What are the methods for pear trees to prevent insects, and how to prevent and control common pests

You can solve the problem with an insect repellent fruit bag, and you can check the corresponding information on the Internet.

No, but I can help your uncle with his business.

Introducing a soilless cultivation method for growing tomatoes.

Soilless plants have the advantages of fast growth, not restricted by land, convenient management, less pests and diseases, hygiene, high yield, and good quality.

The specific methods of cultivating pearl tomatoes in the home soilless are as follows:

In early or late March, sturdy and plump pearl tomato seeds are selected for sowing. First, find a plastic pot about 10-15 cm high, 50 cm long and 40 cm wide as a cultivation container, and put a foam board of the same size as the pot and 2-3 cm thick on it. Then find a hole with a diameter of about 5 cm for a special seedling cup of the same caliber, and just put the seedling cup into the hole to fix.

Then dilute the nutrient solution to the corresponding concentration and put it into a plastic pot to submerge the seedling cup 2 3 degrees. Put a ball of rock wool in the seedling cup and let it fully absorb water and expand. Soak 2-3 tomato seeds in warm water at about 50 shots for half an hour, put them into rock wool, cover them lightly with rock wool, and put them in a warm and sunny place, taking care not to get rained.

After the seeds are sown, they can emerge after 5-6 days. Leave one of the strongest seedlings first, wait until the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, wash the soil, transplant them into the seedling cup, and fix them with ceramsite, cinder or gravel.

During the growth period, the nutrient solution should be added every 10 to 15 depending on the degree of nutrient consumption. When the tomato grows taller, the weight increases, on the one hand, small stones can be added to the flower cup to fix it, and on the other hand, the stem should be tied to a pillar to prevent lodging. When the tomato grows to a certain height, the top of the stem should be removed to prevent it from growing and consuming nutrients.

Tomato axillary buds tend to grow into side branches, we keep those side branches that flower and bear fruit, the other side branches must be removed when they are 3 4 cm long, so that the nutrients are concentrated on the fruit, so that the tomatoes produce more, bigger and better. The lower part of the tomato plant is too dense to be removed.

1. Prevention and control of scab in pear trees.

Pear scab, also known as scab disease, is highly prevalent, pear scab is the main disease of pear trees, and the young tissues of pear trees are particularly susceptible to infection. It is an important disease that occurs in the northern and southern pear areas of China and has a large loss, from the flowering stage to the fruit ripening stage.

Prevention and control: the combination of thinning flowers and fruits and pruning diseased shoots can prevent the disease of pear trees to a large extent; 7-10 days after the pear tree falls to flower, use 40% Fuxing 8000-10000 times for control; For already diseased pear trees, it is necessary to spray 800 times with 80% mancozeb.

2. Prevention and control of pear rust in pear trees.

Pear rust is also known as red star disease, and rust on pear trees can damage pear leaves, new shoots and fruits. The leaves of pear rust begin to show small yellow spots, which gradually expand into oval shapes, and in the later stage of pear tree infection, the leaf spots of pear trees turn black and die.

Control: From the leaf development of the pear tree to the young fruit stage, spray 40% Fuxing diluted 8000-10000 times solution every 10 days or so, and 2-3 times can restore the pear tree's health.

3. Control of pear psyllids in pear trees.

Under normal circumstances, the disease species of pear psyllid does not cause serious harm, and only in the scenic areas and urban suburbs where more juniper trees are planted near the orchard, and the damage is serious, and it occurs in the north and south of China. It can not only harm pear trees, but also cause harm to plants such as begonia pear stems, begonias and hawthorns. Adult pear psyllids can damage pear leaves and tender shoots of pear trees, and induce soot disease in pear trees, resulting in leaf loss, fruit deterioration and even a decrease in pear fruit yield.

Control: Spray pear leaves and branches with 1250-1500 times more than 3000 times of insect mites. Artificial insect trapping can also be used on pear trees.

