Animal manure can be said to be the best organic fertilizer, in the past, in the countryside, there were no chemical fertilizers and pesticides, every year rely on manure to grow crops, when using animal manure, remember to be fermented well to use.
Not only is the soil fertile and the vegetables grow very well. What's more, there are very few pests and diseases, and even a little is easy to solve. And all kinds of manure can play a role in nourishing the land and fertilizing the land, until now, there are many people in the countryside who do not use chemical fertilizer at all, but vegetables grow well every year, the reason is that they use a lot of manure every year.
2. All kinds of cake fertilizer
There are many types of cake fertilizer, including soybean cake, peanut cake, sesame cake, rapeseed cake, etc., cake fertilizer is generally used for some cash crops in rural areas, is a very good plant-based organic fertilizer, this kind of fertilizer not only provides nutrients for crops continuously, the taste of vegetables grown with it is good, and is now widely used in the planting of various melons and fruits, as a base fertilizer, top dressing, mixed with other fertilizers.
3. Enzyme fertilizer
Many people may be a little unfamiliar with enzyme fertilizer, enzymes are generally made for people to drink in the past, and now many people use it in planting, the effect is very good, and the raw materials are used everywhere, the production is also very simple, especially suitable for friends who grow vegetables in their own small vegetable gardens, rooftops, and balconies, if the vegetables planted are relatively small, you may wish to give it a try.
Prepare some fruit peels in advance, such as orange peels, apple peels, vegetable leaves, rotten fruits, etc., and chop these ingredients for later use. Prepare another bucket, add 1 kg of brown sugar and 10 kg of hot water to the bucket, fully melt the brown sugar, wait for the water to cool, add 3 kg of peel, be careful not to add too much, leave a certain space, and then seal the mouth of the barrel with plastic cloth for fermentation, the time is about three months.
The longer the fermentation time, the better the effect, but it should be noted that if you seal it with a lid at the beginning, a large amount of gas will be generated in the barrel, and you need to deflate it frequently. The fermented enzyme has a white film on top of it, and it smells fresh. In case of fermentation failure, simply add the same amount of brown sugar to continue fermentation.
When using, spray with 1 gram of enzyme mixed with 50-100 grams of water, or it can be used as root irrigation, rooting and strengthening seedlings, and reducing disease.
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In the process of planting vegetables, it is necessary to pay attention to the seedling stage of crops, which is a very important link. If the crop seedlings can grow well, many pests and diseases can be avoided, and the quality and yield of vegetables can be guaranteed. Vegetables can be used as compound fertilizers at the seedling stage.
To increase the nutrition of seedlings, you need to pay attention to the position in the process of sprinkling chemical fertilizer, and you can't sprinkle it in the heart leaves of seedlings, otherwise it will cause seedling burning. If you want to apply basal fertilizer to seedlings, you need to pay attention to the amount of fertilizer, which must be sufficient.
In the process of top dressing, it can be cultivated in combination with watering, which can make the seedlings get better nutrition. When people choose fertilizer, they can choose commercial organic fertilizer, rice husk manure, compound fertilizer, trace element fertilizer and chicken manure, the more adequate the nutrition of fertilizer, the better the seedlings will grow. When vegetables are in the seedling period, you can use less nitrogen-rich and phosphorus-rich elements.
and potassium.
of fertilizers. When vegetables are planted, the chemical or organic fertilizers are broken down by the soil and the vegetables can get nutrients from the soil.
When the roots of vegetables obtain nutrients, they cannot be fertilized with water, otherwise a large amount of nutrients will accumulate in the roots of vegetables, and they will not be absorbed by the roots, and the roots will flow backwards. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is used during the seedling period, the seedlings may grow too vigorously and the jointing of the plant will be too high. The shallow position of the roots can lead to poor flower bud differentiation, which can have some serious consequences and delay the flowering time.
The growth of vegetables will be affected by weather factors, and when the growth of vegetables is restricted by the environment, suitable fertilizers can be applied to vegetables. The growth of vegetables is inseparable from the help of fertilizers, in which some organic fertilizers and microbial agents can be applied. Microbial agents can increase the permeability of the soil, and at the same time, it can loosen the soil, which can prevent disasters to a certain extent.
Microbial inoculants can reduce harmful bacteria in the soil, increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, increase the resistance of vegetables, and maximize the use of fertilizers.
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Compound fertilizer; In the process of fertilization, try to combine fertilizer and water to avoid sprinkling on the leaves, which will cause the phenomenon of burning seedlings.
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Be sure to choose well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer or organic fertilizer, such fertility is very good, and it is not easy to produce poison, to grasp the time of fertilization, but also to water in time.
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It is best to choose compound fertilizer, so that trace elements can be replenished in time, and also pay attention to the decomposition of microorganisms, which can properly loosen the soil.
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