What is a gentleman in Confucius s view, and what does Confucius mean by gentleman ?

The child is the child, and there are four ways of a gentleman: ...It makes the people righteous. (Gongzhi Chang) son wants to live in Jiuyi, or said:

Zi said that the gentleman was ashamed of his words and his deeds. "(Xianwen) Zi said:

A gentleman is incompetent, and he does not know whether he knows or not. (Wei Linggong) Zi said: The gentleman is reserved but not fighting, and the group is not the party.

Wei Linggong) said: A gentleman does not lift people by his words, and he does not use people to talk nonsense. (Wei Linggong) Zilu said: The gentleman is still brave? Zi said: The gentleman is righteous. The gentleman has the courage but the unrighteousness is chaos, and the villain has the courage but the unrighteousness is the thief. (Yang goods).

Zi said: If you don't know your fate, you can't be a gentleman; If you don't know how to be polite, you can't stand up; I don't know what to say, I can't know people. (Yao said).

Confucius said that a gentleman is a person who is knowledgeable and moral.

Confucius was one of the most erudite scholars in the society at that time, and was revered as the "Sage of Heaven" and "Wood Duo of Heaven" when he was alive, and was also revered by later rulers as the Sage of Confucius, the Most Holy, the Most Holy Teacher, the Most Holy Master of Dacheng, and the Master of All Ages.

His ideas have had a profound impact on China and the world, and he has been listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". With the expansion of Confucius's influence, the "Confucius Sacrifice Ceremony" once became a major ritual of the same level as the Chinese ancestral gods.

A gentleman in the time of Confucius was a person of knowledge and morality.

The gentleman and villain in the Analects are conceptually completely different from the gentleman and villain as we understand it today, either that the gentleman is a good guy and the villain is a bad guy. The gentleman and the villain in the Analects first point out the difference between the body, and the people who are born in the great clans, that is, the direct children of the sons of heaven, the monarch, and the monarch of the family, they all belong to the gentleman. And those who come out of the concubines and side branches belong to the people of the small sect, referred to as villains.

From the point of view of origin, only the nobles have a distinction between a gentleman and a villain, and the common people and slaves have no distinction between a gentleman and a villain. However, the gentleman and villain mentioned in the Analects basically do not refer to their origins, villains are born, and even ordinary people or even slaves other than gentlemen and villains are born, if they mix into the upper class society in a certain way and become social managers, they will also be among the gentlemen.

Gentleman, the gentleman he said and the current gentleman are two different things, he is talking about a man, a person who has a proper official position and is very capable of handling things!

The "gentleman" mentioned by Confucius refers to a person with a noble personality and good morals. "Junzi" is the idealized personality of Confucius, and the words and deeds of a gentleman take "etiquette" as the code of conduct for oneself, and take benevolence and righteousness as one's own responsibility. A gentleman not only pursues benevolence and righteousness, but also needs knowledge and courage, and Confucius regarded benevolence, knowledge, and courage as the virtues of a gentleman.

For example, "the third gentleman and Taoist, I am incompetent: the benevolent are not worried, the knowing are not confused, and the brave are not afraid." ”

Confucius's discourse on the gentleman

The goal pursued by a gentleman is benevolence and righteousness. The pursuit of benevolence and righteousness requires knowledge and courage. Confucius regarded benevolence, knowledge, and courage as the virtues of a gentleman. Confucius said: "The third gentleman and Taoist, I am incompetent: the benevolent are not worried, the knower is not confused, and the brave are not afraid." ”

Confucius said: "Those who know are happy with water, and those who are benevolent are happy with mountains; Those who know move, and those who fail to sail are quiet; Those who know are happy, and those who are benevolent are long. "A gentleman should first be a benevolent person, a gentleman needs to know and also need wisdom, but there is still a difference between a gentleman as a benevolent person and a wise man.

A gentleman takes doing benevolence and righteousness as his career, and he also needs to be brave. "Zilu said: 'The gentleman is still brave'?Zi said: The gentleman is righteous. A gentleman is brave but unrighteous and chaotic; The villain is brave but unrighteous as a thief. ’”

A gentleman must also be modest. Confucius emphasized the mean, and in Confucius's view, "the mean is virtue, and it is the utmost thing!" The people have been around for a long time.

"The Mean" said: "The gentleman is moderate, and the villain is anti-mean." The gentleman is also the mean, and the gentleman is in the middle; The villain is mean, and the villain is unscrupulous. ”

The gentleman in Confucius's doctrine refers to what kind of thing Huai Mao Zheng? Can we be friends?

<>1. Confucius mentioned the gentleman many times in the Analects, and the gentleman he spoke of refers to a person who is learned, cultivated, and virtuous.

2. For the first time, Confucius added a moral factor to the meaning of gentleman and villain in his doctrine. But the patriarchal system has not changed. Confucius has a saying:

Only women and villains are difficult to raise, close is not inferior, far away is resentful. It is generally understood that only women and villains are difficult to treat, and if you are close to them, you will not respect you, and if you are distant, they will complain.

3. If it is placed in the patriarchal environment, it should be understood in this way: the women and villains here are people in the small sect, they belong to the same big family as the big sect, although they are divided into the big clan and the small sect, but they must be a family, so it is difficult to deal with the relationship with the people of the small sect, and if they are close, they will have to get the same treatment as the people of the big sect, and they will complain about not treating them as a family when they are alienated. It can be seen that the main point of this sentence is in the word "difficult".