What are the effects of over fertilizing when growing vegetables?

The flowers of every crop are fat and live. Fertilization should pay attention to science, not only rely on their own "experience", the more you apply, the better for vegetables. In the past few years, some vegetable plastic greenhouses in Shouguang, Shandong Province have not been able to grow vegetables and fruits, due to the excessive use of fertilizers, the formation of soil plates, the sharp decline of organic matter, and nutritional imbalance!

The excessive use of organic fertilizer by chemical fertilizer farmers has *** for vegetables and crops! Green leafy vegetables do not require much phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. You apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and green leafy vegetables are wasted.

When planting green leafy vegetables, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied as little as possible, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be appropriately applied to nitrogen fertilizers, farmhouse organic fertilizers, and base fertilizers. Fruits and vegetables should be applied with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Fertilizer should also be used in moderation, fertilizer pollutes the soil and will produce boards.

Reduction of organic matter. Many vegetable farmers only pay attention to nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and farmhouse fertilizer, ignoring the use of imperfect and biological fertilizers, and vegetables lack trace elements.

And it doesn't grow well.

Fertilization should be done in a scientific way. Vegetable fertilization should pay attention to science, determine soil fertilizer, soil lacks some fertilizer, soil is not short of phosphorus, phosphorus application, is "painting snake to add foot" brushwork. Potassium is insufficient, how can you grow without potassium fertilizer?

What fertilizer do vegetables like, what fertilizer is given! Because the roots of vegetables are relatively short, it is difficult for crops to absorb and digest when fertilizer is sprinkled on the ground, and it evaporates quickly, and the utilization rate is not high. Therefore, the application of chemical fertilizers requires the dissolution of blood in this blood, and the dissolution of this water requires deep application.

Farmyard organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer should be mixed to increase the content of soil organic matter.

The use of organic fertilizer in the farmhouse should be rotten, fermented, and harmlessly treated. Farmhouse organic fertilizer has the phenomenon of "burning seedlings", especially for vegetables, which will cause vegetable rotten, no sprouting roots, rotten roots, slow growth, farmhouse organic fertilizer contains heavy metals, germs, insect eggs, weed seeds, must be fermented, sterilized, sterilized, corroded before it can be used after fermentation and maturity, farmhouse organic fertilizer is a high-quality fertilizer for vegetable planting, not only containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium elements.

It also contains trace elements such as calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, etc., so grow vegetables or maximize the use of farm fertilizers!

From a young age, adults have taught us that if we want to grow tall and fast, we must eat more. In fact, this is not the case. Ate a lot.

Sometimes there is overnutrition, at least getting fat, and the weight is constantly increasing, but the height may not be noticeable. Growing vegetables and fertilizing is very important. It can be said that in order for vegetables to grow quickly and well, fertilization is essential.

But fertilizing too much is not a good thing. There is a high possibility of doing bad things with good intentions. The farmer below explains why, in some cases, too much fertilization can affect the growth of vegetables.

Most of the vegetables grown in rural areas are mainly organic fertilizers. That is to say, we often talk about farm fertilizers (such as chicken manure, pig manure, etc.), but these fertilizers also have a process of decomposition and fermentation after being sprinkled on vegetable fields, which can produce a lot of heat, ammonia, and nitrous acid.

and other harmful gases. If you fertilize too much, burn the roots of vegetables, provide a lot of money for nutrition, and the natural growth momentum is not good.

In the early stage of fertilizer damage, there are yellowish white or grayish-white irregular spots on the surface of the leaves, and the spots expand as the disease progresses. The edges of the dead spots on the leaves are grayish-white, and the inner mesophyll does not have time to fade green, and it is dark withered green, and it is perforated in the later stage. Unlike diseases, blight does not expand indefinitely.

Under high temperature and drought conditions, the disease progresses very rapidly, and the leaf margins are scorched.

Over-fertilize vegetables. It will cause the vegetables to burn the roots. It will affect the growth of vegetables. Severe cases may lead to direct death of vegetables. And overuse of chemical fertilizers. It can also lead to problems with the soil. I can't grow vegetables anymore.

Internal Injury Fertilizer Injury Internal injury refers to physiological injury caused by the destruction of ion balance in plants due to improper fertilization. The common conditions are as follows: 1. Ammonium ion poisoning When there is too much ammonium nitrogen in the soil, plants will absorb too much ammonium and produce ammonium poisoning, which affects the normal progress of photosynthesis.

It will affect the absorption of vegetables, too much fertilizer will burn the roots of vegetables, resulting in dry vegetables, and large areas of vegetable seedlings will not grow large, affecting the harvest, so it must be reasonable fertilization.

With the continuous improvement of farmers' enthusiasm for agricultural production, the amount of chemical fertilizer is now increasing, but many farmers report that the increase in crop yield is not obvious. In fact, all this is related to the common problem of agricultural fertilization. Let's learn about the common fertilization mistakes in the process of growing vegetables in Vegetable Chop Town.

