What kind of climate does cotton grow in?

Cotton is a temperature-loving crop. The temperature required during the growth and development of cotton is relatively high, and the minimum temperature of cotton germination is about 20 degrees. After the buds bloom, the minimum temperature must be around 25 degrees Celsius.

Cotton is a kind of cash crop with good light and heat conditions, and the agricultural climate has a great impact on the growth period of cotton, and the yield and quality of cotton can be greatly improved by making good use of favorable climatic conditions.

Cotton prefers climates with high daytime temperatures and low nights. Because of this temperature pesticides cotton yields increase.

The growth period of cotton is divided into five periods, namely, sowing and emergence stage, seedling stage, budding stage, flower boll stage and flocculent stage.

1. Sowing and seedling stage: from cotton seed sowing to 50 cotyledons unearthed, it is called sowing seedling stage. It is sown in mid to late April and emerges in 7 to 15 days. It is a critical period to decide on the first sowing of all seedlings.

2. Seedling stage: from the emergence of seedlings to the cotton field, there are 50 cotton plants that appear in the first bud called the seedling stage, 25 30 days for early varieties and 40 50 days for medium varieties.

3. Bud period: from the bud to 50 The first flower of the cotton plant is called the budding period, 25 30 days, and the budding period is from early to mid-June to early July.

4. Flower boll stage: From flowering to the first cotton boll spit of 50 cotton plants, it takes 50 to 60 days. The flowering and boll stage is mostly in the climatic environment from early July to mid-August, which is the period of both vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and more than 70% of the dry matter is formed in the flowering and boll stage.

5. Flocculation period: from the beginning of the flocculation to the end of the flowering collection is the flocculation period. In mid and late August, the flocculation begins, September is the peak of the flocciation, and the flowers are basically harvested from mid to late October to early November.

The dry matter accumulated by cotton bolls accounted for more than 90% of the accumulation in this period, and the fertilizer and water required in this period were significantly reduced.

Management of the flocculent period:

The period of time from the beginning of the cracking of the boll to the end of the flocculation is called the flocculation period. The general cotton fields in southern Hebei enter the flocculation period from late August to early September, and the focus of field management in this period is to protect roots, leaves, promote early maturity, and prevent premature aging

1. Continue to do a good job of pruning and pruning. Strengthening the late pruning of cotton can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field, reduce nutrient consumption, help increase the autumn peach, increase the boll weight, promote early maturity, and reduce rotten peaches. The main tasks of pruning are:

Subtract the lower old leaves and empty fruit branches of the cotton plant, and knock off the tips of the fruit branches.

2. Spray foliar fertilizer to prevent premature aging. Due to the low temperature in the later stage, the absorption capacity of the root is poor, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed to achieve the purpose of protecting leaves and increasing yield, generally spraying 60 times the liquid urea solution or 500 times the liquid potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 70 kg per mu, spraying 1 time every 7 10 days, spraying 3 4 times in a row.

3. Strengthen pest control. The main pests in the later stage of cotton fields are: blind tsubaki elephants, aphids, and cotton bollworms.

Blind elephants can be used alternately with phosphine, malathion, and Ruijinte; Cotton aphid can be controlled with high-depth imidacloprid and acetamiprid spray; Cotton bollworm pyrethroid and emamectin benzoate perchlorine spray control. The prevention and control time is generally mastered before 9 a.m. and after 5 p.m.

The growth process of cotton can be divided into 5 stages namely sowing period, seedling stage, bud stage, flower boll stage and flocculation period, the whole process, only about 190 days, sowing period of 7 15 days, seedling period of about 30 days, bud period of about 25 days, flower boll period of about 55 days, spit period in early November can be basically completed.

The sowing period is generally in April, and the seedlings can emerge 7 to 15 days after sowing, from the sowing of cotton seeds to the emergence of half of the leaves, which is the critical period to determine the whole seedling. The seedling stage varies according to the variety, the time is also different, the whole seedling stage takes about a month, from the emergence of the seedling to the cotton field, half of the cotton plants appear the first bud.

The first flower of the cotton plant is called the budding stage, which is in the local June to August, about 25 days or so. The flowering period is the time for the first cotton boll to spit out the flocculation, which takes about 55 days. The flowering period is mostly in the climate from July to September, which is the period of fertility and growth.

The flocculation period is from the beginning of the cotton to the end of the harvest, this period is the flocculation period, in early November can basically be harvested.

Distribution

It has been widely cultivated in various cotton-producing areas across the country, and has replaced tree cotton and grass cotton. China's existing cultivars are: Sizi cotton, German cotton, Dai cotton, Kezi cotton, etc., recently bred high-yield varieties, in the north there is Lu Mian No. 1.

