Jiuzimo, has it still been produced since the end of the Qing Dynasty?

In the seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1579), the Italian missionary Luo Mingjian brought Western oil paintings to Chinese mainland for the first time. At that time, when inspecting the belongings carried by Luo Mingjian, the local ** found some "finely painted icons". Hu Guanghua believes that "fine brushwork" is the artistic expression characteristic of European Renaissance oil paintings, and these "painted icons" should be the earliest Western religious oil paintings introduced to China.

However, from the 17th century to the end of the Qing Dynasty, oil painting was introduced to China at the very beginning of its development, and oil painting was taught in China at the beginning of the 20th century.

The economic base, that is, the economic structure of a society, refers to the sum total of all aspects of the dominant production relations in a given society. The economic basis is the sum total of all aspects of the dominant relations of production corresponding to a certain stage of development of the material productive forces. The basic concept of historical materialism.

In contrast to the "superstructure". It is one of the two basic levels of social structure.

1. One of the two basic areas of social life.

Productivity: Human beings use all kinds of professional science and engineering technologies to manufacture and create material civilization and spiritual civilization products to meet the ability of human beings to survive and live.

Specific to the Qing Dynasty, the economic basis can also be said to be the natural economy of self-sufficiency in the relations of production, although the germ of capitalism had already emerged at the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was not well developed in feudal society, let alone the mainstream.

As for productivity, it seems that it is not easy to describe, but in short, it should be mainly agriculture, mechanization is not widespread, and productivity is low compared with capitalist countries in the same period.

I don't know what you're going to do, but I hope it helps.

The natural economy began to disintegrate, capitalism sprouted and capitalist relations of production emerged.

I think that opium is not banned, and Lin Zexu Humen's cigarette sales only symbolically destroyed some opium, but although it is rare to smoke big cigarettes in today's society, can it be said that there is no one at all? The prohibition of opium is not something that can be solved by one person, but depends on everyone together, and if everyone does not smoke big cigarettes, then it is truly banned.

In the case of foreign opium, it has long been defeated by native opium. Local, we have to wait until ***, the end of the primary transformation of society, 1956.

The first purpose was to ensure a farce of rule from above, which led to a lack of active support for the New Deal from the lower classes.

Second, the New Deal can be said to be a decree-style reform, with top-down decrees as the main tool, and decrees are not applied to the bureaucracy, let alone to the lower classes.

Because it is a bourgeois reform (from the top down is the reform [mild], from the bottom up is the revolution [violent version]).

The reform is based on the interests of the people who are safeguarded.

Zhang Wenxiang's horse stabbing case

The story outline of "Casting a Name" is adapted from the stabbing horse case, one of the four strange cases in the late Qing Dynasty, directed by Chen Kexin, starring Jet Li, Andy Lau, and Takeshi Kaneshiro.

Governor of the Assassination Horse Case.

After the defeat of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, it was rumored that Zeng Guofan had ambitions, but in fact, his subordinates had long encouraged him to seek the throne. When fighting against the Taiping army, the Qing court had to rely on the Hunan army, but now that the Taiping army has been "flattened", can the Empress Dowager Cixi allow Zeng Guofan to sit in the south of the Yangtze River? There is a tiger lying in the southeast, and she is not at ease when she sleeps.

So she transferred Zeng Guofan out of Jiangning, sent Ma Xinyi as the governor of Liangjiang, and quickly dismantled the Hunan army.

The assassination of Jiangning was captured by the Hunan army, and Liangjiang has always been regarded as private land by the Hunan army, and they have been operating there for several years, how can they easily give it to Ma Xinyi. Ma Xinyi has not had his own army for decades, and came to Jiangning alone, like entering the tiger's den in Longtan. Ma Xinyi was assassinated, and the court knew in its heart that in order not to provoke a mutiny and shake the rule of the Qing Dynasty, it hurriedly transferred Zeng Guofan back to Jiangning to sit in town.

Since then, the throne of the governor of Liangjiang has been in the hands of the Hunan system for a long time, and others dare not ask about it.

No. It was from the pre-Qin period to the early Qing Dynasty. When collecting books, it was the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Excludes the middle and late Qing Dynasty.