How can doctors tell if a nodule is benign or malignant? Are malignant nodules cancer?

Just judge by the location of the nodule and the growth of the nodule. It is true that generally speaking, malignant nodules mean malignant tumors, that is, cancer.

Doctors make judgments based on their own experience, as well as their own judgment, as well as scientific data. Malignant nodules are not necessarily cancer.

The doctor will judge by the texture of the nodule, the surrounding lines, the growth rate, etc., and of course, a lot of clinical experience. Malignant nodules are not necessarily cancer, you must listen to the doctor.

It can be determined based on the results of the examination, based on the growth situation, based on ultrasonography, and the morphological condition.

If you want to effectively judge whether your nodule is benign or malignant, you can judge it through some typical symptoms, or you can go to the hospital for a series of examinations. It's the same, for malignant nodules, it belongs to malignant tumors, and cancer is its collective name.

It is mainly judged by clinical observation and sometimes by high-frequency ultrasound testing. Both are the same, malignant nodules are cancers that can spread.

It is necessary to go to the hospital for examination, which needs to be determined according to the specific level of activity, and what can be promoted can generally be judged to be benign, which is different from cancer.

Generally speaking, CT is done first, and if it is roughly judged according to the morphology, if it is considered likely to be malignant, as long as the patient's physical condition allows, surgical resection is recommended (thoracotomy or thoracoscopy is decided according to the situation), and the benign and malignant is determined by rapid pathology during the operation, and then follow-up ** is done according to this result.

If the patient's physical condition is not suitable for surgery, it depends on the location of the nodule, and if possible, a lung puncture or bronchoscopy is done to take a little tissue for slicing to determine whether it is benign or malignant.

If you can't even do lung puncture, the only way to judge is to do PET CT, generally speaking, the cost is 8000-9000, all at your own expense, but the accuracy of judging benign and malignant is slightly lower than that of pathology, and if it is malignant, you can't judge the type of pathology, which is very unfavorable to follow-up**.

1.Preliminary determination of benign and malignant appearance of pulmonary nodules — Imaging studies

Supporting benign signs: no lobulation; edges (sharp corners, fibrous cords, smooth); pleural thickening; The nodule is stable.

Supporting malignant signs: marginal (lobulated, burred); pleural depression sign; vascular bundle sign; Diameter: 8 mm; The nodule increases in size.

2.Internally determining benign or malignant pulmonary nodules — Imaging studies

Supporting benign signs: uniform low density (AAH); Calcify; In the absence of an increase in density, the lesion shrinks or disappears.

Supporting malignant markers: Mggn with uneven density and more than 50% solid components often indicate a high probability of malignancy; Persistent GGN is mostly malignant; Contrast-enhanced CT scan showed an enhancement of 15 hu, indicating a high probability of malignant nodules; angiogenesis; Vacuoles.

3.Laboratory test markers

Tuberculin test: about 2 3 patients with nodules have no or very weak response to the ** test of 100 u tuberculin;

Conventional tumor markers: gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (PRO-GRP); Neuro-specific enolase (NSE); Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA); cytokeratin fragment 19 (cyfra21-1); Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC).

Novel markers: such as circulating tumor cells, CTDNA detection, etc.

Sputum cytology.

You can distinguish according to your own physical aspect, diet, illness, work and rest, and mental aspect. Because these aspects are very important to a person, and they can also reflect whether a person's body is healthy or not, we must pay attention to these aspects.

You can tell it by doing color ultrasound, or you can look at your own reaction, if you have a cough or blood in the sputum, and feel some burrs at the edges, it may be benign, and if there is pain, it is malignant.

The body's reaction is different, the speed of change is not the same, and the shape is not the same, so you can go to the hospital for examination in time.

Sarcoidosis is not cancer, sarcoidosis is a sarcomatoid lesion but can become cancerous. Sarcoidosis is caused by problems with autoimmunity, especially when the autoimmune system is activated for some reason, resulting in the production of immune antibodies and antibody complexes, causing damage to multiple systems and organs in the body. In this case, there will be a large number of growths, producing a sarcoma-like substance, resulting in lesions.

This disease requires an anti-immune approach**.

From the pathological point of view, if this malignant nodule does not come from the squamous epithelial cells of the body, but begins from the mesenchymal organs, the malignant diseases are usually called sarcosarcoma, such as liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, etc., which do not belong to cancer, but belong to the scope of sarcosarcos. In addition, it is very likely that there is also a malignant disease originating from the lymph node hematopoietic cell system software, called malignant lymphoma, and this kind of malignant lymph node nodule is not cancer, but lymphoma.

If the patient's lungs remind the nodules in the lungs, in general, they are not the early nodules of cancer, including benign nodules and malignant nodules, malignant nodules may be the early stage of cancer, if the nodules in the patient's lungs are multiple, the edges are relatively smooth, the nodules are small, and the patient has no other clinical manifestations and clinical symptoms, you can return to the clinic on time.

If the patient's nodules are relatively large, the edges are convex and uneven, and there are rough signs, and at the same time accompanied by dry cough, cough with phlegm, low-grade fever, thinness and other diseases, we must further improve the malignant tumor series products, lung puncture of the nodules, blood sedimentation rate, PPD test and other corresponding examinations to establish the diagnosis. If the patient is considered to be a malignant nodule and needs to be surgically removed, chemotherapy and radiotherapy or chemotherapy can also be given, and if the patient's nodule is not active tuberculosis, everyone must be treated with anti-tuberculosis.

Yes, it could be the pre-stage stage of cancer, and if there is some pain on it and it moves a lot, it could be cancer.

No. Many nodules are benign, and such things will slowly heal, and some cancerous will not occur.