Improper fertilization methods.

There are still many novice vegetable farmers who do not understand, the application of non-decaying fertilizer, which contains a large number of harmful bacteria, not only will not provide nutrients, but will harm the health of crops.

The improper use of ammonium bicarbonate in production is particularly prominent. Ammonium bicarbonate, commonly known as gas fertilizer, breaks down into ammonia and carbon dioxide soon when applied to the soil. When the concentration of ammonia in the air reaches a certain level, the leaves of vegetables close to the ground turn yellow and fall off.

When the concentration is high, the leaves of the whole plant fall off and the vegetables are not harvested.

Too much fertilizer. Many vegetable farmers blindly believe that if they apply more fertilizer, they can achieve high yields. In fact, too much fertilization can lead to a large increase in soil nutrient stores, much more than the actual uptake of vegetables.

This not only causes the waste of fertilizer, but also causes problems such as soil acidification, secondary salinization, high nitrate content of vegetables, and nitrate pollution of groundwater, which seriously threatens the sustainable development of vegetable production in facilities.

Trace element fertilizers.

Medium and trace amount of travel focal element fertilizer is necessary for the growth of vegetables. Vegetables are particularly sensitive to trace elements, which are more harmful and have poor growth. In the survey, it was found that many vegetable farmers did not pay enough attention to medium and trace element fertilizers, and applied less or no fertilizers, resulting in the aggravation of nutrient imbalance, and the lack of some medium and trace elements was obvious, resulting in an increase in vegetable physiological diseases.

Insufficient application of organic fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer is an important part of soil organic matter, and its underutilization has become one of the limiting factors for the high yield and high quality of vegetables in facilities.

The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is out of balance.

In order to achieve higher yields, most vegetable farmers put in too much fertilizer and the fertilizer is applied in an uncoordinated proportion. In production, the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers is often high, and the amount of potassium fertilizers is insufficient. However, the amount of potassium fertilizer is low, the stress resistance is poor, and the pests and diseases are serious.

Too much nitrogen fertilizer can easily lead to the deterioration of vegetable quality.

The above are common mistakes in the process of vegetable planting and fertilization, and vegetable farmers must avoid making these mistakes in the usual vegetable production process.

Let's repeat the deficiency and excess of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mentioned in the first article.

Symptoms of nitrogen deficiency: the leaves decay and turn yellow prematurely, and gradually develop upward from the lower leaves (because nitrogen is a working element, the old leaves turn yellow first).

Nitrogen excess: 1The growth is vigorous, the leaf color is dark green, the leaves are large, the internodes are long, the greedy green is late ripening, and the fruit setting rate is low.

2.Small molecule sugars, amino acids, etc. can not be converted into cellulose, lignin and protein and other macromolecular structures in time, and become the source of nutrients for pests and diseases, so nitrogen excess pests and diseases are serious, and plants are easy to lodging, not resistant to wind, drought, and cold.

3.Excess nitrogen leads to potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron deficiency.

Phosphorus deficiency symptoms: The leaves are abnormally dark green or purplish-red. Because phosphorus can work, symptoms first appear in the old leaves.

Phosphorus overdose: 1Excess phosphorus inhibits zinc absorption, presenting with zinc deficiency symptoms.

2.Severe phosphorus overdose can also lead to symptoms such as iron, magnesium, and copper deficiency.

Symptoms of potassium deficiency: the leaf color turns yellow, the leaf edges are scorched, and the leaf tissue gradually dies. Because the middle of the leaf still grows rapidly, the leaf will form a cup-like curve or shrink. Potassium is a functioning element, so the symptoms of nutrient deficiency first appear in old leaves.

Potassium overdose: .Excessive potassium application will not only waste valuable resources, but also cause the absorption of calcium and other cations by crops to decrease, resulting in "heart rot" in leafy vegetables and "bitter pox disease" in apples.

Because the most taboo in planting vegetables is "the opposite of things", although fertilizer plays an important role in the growth of vegetables, but the use of fertilizer must be scientific, can not be overused. Once too much vegetable fertilizer is used, not only can not improve the yield and quality of vegetables, but also makes these vegetables grow very poorly. Therefore, many growers will use more fertilizer when planting vegetables, and the vegetables will grow poorly.

There is a saying in the mouths of Chinese farmers that "a crop is a flower, and it all depends on fertilizer", although this sentence is a common saying, but this has a certain scientific basis. If you want to achieve high yields by growing vegetables, you really can't do without the help of fertilizer. After the use of fertilizer, the land on which vegetables are grown will become fertile and will also be able to provide various trace elements for vegetable growth.

However, fertilization is a technical job, and not all people can do scientific fertilization. Once the fertilizer is not applied properly, the crops will be seriously harmed, and even the serious consequences of no grain harvest will occur.

