What should teachers be aware of when taking notes of observations?

Determine the target of observation. Before observation,Early childhood teachersIt is necessary to focus on children's physical movements, language expression, intellectual development, emotional and social interactions and other development areas.

In the development of society, teachers are the inheritors and disseminators of human cultural and scientific knowledge. For students, it is also the developer of students' intelligence and the shaper of their personality. Therefore, people give the lofty title of "engineer of the human soul" to the people's teachers.

In the process of education, the teacher plays a leading role, he is the educator, the leader, the organizer of the process of students' physical and mental development. The quality of teachers' work has a bearing on the level of physical and mental development of the younger generation in our country and the degree to which the quality of the nation has improved, thus affecting the rise and fall of the country.

Teacher-student status:

The role of teachers is mainly determined by the teacher-student relationship.

In educational activities, the relationship between teachers and students is the relationship between the subject and the object. There are three main points of view.

First, the teacher is the subject and the student is the object. This view means that teachers are in an absolutely dominant position in educational activities, and students are in an absolutely dominant position. This view is "teacher-centric".

Second, students are the main body, and teachers are completely subject to the requirements of students. This view is that teachers are in an absolutely dominant position in educational activities. This view is "student-centered".

The above content refers to: Encyclopedia - Teacher (Educator).

However, at present, many preschool teachers do not know how to make observations, but feel that observation records increase the workload.

1. Observe the significance and value of the record.

1. Help preschool teachers discover the shining points in education.

2. It provides a new opportunity for preschool teachers to reflect and promote their professional reflection ability.

3. It is conducive to the improvement of teachers' scientific research ability and teaching level.

2. Precautions for observation records.

1. Have a correct attitude.

2. The purpose should be clear.

3. Pay attention to the observation method.

There should be a certain method of observation, and the method of observation should be determined according to the purpose of observation. For example, case studies are generally conducted on a targeted basis. If you want to understand the peer interaction of children in Nursery classes, you need to observe them from point to point.

4. Observation methods should be flexible and diversified.

Observation is generally a combination of the teacher's observation and recording, and if the observation is made for a specific aspect, in addition to random observation in daily activities and games, special activities can also be set up for observation according to the purpose of observation. In addition, observation can be made using methods such as videography, video, and analysis of children's works.

5. Pay attention to the analysis of the observation results.

3. Types of observational records.

1. Feel free to observe.

Random observation is generally a random observation of children's activities, games, life, etc., teachers should always have a pair of eyes that are good at finding problems and good at observation, and can capture some educational phenomena and educational information with research and thinking value, which also reflects the educational principle of education is life, in educational life, everything that children show is a good educational material, and it is also a good way for teachers to find problems, reflect and solve practical problems. In the random observation, teachers can use their keen eyes and good professional sensitivity to see some problems, and can use the scientific view of children, education and advanced educational concepts to think about some phenomena in early childhood education, and can find some problems, promote teachers' professional reflection ability and actual education level, and also open up new research fields for the cause of early childhood education.

2. Case observation.

Generally, teachers make special observations for some special children or some aspects of some children, and generally this observation phenomenon needs to be followed up and observed, which may take several weeks or even longer.

3. Special observation.

Special observation is the teacher's discovery in activities, teaching, games, etc., or the observation of a certain aspect of the problem that is interested, this kind of observation generally needs to observe the whole child, and at the same time, on the basis of self-observation and reflection, it is also necessary to cooperate with the reference to information, consult experts, teacher discussions, etc.

Fourth, the key points of the observation record time and place: specific kindergarten, class, etc.

Age. Gender.

Process. Problem thinking, suggestions, analysis, measures, etc.

Wen. Chapter**.

Teachers observe the children, so as to understand the physical and mental development of the children, and carry out targeted education on the weaknesses of the children's development, so as to promote the development of the children.

By observing children's behavior, teachers can better understand children's development and children's previous experience, so as to formulate reasonable teaching goals based on children's experience.

Based on the observation of children, teachers can start from children's interests to choose educational content that is more popular with children.

Observe the recording pathway.

1. Anecdotal records.

The teacher randomly records the child's meaningful behavior or speech in a natural situation, such as "childish words" and "thinking waves". These contents are a good opportunity for teachers to analyze and understand children, and they are also a true portrayal of children's personality development.

