What changed in the Ming and Qing dynasties

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty is the historical stage of Chinese history from 1600 to 1700 AD, when it happened to be the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty"Late Ming and early Qing Dynasty"。

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it happened to be the seventeenth century of China from 1600 to 1700 AD, which experienced the founding of the Later Jin Dynasty in 1616, the Ming and Qing Wars from 1616 to 1644, the late Ming Dynasty Civil Rebellion from 1628 to 1644, the establishment of Dashun in 1642, Li Zicheng's destruction of the Ming Dynasty in 1644, Wu Sangui's surrender to the Qing Dynasty in 1644, the Qing Dynasty's collection of troops into the customs in 1645, the establishment of the Southern Ming Dynasty in 1644, the Qing Dynasty's destruction of Dashun in 1645, and the Daxi Ming Dynasty. It also experienced the decades-long war between the Southern Ming and Qing Dynasty from 1645 to 1662, and then experienced the rebellion of the three feudatories in 1673, Kangxi ** and so on.

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty is the historical stage of Chinese history from 1600 to 1700 AD, which happened to be the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, so it is abbreviated"Late Ming and early Qing Dynasty"。

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty happened to be the seventeenth century of China from 1600 to 1700 AD, which experienced the founding of the Later Jin Dynasty in 1616, the Ming and Qing Wars from 1616 to 1644, the late Ming Dynasty Civil Rebellion from 1628 to 1644, the establishment of Sotuan Dashun in 1642, Li Zicheng's destruction of Beijing in 1644, Wu Sanshi's Hu Tangerine Gui's surrender to the Qing Dynasty in 1644, the entry of the Qing army into the customs in 1645, the establishment of the Southern Ming Dynasty in 1644, the Qing Dynasty in 1645, the Daxi Ming Dynasty, It also experienced the decades-long war between the Southern Ming and Qing Dynasty from 1645 to 1662, and then experienced the rebellion of the three feudatories in 1673, and the recovery of Taiwan by Kangxi Zuoye.

The history of the transition from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty can be traced back to the mid-17th century. During this period, the Ming Dynasty was in a state of decline, with political corruption, a weak army, and poor livelihoods. At the same time, the Manchurians established the Qing Dynasty, which gradually became stronger, eventually replacing the Ming Dynasty.

Here are some of the major historical events and processes:

1.Establishment of the Later Jin Regime: In 1616, Nurhachi's Later Jin regime was established in Shenyang, Liaoning, which marked the rise of the Manchurians.

2.Decline of the Ming Dynasty: The Ming Dynasty was politically corrupt, militarily weak, and socially unstable in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the bureaucracy was corrupt, the people were struggling to make a living, and internal and external troubles provided an opportunity for the rise of the Qing Dynasty.

3.Rise of the Qing Dynasty: In 1644, Qing troops captured Beijing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself, and the Ming Dynasty fell.

4.Qing Entry: Qing troops under the leadership of the regent Dolgon entered the Shanhai Pass, advanced southward, and gradually conquered northern China.

5.Southern Ming resistance: After the Qing army moved south, the remnants of the Ming Dynasty established a series of resistance regimes in the south, such as the Fuwang regime and the Tang dynasty regime. These resistance regimes held out under the iron heel of the Qing Dynasty for a while, allowing Zhi to open his eyes but were eventually suppressed by the Qing Dynasty.

6.Qing Dynasty's Unification of China: After a series of wars and political maneuvers, the Qing Dynasty finally unified China and established the last feudal dynasty in Chinese history.

Overall, the transition from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty was a turbulent historical period, filled with wars, political turmoil, and social change. In this process, the rise of the Manchurians and the decline of the Ming Dynasty were the main historical events and processes. The end of this period marked the end of China's feudal dynasties and laid the foundation for the rise of the Qing dynasty.

Categories: Education, Science, >> Science & Technology.