At present, the fertilizers on the market are mainly divided into organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers and microbial fertilizers. But no matter what kind of fertilizer can not be used in excess, these excess fertilizers can not be absorbed in the soil, will have a corrosive effect on the roots of vegetables, and vegetables grow to absorb nutrients from the roots. Therefore, once its roots are injured, it will seriously affect the growth of vegetables, and the vegetables that grow in such a situation are very poor.

In addition to the excessive use of fertilizer, the improper use of fertilizer methods can also cause the growth of vegetables to be very poor. When fertilizing vegetables, remember not to fertilize the roots of vegetables directly, but to fertilize about 20 cm near their roots, and not to spray high fertilizer directly on the surface of the stems and leaves of plants, which will burn the branches and leaves of vegetables. In fact, when fertilizing the surface of vegetables, these fertilizers can be diluted before use.

Finally, when fertilizing vegetables, be sure to choose sunny weather, and remember not to choose rainy days for fertilization and irrigation. Because the rain in the air will dilute the fertilizer, causing various nutrients in the fertilizer to flow away with the rainwater, which not only wastes the fertilizer, but also fails to fertilize the vegetables.

1.Ammonium carbonate can not be used in drought and water-deficient vegetable fields, ammonium carbonate has a wide range of applications, both crop base fertilizer and crop top dressing, but no matter how Tong Brother Zheng uses a certain dust spring to be used in the case of soil wetness. Because the properties of ammonium carbonate are unstable, the fertilizer effect is also easy to volatilize and lose, if used in the case of drought and water shortage, the ammonium carbonate in the soil will be more unstable, most of the fertilizer effect will be volatilized and lost, and the nutrients that the crops can absorb are very limited, and the effect of fertilization to promote growth can not be achieved.

If ammonium carbonate is used in dry soils, be sure to remember to water it promptly after fertilization.

2.The continuous excessive use of phosphate fertilizer is taboo, and the appropriate use of phosphate fertilizer, especially for phosphorus-deficient plots, supplementing phosphate fertilizer has a very good effect on increasing crop yield and improving the quality of agricultural products. If the vegetable field has been increased for several years, or the amount of phosphorus fertilizer used is too large, it will lead to too high phosphate fertilizer content in the soil, and the crop will be too vigorous because of the excessive absorption of phosphorus fertilizer, which will not only cause the consumption of dry matter to be greater than the accumulation of dry matter in the crop, but also cause the premature development of crop reproductive organs, which will cause premature maturity of crops, insufficient development of fruit grains, and premature senescence of plants, which will not only cause crop yield reduction, but also cause quality reduction.

They often water more and fertilize more, and the sun is very long, and there is no water clearing, no herbicide spraying, and no pest control.

A large number of chemical fertilizers will be used, will give vegetables Zen base is some manure that is not rotten, the trace element fertilizer is not a branch of the branch is very important, the application of organic fertilizer is insufficient, there is a strong sensitivity, will be a wide range of frequent watering, the use of phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer ratio is out of balance.

Too little fertilization can adversely affect the growth of vegetables, and too much fertilization can also have a detrimental effect on vegetables. Let's talk about the adverse effects of too much fertilization.

Enumerate: 1: Nitrogen fertilizer is a fertilizer that is conducive to plant growth and development, but if the fertilizer is too excessive and the amount is too high, it will cause the leaves to be dark green or even yellow, and will lead to a great increase in the nitrate content in vegetables.

For example, too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied to eggplant, which will affect the absorption of calcium in eggplant, resulting in longitudinal sepal cracking and cork phenomenon in eggplant, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer will affect water absorption, resulting in the top of eggplant fruit depression and hardening. Therefore, we need to use nitrogen fertilizer rationally to prevent this from happening.

2: If excessive phosphorus fertilizer is applied. Excess phosphorus will be deposited in the soil, which will cause soil compaction, which is not conducive to the growth and development of plant roots.

Moreover, after the excess of phosphorus, it will also affect the growth of the plant, resulting in many side branches and dark green leaves. For example, too much phosphorus fertilizer is applied to tomatoes, and the relative nitrogen, potassium, and various elements will be reduced, which will lead to stunted development of tomatoes and affect the yield of tomatoes.

Therefore, we must reasonably control the use of phosphate fertilizers, and cannot overuse phosphate fertilizers and other fertilizers.

3: If potassium fertilizer is applied excessively. The excessive use of potassium fertilizer first causes a significant increase in the concentration of soil solution, which will lead to secondary salinization, that is, a large increase in the salt content in the soil, which will affect the normal growth and development of vegetable roots.

If the root system of vegetables grows poorly, it will affect the healthy development and growth of vegetable plants, which will greatly reduce the disease resistance and stress resistance of plants. Therefore, we should pay attention to the rational use of fertilizers such as potash.

Extended information: Simple treatment of fertilizer overuse: if the symptoms are mild and have little impact on the plant, no special treatment can be required; If it is severe, you should pay special attention to it, you can water it several times to dilute the excess fertilizer.