4. Control of pear tree pear yellow mealy aphid.

The larvae and adults of P. pearis mainly feed on the fruit of the pear tree and reproduce in the fruit of the pear tree. The affected pear tree fruit will have small yellow and sunken spots, which will gradually turn dark brown.

Control: From March to May, the overwintering eggs hidden on the pear tree can be eliminated by scraping the bark of the pear tree; After the overwintering eggs hatch and in late June, the pear trees can be sprayed with 25% fast killing 1500-2000 times.

The common diseases of pear trees mainly include black spot, pear rust, pear netting, stinging moth and other diseases. After the pear tree has black spot disease, it is necessary to remove the diseased leaves in time and spray the baumerite sulfur mixture**. After the occurrence of pear rust, 1000 times of 25% powdery rust wettable powder can be sprayed for prevention and control.

After the appearance of pear net, it is necessary to spray 1000 times of 90% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate for **.

Black spot is one of the most common diseases of pear trees, with pin-sized round black spots on the leaves at the beginning of the disease, and then gradually expand into round or irregular clusters of spots with black-brown edges and black mold on the surface when wet.

Prevention and control methods: In order to avoid pear trees from replacing with black spot disease, it is necessary to remove diseased fruits and leaves in time during the growing season and destroy them intensively, spray a baume pomegranate mixture before the pear tree germinates for control, and spray a fungicidal protective agent every 15 to 20 days to protect the fruit.

When a pear tree suffers from pear rust, it will damage the young leaves, petioles, young fruits and seedlings of the pear tree, and in the early stage of the disease, there will be a pinpoint orange-yellow origin, and after enlargement, the middle of the lesion will be yellow, the edge will be pale yellow, the outermost layer will be greenish-yellow, and finally turn red.

Prevention and control methodsIn March and April every year, orange spots on the leaves of pear trees can be sprayed, and 25% powder rust can be sprayed 1000 times of liquid for prevention and control, 15 days later, if new spots are found, you need to spray again, pear rust is generally sprayed 1 2 times can be completely **.

When the pear tree suffers from pear netting, the adults and nymphs will suck the branch sap on the back of the leaf, and the front of the leaf is pale spots after being damaged, and there are dark feces and secretions on the back of the leaf, and when the disease is more serious, the whole leaf is pale back, which will cause the pear tree to bloom for the second time, and will affect the yield of the pear tree fruit in the current year and the next year.

Prevention and control methodsIn late March to early April every year, the ground can be sprayed with sivivir, and in late April, early May and early June, 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times and 50% pine borer emulsifiable concentrate 1000 1500 times can be sprayed once respectively for control.

Pear trees are also susceptible to the invasion of stinging moths during the growth process, and the larvae of stinging moths will gather on the back of the leaves in the early stage of the disease, gnawing on the mesophyll, leaving the epidermis and leaf veins, making the leaves appear a reticulated film, and will disperse and gnaw on the mesophyll when they grow up, making the leaves appear irregular notched.

Prevention and control methodsIn order to prevent pear trees from being attacked by stinging moths, pruning in winter makes it necessary to break the overwintering cocoons, combined with winter ploughing, to eliminate the overwintering larvae. In the early stage of larval occurrence, 90% trichlorfon crystals 1000 times, 80% dichlorvos emulsion 800 1000 times and other agents can be used for control.

1. Pear scab: When preventing and treating diseases, it is necessary to choose pear tree varieties with good disease resistance. 2. Pear ring disease:

In autumn, remove fallen leaves and spray pear trees with potassium permanganate. 3. Dry rot: Cut and thin the branches and leaves of the pear tree that grow too densely.

4. Pear rust: spray water on pear trees for humidification in hot weather.

1. Pear scab

The pests and diseases of pear trees are pear scab, pear scab is a quarantine disease, this disease will parasitize in the bud scales of pear trees in the form of spores and mycelium, and when preventing pear scab, it is necessary to choose plum tree varieties with good disease resistance when planting, so as to reduce the probability of infection of plants.