Analysis: From April 1618, Nurhachi commanded the Houjin army and successively conquered the Ming Dynasty's Liaodong towns Fushun, Kaiyuan, and Tieling, and achieved the great victory of Salhu, annihilating the Ming Dynasty's living forces in Liaodong. In March 1621, after Nurhachi captured Shenyang, he took advantage of the victory to conquer Liaoyang City, and moved the capital to Liaoyang Kaihua in April.

In the first month of 1622, Nurhachi led a large army to cross the Liao River west and captured the military town of Guangning (also known as Beizhen) in the Ming Dynasty. In 1625, the capital was moved to Shenyang. At this time, Nurhachi, the lord of the Later Jin Dynasty, completely swept away the power of the Ming Dynasty in the Liaodong region.

In 1636 AD, Huang Taiji was proclaimed emperor in Shengjing (Shenyang) Mingtong and changed the name of the country to Qing. In 1638, Fulin (Shunzhi) ascended the throne in Shengjing, and because of his young age, he was regent by his uncle Dorgon. In 1644, Li Zicheng conquered the city of Beijing, Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself, and Li was proclaimed emperor.

On April 13 of the same year, the Qing army and Wu Sangui defeated Li Zicheng at Shanhaiguan. Subsequently, the Qing army entered the customs, and Shunzhi entered the city of Beijing, and since then, the Qing Dynasty has completely replaced the Ming Dynasty. (I also checked some information and found out that the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty had a period of coexistence, that is, 1636-1644).

The Jianzhou Jurchens rose to prominence at the end of the 16th century under the leadership of Nurhaqi, and in 1616 they established the Jin state, known as the Later Jin in history. In 1619, he defeated the Ming army in the Battle of Salhu.

In 1626, Nurhaqi died of illness, and his son Emperor Taiji succeeded to the throne, Keshao Jiqiu, who subjugated Korea and Chahar Mongolia respectively, and obtained the jade seal of the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, in 1636, he changed his name to Manchuria and named the country the Great Qing Dynasty, but he died of illness a year before the fall of the Ming Dynasty.

In the face of a ten-year drought, the people were struggling to make a living, and the imperial court did not provide relief to the victims, so the officials forced the people to rebel. Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong respectively led an uprising to attack the imperial court. On March 18, 1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty hanged himself on Meishan, and the Ming Dynasty perished.

In late March 1644, his younger brother Prince Rui Dolgon assisted the six-year-old Shunzhi Emperor and cooperated with Wu Sangui, the guard of the Shanhai Pass of the Ming Dynasty, to sweep away the Liukou and eliminate the remnants of the Southern Ming Dynasty, and initially establish the rule of the Qing Dynasty in the Guannei.

In the 17th year of Chongzhen, in 1644 AD, Li Zicheng's peasant army attacked the city of Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself on the coal mountain. The Ming Dynasty, which had ruled China for 276 years, was shattered, and although many princes and nobles still established a series of so-called Southern Ming regimes in the south, they were also unable to recover. After Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, he once wanted to win over Wu Sangui, the then Liaodong commander-in-chief, but Wu Sangui certainly didn't want to be a traitor at the beginning, so he accepted the military salary sent by Li Zicheng, which was tantamount to acknowledging Li Zicheng's Dashun regime.

But later, Liu Zongmin, the general under King Li Chuang, forcibly occupied Wu Sangui's concubine Chen Yuanyuan, and humiliated his father Wu Xiang, Wu Sangui was furious, and wrote a letter that night, sending someone to the regent of the Qing Dynasty at that time, Dolgon, requesting to belong to the Qing Dynasty and eliminate Li Zicheng. Wu Sangui's tens of thousands of Guanning iron horsemen were dressed in white helmets and white armor, claiming to avenge Emperor Chongzhen. Li Zicheng heard that Wu Sangui was against the water, and also led an army of 100,000 to attack, the two sides fought a mess, Wu Sangui because of the numerical advantage, gradually unable to support, at this moment, the Qing army led by Dolgon arrived, the peasant army has been fighting with Wu Sangui for several days, has long been tired, saw that suddenly a lot of soldiers and horses were killed, frightened to retreat, Li Zicheng saw the eight banners braid soldiers all over the mountains, knew that he could not win, so he fled with his subordinates, and later disappeared mysteriously in Jiugong Mountain.