2. System**.

In order to record comprehensively and quickly, the method of systematic recording is adopted to record the children's behavior and speech in the activity in a timely manner, and the record sheet is posted in a place where children and parents can see it. This method not only expands the scope of the record, but also avoids the situation where the observation time is delayed or the content of the record is forgotten due to the written record.

Observation record is a method of observing children in a natural way, truthfully recording children's behavior, analyzing, evaluating and understanding children's needs in all aspects, effectively using the assessment results, formulating guidance programs for children's further development, and providing valuable support for children's learning, activities and development. Preschool teachers should pay attention to the following points when compiling observation records:

Determine the target of observation. Before observation, preschool teachers should clearly define the scope, purpose and goal of their observation around the development areas of children's body movements, language expression, intellectual development, emotional and social interactions, and find out why they observe, what they observe, what they want to discover and what problems they expect to solve.

Master the structure of observation records. Generally, it consists of five parts: first, the basic situation of observation, such as the date of observation, the start and end time of observation, the place of observation, and the basic information of the object of observation; second, the purpose, objective and method of observation; the third is the record of the observation process; fourth, observation and analysis; Fifth, guidance programs or suggestions for children's sustainable development.

Appropriate use of basic methods of observation. The basic methods of observation are mainly random observation and planned observation. Random observation means that observation can be carried out at any time, place and link of the day's activities in the kindergarten.

Planned observation refers to making specific arrangements in advance for the observation objectives, objects, occasions, time, times, observers, recording methods, etc., and making observation and recording according to the plan.

Detailed documentation of observations. The recording of the observation process and results can be done by means of text description or narrative, combination with charts, etc., and can also be recorded with the help of video, photography, audio recording, work analysis and other auxiliary methods. Records should be done:

First, it should be primitive, objective and true; Second, it should be detailed and appropriate, and the key points should be highlighted; the third is to record in a timely and accurate manner, generally in the present tense; Fourth, the recording language should be specific, clear, concise and accurate.

Scientific analysis of observation records. The analysis and observation records should be child-oriented, follow the characteristics of children's physical and mental development and the laws of education activities, and use scientific child development theories and preschool education concepts to analyze: first, the process of analysis and observation, including what children can do and what level they have reached; The second is to interpret children's behaviors from the perspectives of emotion, attitude, ability, knowledge, and skills, analyze children's needs and experiences, and promote children's further development according to the "Learning and Development Guide for Children Aged 3-6"; The third is to analyze the reasons for children's behaviors and clarify the deep demands of children based on the observation goals, combined with culture, physiology, psychology, society, environment and children's growth experience. Fourth, the findings are linked to their own work practices for analysis.

Develop guidance programmes to support the further development of young children. Based on the analysis of observation records, preschool teachers reflect on their current teaching strategies, deeply think about how to better meet children's interests, needs and possibilities, how to provide more appropriate help, guidance and support for children, and how to further improve their education and teaching decisions and behaviors from the aspects of content, methods, strategies, environment, conditions, etc., and on this basis, formulate plans to support children's development.

The teacher's observation of the student includes facial expressions, eye gaze, movements, etc.

1. Facial expressions.

In teaching activities, teachers should pay attention to the various facial expressions of students and understand the message conveyed to learn Zheng Oak's mentality. When students are confused, they often frown, their lips are closed, and they look anxious. When they understand the learning content, they stretch their eyebrows, smile, and nod frequently; When students think about problems, they often have heavy faces, their eyes slightly closed, their lips closed, and sometimes words in their mouths.

Attentively listening, his expression is focused, and his lips are slightly open. When he is absent-minded, his expression is blank, and his eyebrows open and close; When you are impatient, your eyebrows are tightly locked, you frequently complain, or you are anxious and anxious.

2. As far as the eye can see.

Students' gaze often reveals their true emotions, and teachers should pay attention to capturing and appreciating the message conveyed by students' gaze. Teachers should capture the information in a timely manner, identify the reasons, and adjust the teaching strategies in a timely manner.

3. Action. The student's body language will also reveal the student's psychological feelings during the learning process. Usually, students lean forward slightly, support their cheeks with their hands, or lay their hands flat when listening intently. When confused, they will shake their heads or turn their heads or turn their heads; After understanding a difficult point, he will change his original posture and often lean back; When impatient, they often unconsciously shake their bodies, or cross their arms to their chests, or stomp on their knees.