2. Pear ring disease:

Pear ring disease is a weak parasitic bacteria, with the characteristics of fast onset and great harm, it will make the pear tree appear a large area of fruit rot, the prevention and control of pear tree pear ring disease, it is necessary to clean up the fallen leaves and fruits in autumn and winter, and scrape off the old skin of the plant, and then spray potassium permanganate for disinfection.

3. Dry rot

Pear trees will be infected with dry rot, dry rot will make long strips of black-brown lesions appear on the branches of the plant, and will cause the trunk of the pear tree to die, when preventing dry rot, it is necessary to cut the branches and leaves of the pear tree that grow too densely to improve the light transmission and ventilation between the plants.

4. Pear rust

Pear rust, also known as red star disease, is the most harmful pathogen of pear trees, which will cause a large number of leaves and fruit deformities of the plant, when preventing and controlling pear rust in pear trees, it is necessary to spray water mist around the plant in high temperature weather to humidify, and spray fungicides every 10-15 days to make the pear tree grow healthily.

Pear tree black spot is one of the main diseases in the southern pear producing areas, mainly affecting pear leaves and fruits. The young leaves are the first to develop the disease, with pin-sized round black spots at the beginning, and then gradually expand into round or irregular lesions, with grayish-white centers and black-brown edges.

Prevention and control methods: strictly clear the garden, strengthen fertilizer and water management, enhance tree potential, and avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. In the growing season, the diseased fruits, leaves and shoots should be removed in a timely manner, and burned in a concentrated manner. Susceptible varieties are bagged.

Before the pear tree germinates, spray 3 5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture, and after flowering, according to the prevention and control of rainfall and other diseases, spray fungicide every 15 20 days to protect the fruit.

Cultivation techniques. Pear trees are highly adaptable to the soil and can grow and bear fruit in mountains, hills, sand barrens, depressions, saline-alkali lands and red soils. But the quality of the fruit is slightly different. Under normal cultivation management conditions, high yields can be obtained.

Pear trees have a long lifespan, long economic utilization life, pear areas in the north and south of China, 100 150 years old big trees are many, and the branches and leaves are luxuriant, fruiting abundantly, some of the yield of a single plant can reach more than 1000 1500 kg.

1. Pear scab is also known as scab disease. The combination of thinning flowers and fruits and pruning diseased shoots can prevent the disease of pear trees to a large extent. 7-10 days after the pear tree falls to flower, use 40% Fuxing 8000-10000 times for control; For already diseased pear trees, it is necessary to spray 800 times with 80% mancozeb.

2. Prevention and control of pear rust in pear trees. From the leaf development of the pear tree to the young fruit stage, spray 40% Fuxing diluted 8000 10000 times solution every 10 days or so, and 2-3 times can restore the pear tree's health.

3. Control of pear psyllids in pear trees. Spray pear leaves and branches with insect mites 1250 1500 times** 3000 times. Artificial insect trapping can also be used on pear trees.

4. Control of pear tree pear yellow mealy aphid. From March to May, you can scrape the bark of the pear tree to eliminate the overwintering eggs hidden on the pear tree; After the overwintering eggs hatch and in late June, the pear trees can be sprayed with 25% fast killing 1500-2000 times.

During the dormant period from December to early March of the following year, the fallen leaves, fallen fruits, and diseased and dead branches should be completely removed, and the thick branches and warped bark of the branches should be scraped; In early March, spray high-efficiency cypermethrin + oxydigenin + help kill or harm Liping, 1 2 times to prevent and control the overwintering generation of pear psyllid, before germination in early April, scrape and cure the rot lesions, spray 5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture, kill all kinds of overwintering insects and diseases, spray 62,5% Xiansheng 600 times + red horse hypertonic imidacloprid emulsifiable concentrate or parametrine wettable powder 2000 times liquid to kill the overwintering scab bacteria in the buds and the pear bifurd aphid that has begun to move; The above measures are basic and must be done. After flowering in early to mid-April, to prevent and control various pear diseases and pests, we should pay attention to observation and timely prevention and control due to pests.