The main theories of behavioral science are briefly described in the basic ideas of early behavioral

The main features of behavioral science management theory are:

1. Take the human factor as the primary factor of management, emphasize people-centered management, and pay attention to the satisfaction of various needs of employees;

2. Comprehensively use the results of multidisciplinary, use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to improve the causal relationship between human behaviors and improve behaviors;

3. Pay attention to the integrity and overall development of the organization, and grasp the formal organization and informal organization, the manager and the managed as a whole;

4. Pay attention to the flow of information and feedback within the organization, replace command and supervision with communication, and pay attention to participatory management and self-management of employees;

5. Pay attention to internal management and ignore the influence of external factors such as market demand, social conditions, scientific and technological development, economic changes, and trade union organizations;

6. Emphasizing human feelings and social factors, ignoring the functions of formal organizations and the role of rational and economic factors in management.

The current behavioral science management theory mainly includes the following four issues:

1) The assumption of human nature is the starting point of behavioral science management theory. Among them, the understanding of management objects in various periods and managers can be divided into six basic types: tool man hypothesis; the homo economicus hypothesis; social person hypothesis; the self-actualizing person hypothesis; complex man hypothesis; Decision-maker assumptions.

2) Motivation theory is the core content of behavioral science, specifically, from three aspects: hierarchy of needs theory, behavior transformation theory, and process analysis theory.

3) Group behavior theory is an important pillar of behavioral science management theory, and mastering group psychology is an important part of studying group behavior.

4) Leadership behavior theory is an important part of behavioral science management theory, including the study of leaders' qualities, leadership behaviors, leadership ontology types, leadership styles, etc.

The theory of behavioral science is the theory of "interpersonal relations" - behavioral science, which began in the 20s of the 20th century. It emphasizes human behavior and believes that only by stimulating motivation from the essence of human behavior can efficiency be improved. Its representative theories are:

Early Theory of Human Relations This is the theory that was developed by the famous Hawthorne Factory Experiment, which was represented by Mayo and Rotlisberg in the United States. They believe that workers are "social beings", and that there are both "formal organizations" and "informal organizations" in enterprises, and that workers must be encouraged to improve their productivity from social and psychological aspects.

The theory of hierarchy of human needs is represented by Ma Siji, who believes that human needs are divided into four levels, and should be relatively satisfied according to the pursuit of different levels of needs of different people.

The theory of human nature management is the study of the so-called "human nature" issues related to enterprise management. Its representative figures include McGregor, who put forward the "X Theory and Y Theory", which believes that people are not passive, and as long as they are given certain external conditions, they can stimulate and induce people's initiative; Agilis, who put forward the "immaturity-maturity theory", believes that in the development of human personality, there is a continuous development process from immaturity to maturity, which means the strengthening of the degree of self-expression of the person, etc.

Group behavior theory is the study of informal organizations in enterprises and the problems of relationships between people. Its representatives include Lewin, who proposed the "group force theory"; Bradford, who advocates the practice of "sensitivity training, through the interaction of trainees in the group learning environment, to make them more aware of their position and responsibilities in the group organization, etc."

Leadership Behavior Theory is the study of the problem of leadership styles in enterprises. Its representatives include Tannenbaum and Schmewu, who put forward the "leadership continuum theory"; Liket, who proposed the "Theory of Supporting Relationships"; Storgdi, who proposed the "two-factor model"; Blake and Morton, who came up with the "management grid method".

(1) The theory of individual behavior mainly includes two major aspects: aTheories about human needs, motivations, and motivations can be divided into three categories:

a.Content-based motivation theory, including hierarchy of needs, two-factor theory, achievement motivation theory, etc. b.

Process-based motivation theory, including expectation theory, fairness theory, etc. c.Behavior-modifying motivation theory, including reinforcement theory, attribution theory, etc.

b.Theories about human nature in business. It mainly includes x-y theory and immature-mature theory.

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1. Individual behavior is the basic unit of behavioral science analysis and study of people's behavior in enterprise organizations. At the level of individual behavior, behavioral science mainly uses psychological theories and methods to study two types of problems: one is the various psychological factors that affect individual behavior; The other is the hypothesis of human nature about individuality.

2. Social psychologists and behavioral scientists believe that human behavior is caused by motivation, and motivation is generated by people's own internal needs, and activities that can meet people's needs are a kind of reward in themselves.

3. Group behavior is an important issue in organizational behavior, and it is mainly an informal organization, the characteristics of the group, and the cohesion of the group.

4. Behavioral scientists believe that most of a person's life is spent in an organizational setting. People's behavior in an organization is called organizational behavior, which is based on individual behavior and group behavior. Through the study of human nature and needs, behavioral motivation and the relationship between people in the production organization, the laws of human behavior in production are summarized.