After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, they officially began to seize the national power, under the leadership of Wu Sangui, under the banner of hatred for the Ming Dynasty, all the way to the momentum of the bamboo, the god horse Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong, King Lu, King Fu, King Gui have become floating clouds. In the 18th year of Shunzhi, in 1661 AD, Wu Sangui captured the Yongli Emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty basically completed the unification of the mainland. In the 22nd year of Kangxi, in 1683 AD, Shi Lang recovered Taiwan, and the era name of Nanming completely disappeared in China.

The so-called prosperity of the Ming and Qing dynasties is the highest peak of the development of China's feudal society, and it of course also means that after reaching the peak, it will inevitably go downhill, so there will be a historical phenomenon of weakness in China!

The germ of capitalist production relations appeared in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and the bud of capitalism in the Qing Dynasty developed slowly.

Politically, the centralization system gradually developed to its peak.

Economically, the budding capitalism emerged in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, and after the Qing army entered the customs, it continued to emphasize agriculture and suppress commerce, and implemented a sea ban, which inhibited the development of capitalism and made it stay in the bud.

Culturally, new styles such as scripts and ** appeared, and the formation of Peking Opera in the Qing Dynasty was in short, the development of the feudal dynasty reached its peak, and it began to decline after Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, I had the following views:

Literally:

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, that is, the Ming Dynasty existed in name only, and the Qing Dynasty sprouted.

In terms of time, it is:

We can analyze it specifically:

History of the Ming Dynasty from 1368 A.D. to 1644 A.D.

In 1636, Huang Taiji changed the name of the country to "Great Qing", and the rule of the Ming Dynasty overthrown in 1644 was summarized from this: the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty can be estimated to be 1636-1644 AD, which is 8 years.

Historically, it is:

In the 7th year of the Ming Dynasty's Apocalypse (1627 AD), the Shaanxi Wanger Rebellion was the beginning of the end of the Ming Dynasty, and then Zheng Chenggong's anti-Qing restoration of the Ming Dynasty was the end of the early Qing Dynasty, which was 1684 AD.

In this way, the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty was 1627-1684 AD, a period of 57 years.

Summary: A total of 57 years have taken place at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, and from a subjective point of view, it is 8 years.

In 1644, the Qing Dynasty was established and the Ming Dynasty perished.

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty were from 1600 to 1644.

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty refers to the historical stage of Chinese history from 1600 to 1644, which happened to be the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, so it is referred to as the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty.

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty happened to be China in the 17th century, which experienced the founding of the Later Jin Dynasty), the Ming and Qing Wars, the Civil Revolution at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the establishment of Dashun, Li Zicheng's destruction of the Ming Dynasty, the surrender of Wu Sangui to the Qing Dynasty, and the entry of the Qing army.

The establishment of the Southern Ming Dynasty, the destruction of the Great Shun, the fall of the Great West to the Ming Dynasty, and the decades-long war between the Southern Ming and the Qing Dynasty, and then the rebellion of the three feudatories, Kangxi's recovery of Taiwan, and so on.

1600 1644.

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty is the historical stage in Chinese history (1600 to 1644), which happened to be the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, so it is referred to as "the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty".

The end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty happened to be China in the 17th century (1600-1700), which experienced the opening of the Later Jin Dynasty (1616), the Ming and Qing Wars (1616-1644), the late Ming Dynasty Civil Rebellion (1628-1644), the establishment of Dashun (1642), and Li Zicheng's destruction of the Ming Dynasty (1644);

Wu Sangui descended to the Qing Dynasty (1644), the Qing army entered the customs (1645), the Southern Ming Dynasty established (1644), the Qing Dynasty destroyed Dashun (1645), the Great West descended to the Ming Dynasty, and experienced the decades-long war between the Southern Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (1645-1662), and then experienced the rebellion of the three feudatories (1673), Kangxi's recovery of Taiwan, and so on.