Native to Mexico, America. At the end of the 19th century, it was introduced to China for cultivation.

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China, United States, India, Uzbekistan.

Egypt, etc. Among them, China has the largest unit output, and Uzbekistan has the "country of platinum."

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Jianghuai Plain, Jianghan Plain, Southern Xinjiang.

Cotton area, North China Plain.

Northwest Shandong, North Henan Plain, and the coastal plain of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

With the gradual improvement of the quality of life, many people will choose to grow some crops in the countryside to obtain additional income, which is also a very good method. So many people choose to grow cotton, because the sales of cotton are also more, so what are the requirements for planting cotton for climate? At the same time, it is also necessary to determine different planting locations according to different temperatures.

First, the requirements for temperatureIn fact, when farmers choose to plant cotton or harvest benefits, they must have certain requirements for temperature, and the requirements for cotton are very high, with a minimum of more than 15. Therefore, cotton must not be planted in areas with low temperatures, and in this case, you will definitely not be able to get better profits. And the most important thing about cotton is quality, because the quality of cotton can ensure that the best cotton can have better sales in the future, and if the temperature is too high such as 36 or more, there will be some bad phenomena, such as cotton no longer grows tall or has stopped growing, so the temperature requirements are very strict.

Second, sufficient sunlight In fact, cotton should be planted in full sunlight, because cotton must use sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis to transform some nutrients. Within a certain range, photosynthesis will increase with the increase of light intensity, and at this time, sufficient sunlight will ensure the premise of whether the cotton grows well. In some parts of China, in fact, the sun is not sufficient, and there is a lot of rainy weather, in this case, cotton must not be able to be grown.

Because if cotton does not grow better, the quality of cotton will not be improved, and the next year's income will not be better. <>

3. Ensure sufficient water Cotton is also a plant that is not very drought tolerant, so it is necessary to keep enough soil moisture, in some places it is actually relatively arid, and water sources are relatively scarce. At this time, farmers can not choose to plant cotton, because planting cotton must control the content of water and fertilizer, at this time, if water is a relatively scarce component, do not consider planting cotton.

When planting cotton, there are certain requirements for the corresponding temperature, and there is a certain demand for temperature in the production process of cotton, and the minimum critical temperature for cotton germination is about 10 to 12 degrees Celsius, and the most suitable temperature is between 28 and 30 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is too high, when the temperature is above 35 degrees Celsius, it will inhibit physiological activity, and when the temperature is high, it will also cause pollen cultivation failure and loss of fertilization ability. When the temperature is too low, it will make the reducing sugars and other substances produced by photosynthesis unable to be converted, and the deposition function of cellulose will be terminated accordingly.

Therefore, in the process of planting cotton, it is necessary to grasp the appropriate temperature.

The climate requirements for planting cotton are that the climate must be very warm, and it must be planted in summer, and the weather in the place where it is planted is relatively dry, and it cannot rain often, and the sunshine time must be sufficient, which are the requirements for the climate when planting cotton.

The temperature should be kept around 20 degrees. Such an environment is very conducive to the growth of cotton. In the case of maintaining light, it is also necessary to water and fertilize in time to be able to make him have better growth more effectively.

When planting cotton, there are certain requirements for temperature, cotton is a kind of high temperature and drought tolerant crop, so the largest production area in China is in Xinjiang, the local temperature is suitable, very hot, and at the same time there is very little water.

There are also certain requirements for air temperature, which is generally suitable for planting at a temperature of about 20, and such an environment is also conducive to the growth of cotton, and it also needs to provide sufficient light and sufficient water.

The temperature must be mild, and there must be enough light, the temperature must be around 20, and the minimum should not be lower than 15. The temperature should not be too low, if the temperature is too low, it will affect the growth of cotton and reduce the yield.

There are strict requirements for temperature, and the temperature of the cotton growing environment must be about 30 degrees, so as to breed good quality cotton.

Light cotton is a light-loving crop, suitable for growing under sufficient light conditions, light compensation point and light saturation point are high, according to the determination of cotton single leaf light compensation point is 750 1000 lux, light saturation point is 7 8000 lux, under normal circumstances, cotton leaves to light intensity suitable range of 8000 70000 lux, in this range the photosynthetic intensity increases with the increase of light intensity. <

Soil Cotton needs water and nutrients to grow and develop, mainly from the soil through the root system, and the required temperature and air are partly taken from the soil, while at the same time requiring the mechanical support of the soil to grow. The physicochemical and biological properties of cotton soil greatly restrict the yield and quality of cotton, and soil moisture, nutrients, temperature, air, salinity, texture, etc. have a great impact on cotton growth.

