What are the three major manifestations of civilizational breakthroughs?

1. The main content of the cell theory is that the cell is the basic structural unit of animal and plant organisms, and it is also the basic unit of life activities. In this way, the structural unity of the whole biological world is demonstrated, and the cell connects all the species in the biological world, and there is a kinship between organisms.

This is a huge endorsement of the theory of biological evolution. The establishment of the cell theory gave a strong impetus to the development of biology and provided an important natural scientific basis for dialectical materialism, which Engels spoke highly of and praised the cell theory as one of the three major discoveries of natural science in the 19th century.

2. Theory of biological evolution In 1859, Charles Darwin, a British biologist and the founder of the theory of biological evolution, put forward the theory of natural selection for biological evolution in his magnum opus "The Origin of Species". The main point of the doctrine is that individuals in groups have differences in traits and that these individuals have different adaptations to the environment in which they live; Due to limited space and food, there is competition between individuals for survival, as a result, individuals with favorable traits are able to survive and pass on to their offspring through reproduction, and individuals with unfavorable traits are gradually eliminated (Darwin called this process of retaining the good and eliminating the inferior in nature natural selection); Due to the long-term effects of natural selection, the same species distributed in different regions may have divergent traits and lead to the formation of new species.

3. The Law of Conservation of Energy and Transformation The law of conservation of energy and transformation was an important theoretical cornerstone of natural science in the 19th century. The significance of conservation of energy is, first and foremost, to establish an equiquantitative relationship between certain physical quantities in the process of material motion and change. In this regard, we do not need to know the actual interaction process between matter, nor do we need to know the transformation path between energy in the process of material motion change, as long as the relationship between energy and physical quantity corresponding to the state of matter motion is established, we can establish an equal relationship between the initial state and the final state in the process of material motion change, so as to facilitate the solution of the quantity of the material motion change process.

Looking at human beings from the perspective of the earth, the three major breakthroughs in ancient civilization are:

1. The invention and use of ceramics and copper and iron ware.

2. The invention and use of writing and printing.

3. Training of animals and plants.

The three major breakthroughs of modern civilization are:

1. The invention and use of alternating current.

2. Invention and use of integrated circuits.

3. Safe use of nuclear energy.

Looking at human beings from the perspective of the universe, the three major breakthroughs in civilization are:

1. The safety and controllability of solar nuclear fusion, this earthlings are working hard, and I feel very mysterious, I wonder if there will be a big breakthrough in 30 years?

Second, the exploration and utilization of the energy of the galactic black hole, this is too sci-fi, and the earthlings can't do it now, and it only exists in the online text.

3. What is the essence of life? How to do what you want?

This earthlings now only know the fur of the fur.