What are the characteristics of ancient Chinese philosophy?

The characteristics of ancient Chinese philosophy are roughly as follows:

1) Closely related to political ethics, attaching importance to real life and focusing on the handling of interpersonal relationships;

2) Take people as the center of thinking, unify real life with moral thoughts, and have a distinct sense of subjectivity;

3) It has a long tradition of naïve materialism and naïve dialectics, emphasizing the unity of opposites, and the five elements of yin and yang and the theory of cosmogenesis are the skeleton of ancient dialectical thinking theories;

4) the combination of philosophy and natural science, with a dialectical view of nature based on qi monism, and the unity of cosmogenesis and cosmic ontology;

5) Have a broad system view, see the world as both a whole and a process, and have a unified way of thinking;

6) Confucianism has been dominant for a long time, and philosophy has become a slave to admission.

7) The idea of the unity of man and nature is the main line of development;

8) Have a long tradition of atheism;

9) Philosophy and religion are incompatible;

10) Formal logic and epistemology are underdeveloped, and thinking is dominated by intuition;

11) contempt for production and natural sciences;

12) Overlapping and merging, advocating inward cohesion, emphasizing the identity of the inside, and ignoring the nature of struggle;

13) It has a strong exclusivity, conservatism and closure;

14) There is a consistent concept of the king.

<>1, heavy life, ancient Chinese philosophers, often from the practice of life, the study of various philosophical issues, so pay special attention to the study of life, Confucian philosophy in the heart, nature, emotion, qi, will, conscience and so on all express an understanding of life, human nature and human life, Taoism from another perspective to give great attention to life, the ideal state of life, spiritual freedom and liberation, is the unswerving pursuit of Taoism.

2. The relationship between knowledge and action is one of the issues that ancient Chinese philosophers paid special attention to, which covers the unity of theoretical reason and practical reason.

3. Emphasis on morality, ancient Chinese philosophy can be said to be a kind of moral philosophy in essence, whether it is the three programs and eight articles of Confucianism, or the Taoist cultivation and accumulation of virtue, all of which take moral practice as the first priority.

4. Harmony, harmony is a consistent tradition of ancient Chinese philosophy.

5. Emphasis on intuition, ancient Chinese philosophy does not pay attention to formal precision argumentation, nor does it have a formal coherent system, but pays attention to the empirical evidence of life or the intuitive experience of the subject.

Philosophy is the study of general issues. General questions include: matter, consciousness, cognition, method, logic, etc.

Science is the doctrine of the study of concrete problems. Specific issues include: physics, chemistry, biology, politics, economics, etc.

In ancient times, philosophy was the doctrine that studied all issues. Such as "Zhou Yi" (King Wen of Zhou), "Tao Te Ching" (Lao Tzu), "Analects" (Confucius), etc., the content of these works is all-encompassing. The Zhou Yi was an important beginning of philosophical research, and then the hundred schools of thought put forward a wealth of philosophical ideas.

In modern times, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine have diverged from philosophy and become independent disciplines. Such as "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic", "Compendium of Materia Medica" (Li Shizhen 1578) and so on.

In contemporary times, there is a clear division of labor between philosophy and science, with philosophy responsible for studying and solving general problems, and science responsible for studying and solving specific problems.

In fact, philosophy has long been integrated into human production and life, and has become popular knowledge. It can be said that ordinary people in modern times are philosophers, and those who claim to be philosophical experts and scholars are **, because they are keen to talk about some false concepts and truths that are divorced from reality, plus a few words of birds, deliberately confusing others to show that they are smart, this kind of self-deception is insulting people's intelligence.

There is no such thing as a profound truth in philosophy. For example, "Wang's Philosophy" is concise and easy to understand, and ordinary people can understand and grasp it. Any philosophy that ordinary people can understand is true philosophy, and any philosophy that ordinary people cannot understand is pseudo-philosophy.

<>1. Confucianism: The founder is Confucius, and the core of his thought is "benevolence." The second representative figure is Mencius, "benevolent government is the core of Mencius's thought." The representative texts are the Analects and Mencius.

2. Dejia: It was originally a political thought in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and its connotation was fundamentally transformed from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The "Book of Virtues" and "Zhuangzi" published during the Warring States period are its representative documents.

3. Lijia: Some famous politicians in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, such as Guan Zhong, Zi Criminal, Cao Di, Zi Chan, Yan Zi, etc., all advocated etiquette. In the late Warring States period, an important representative of etiquette as the core of thought was Xunzi.

4. Legalism: It is a kind of political thought that appeared in the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period, the founder is Deng Xi, and the important representative of Legalism in the Warring States Period is Shendao, and its representative work is "Shenzi".

5. Mojia: The founder is Mo Zhai in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and its ideological core is "righteousness." In the past, some people in the theoretical community believed that the core of Mozi's thought was "love and love, which is not sufficiently grounded."

6. Artist: The founder is Shen Buxian, the core of his ideology is art, and his representative work is "Shenzi".

7. Yijia: The founder is Han Fei. Han Fei's "righteousness" completely excludes profit. Yijia's representative works include "Han Feizi" and "Ram Spring and Autumn".

The characteristics of ancient Chinese philosophy are roughly as follows:

1) Closely related to political ethics, attaching importance to real life and focusing on the handling of interpersonal relationships;

2) Take people as the center of thinking, unify real life with moral thoughts, and have a distinct sense of subjectivity;

3) It has a long tradition of naïve materialism and naïve dialectics, emphasizing the unity of opposites, and the five elements of yin and yang and the theory of cosmogenesis are the skeleton of ancient dialectical thinking theories;

4) the combination of philosophy and natural science, with a dialectical view of nature based on qi monism, and the unity of cosmogenesis and cosmic ontology;

5) Have a broad system view, see the world as both a whole and a process, and have a unified way of thinking;

6) Confucianism has been dominant for a long time, and philosophy has become a slave to admission.

7) The idea of the unity of man and nature is the main line of development;

8) Have a long tradition of atheism;

9) Philosophy and religion are incompatible;

10) Formal logic and epistemology are underdeveloped, and thinking is dominated by intuition;

11) contempt for production and natural sciences;

12) Overlapping and merging, advocating inward cohesion, emphasizing the identity of the inside, and ignoring the nature of struggle;

13) It has a strong exclusivity, conservatism and closure;

14) There is a consistent concept of the king.