3. Water cotton growth needs to absorb water from the soil, the physiological water requirements of each growth stage are different, the water content of the soil layer from sowing to the emergence of seedlings accounts for 70 80% of the water holding capacity in the field, the soil moisture content of 0 40 cm at the seedling stage accounts for 60 70% of the water holding capacity in the field, the water content of the soil layer at the early bud stage accounts for 65 75% of the water holding capacity in the field, and the water content of the soil layer at 0 80 cm after the full bud period accounts for 70 80% of the water holding capacity in the field, and cannot be less than 60 65%. It is advisable to keep the relative moisture content of the soil at 55-70% at the flocculation stage. According to relevant studies, about 2 3 of the water consumed in cotton fields during the whole growth period is transpiran, and 1 3 is consumed by land evaporation. <>

Cotton fiber can be made into a variety of fabrics, from light and transparent voile to thick velveteen and canvas, suitable for all kinds of furniture fabrics, clothing cotton, industrial fabrics, etc. Cotton fabric is strong and wear-resistant, able to be washed and ironed at high temperatures, and cotton cloth is comfortable to wear due to its rapid moisture absorption and dehumidification. Through other finishing processes, it can also make the cotton fabric waterproof, mildew-proof and anti-fouling; Improve the wrinkle resistance of the fabric, so that the cotton fabric is less hot or even does not need to be ironed; Reduce the shrinkage of the fabric when washing so that the shrinkage rate should not exceed 1%.

The color of the cotton raw cotton that is normally mature and normal is white and milky white, which is called white cotton, and the raw cotton used in cotton spinning mills is mostly white cotton. In the late stage of cotton growth, the cotton boll dies after frostbite, and the pigment on the boll shell is dyed on the fiber, which makes the color of the original cotton yellow, and the yellow cotton is generally a low-grade cotton, and the cotton mill has only a small amount of application.

The requirements for the production process are that the temperature must be controlled at about 23, not too hot, there must be sufficient precipitation, there must also be a strong ventilation environment, there must be sunlight, and the main use is that it can be used to make clothes.

The environment is required to be very warm, the temperature of the environment is also relatively high, the sunlight exposure time is relatively long, the humidity is also very high, and the environment is relatively arid. The use of cotton is that it can be used to make quilts, mattresses, clothes, down jackets, and pillows.

There are particularly high requirements, the general planting environment is in the place where the temperature difference between day and night is relatively large, and the tropical environment, such as Xinjiang, can be made of quilts, cotton clothes, craft cloth or furniture.

There are requirements for soil, for temperature, for cold and hot temperature differences, for drainage, for light, the main use of cotton is to make clothes, can be made into quilts, made into fabrics, is the raw material of many things.

One is the infinite growth habit. Under suitable environmental conditions, the main stem of cotton can continue to grow upward, and fruit branches can continue to grow laterally, and fruit branches can continue to grow laterally, and bud bells can continue to increase. This characteristic is an extremely favorable condition for seizing high cotton yields.

The measures applied in production, such as early sowing at the appropriate time, promoting the early emergence of strong seedlings, preventing premature senescence and mulching, are all based on this characteristic, extending the growth period as much as possible, increasing the effective boll setting period, and giving full play to the yield increase potential of cotton. The infinite growth habit of cotton also has a negative side, such as easy to grow, easy to be greedy for green and late maturity, and easy to have secondary growth in the later stage.

The second is to love temperature and good light. Cotton is a thermophilic crop and needs higher temperatures throughout its life. According to research, the most suitable temperature for growth and development is 25 30.

The minimum temperature required for each growth period of cotton is: seed germination, seedling emergence 16 17, and budding 19 20. During the development of the cotton boll, the fibers cannot be elongated when the temperature is below 15, and the fibers stop thickening below 20.

Cotton is a good light crop, the length of light time and light intensity.

will affect the fertility of cotton. In general, cotton develops fastest under 12 hours of light per day, while cotton plants are malnourished due to 8 hours of light.

On the contrary, it delays development, and cotton needs higher light intensity than ordinary crops such as wheat.

Third, the growth and progress time is long. Cotton starts from budding, that is, enters the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, until the spitting, which is generally as long as 70 to 80 days. During this period of time, between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, there is a contradiction in the distribution of nutrients and the need for environmental conditions.

Fourth, the regeneration ability is strong. There are axillary buds in each leaf axil of the cotton plant, when the cotton plant suffers from natural disasters such as wind, hail, and insects.

After that, as long as there is enough time and measures are taken to create suitable conditions, new shoots can grow and a certain yield can be obtained. When the young roots of cotton are broken, more new roots can grow. Deep cultivation in the bud stage is the use of this characteristic.

In addition, cotton also has wide adaptability and controllable plant shape, which makes cotton high-yield cultivation have very rich content.