Sima Qian studied and studied, how did Sima Qian learn

On the basis of reading 10,000 books, Sima Qian began to travel 10,000 miles, and Sima Tan asked his son to come and roam the whole country for more than two years. Sima Qian's roaming around the country at the age of 20 was a field trip in preparation for the writing of the "Records of the Historians", and he personally interviewed and obtained many first-hand materials to ensure the authenticity and scientificity of the "Records of the Historians". His roaming is also a concrete embodiment of the spirit of the "Historical Records".

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Sima Qian was a diligent scholar, he "recited ancient texts at the age of ten", he made excerpts while reading, and asked his father if he didn't understand something. Because of his extraordinary diligence and extreme intelligence, almost all the influential history books of the time were read. Such as:

Zhou Yi", "Shangshu", "Spring and Autumn", "Left Turn", "Chinese", "Book of Songs", "Warring States Policy" ......He also studied astronomy, geography, China, the art of war, commerce, extraterritorial, .......Three thousand years of ancient history have a rough outline in the mind.

One day, when it was almost dinner, my father called Sima Qian to him, pointed to a book, and said, "Son, in recent months, you have been herding cattle outside, and you have no time to study. I'm also busy with official duties, so I can't spare time to teach you. Now while the meal is still uncooked, I'll teach you to read. ”

Sima Qian looked at the book, looked at his father gratefully, and said, "Dad, I have read this book, please check it to see if I read it correctly?" ”

Before finishing speaking, Mo Chen recited the book from beginning to end.

After listening to Sima Qian's recitation, my father felt very strange. He doesn't believe that there are really prodigies in the world, he doesn't believe in self-teaching, and he doesn't believe in the legendary gods. However, how did Sima Qian memorize it? He couldn't figure it out.

The next day, Sima Qian drove the oxen in front, and his father secretly followed behind. Sima Qian drove the cow to the meadow**, and when the cow began to graze, he took out a book from his bosom to read, and the sound of reading echoed in the grass from time to time.

Looking at all this, my father understood. He nodded happily and said, "The children can be taught."

Sima Qian eventually became a great scholar.

When Sima Qian was young, he was a quiet child who didn't like to move, and his favorite thing was to follow his father. During the day, the children were playing outside, but Sima Qian moved a small bench to sit next to his father, listened to him read, and watched him write and draw. "Dad's big pen is amazing!

Xiao Sima Qian thought to himself. In the evening, after eating, Sima Qian jumped and threw himself into his father's arms, "Dad, what story are you telling today?" ”

As Sima Qian grew up day by day, he had a question, "Why does Dad know so many things and tell so many stories?" ”

It turned out that my father had read it from a book, but Sima Qian flipped through it, he couldn't understand it at all, and he was so anxious that he was about to cry.

From that day on, Sima Qian followed his father to learn to read.

Historian of the Western Han Dynasty and a literary scholar. The character is long, and he is a native of Xiayang, Zuo Fengyi (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (145 BC), one said that he was born in the sixth year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (135 BC), and the year of his death cannot be examined.

Sima Qian began to study ancient texts at the age of 10. About in the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Yuanguang and Yuan Shuo, he learned "Ram Spring and Autumn" from the modern writer Dong Zhongshu, and learned "Ancient Wenshangshu" from the ancient writer Kong Anguo. At the age of 20, he roamed south from Chang'an, the capital of Beijing, and traveled all over the Jianghuai River Basin and the Central Plains, inspecting customs and collecting legends wherever he went.

Soon Shi was Langzhong, became the guard and servant of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and traveled to the west many times, and once sent an envoy to Bashu.

In the third year of Yuan Feng (108 BC), Sima Qian succeeded his father Sima Tan and served as Taishi Ling, in charge of the astronomical calendar and royal books, so he had to read the books collected by the historians. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the "Taichu Calendar" was compiled with Tang Du and Luoxiahong to replace the "Zhuan Calendar" inherited by Qin, and the new calendar adapted to the needs of the society at that time. After that, Sima Qian began to write the "Historical Records".

Later, for defending Li Ling, who surrendered to the Xiongnu, he was convicted and imprisoned and was tortured by corruption.

After being released from prison, he served as the secretary of the Zhongshu order, continued to write books with anger, and finally completed the writing of the "Historical Records". People call his book "Taishi Gongshu". It is the first general history of China in the form of a chronicle, which has a far-reaching influence on the historiography of later generations.

Sima Qian also wrote the "Book of Reporting to Ren'an", which recorded his imprisonment and ambition to write a book, which has been praised by all generations.

Report to Ren Anshu, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang uprising, Hongmen banquet, broken cauldron and so on.

The Records of the Historians is a historical work compiled by Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty in China. The Records of the Historian is one of the most famous classical classics in ancient China, and together with the later Book of Han, Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, it is known as the "First Four History".

In middle school, he studied "The Book of Ren'an", "Hongmen Banquet", "Qu Yuan's Biography", "Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography" and "Chen Shijia".

Historical Records is a biography history book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian of the Western Han Dynasty, which is the first general history of the biography in Chinese history, and is listed as the first of the "Twenty-four History", recording the history of more than 3,000 years from the era of the Yellow Emperor in ancient legends to the Yuan Hunt period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Together with the later "Book of Han", "Book of the Later Han", and "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", it is called the "First Four History".