What are the side effects of mannitol? Are mannitol tablets available orally?

Mannitol is a good diuretic in medicine, reducing intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure and kidney medicine, dehydrating agent, sugar substitute, also used as an excipient for tablets and a solid and liquid diluent. As a hyperosmotic antihypertensive drug, mannitol injection is a commonly used drug in clinical rescue, especially in the rescue of brain diseases, and has the characteristics of fast antihypertensive and accurate efficacy required by drugs to reduce intracranial pressure. As an excipient for tablets, mannitol has no hygroscopicity, fast drying, good chemical stability, and has the characteristics of refreshing taste and good granulation, and is used for most tablets such as anticancer drugs, antibacterial drugs, antihistamines and vitamins.

The role of mannitol is mainly used to regulate and control blood pressure. Of course, it is also used for other medical purposes.

Efficacy. Injection:

1) Tissue dehydration medications. It is used for cerebral edema caused by various reasons, reducing intracranial pressure and preventing brain herniation.

2) Lowers intraocular pressure. It can effectively reduce intraocular pressure, and should be used when other intraocular antitenuators are ineffective or in preparation for intraocular surgery.

3) Osmotic diuretics. Used to distinguish between prerenal diuretic factors or oliguria due to acute renal failure. It can also be used to prevent acute tubular necrosis caused by various causes.

Mannitol is a colorless, oily substance that is mainly used for constipation**.

Uses: Mannitol is a good diuretic in medicine, reducing intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure and kidney medicine, dehydration drugs, sugar substitutes, also used as an excipient for tablets and a solid and liquid diluent. As a hyperosmolar antihypertensive drug, mannitol injection is a commonly used drug in clinical rescue, especially in the rescue of brain diseases, and has the characteristics of rapid antihypertensive effect and accurate efficacy required by drugs to reduce intracranial pressure.

After mannitol enters the body, it can increase plasma osmolality, dehydrate tissues, reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure, and after filtration from the glomeruli, it is not easy to be reabsorbed by the renal glomeruli, so that the urine osmotic pressure increases, and a large amount of water is brought out and dehydrated, which is used for cerebral trauma, edema caused by lack of oxygen to brain tissue, edema caused by extensive burns, and ascites glaucoma caused by renal failure. It can also prevent and treat early acute renal insufficiency.

1. Water and electrolyte imbalances are the most common. Somo Tsuki.

Rapid intravenous mannitol can cause the accumulation of mannitol in the body, a rapid and large increase in blood volume (especially in acute and chronic renal failure), leading to heart failure (especially when there is cardiac impairment), dilutive hyponatremia, and occasionally hyperkalemia;

Inappropriate excessive diuresis leads to hypovolemia and worsens oliguria;

Transfer of large amounts of intracellular fluid to the outside of the cell can lead to tissue dehydration and can cause central nervous system symptoms.

The efficacy of mannitol.

Mannitol is an osmotic laxative and dehydrating agent that is widely used in clinical practice. What it does is:

1. Use dehydration drugs to reduce intracranial pressure and prevent cerebral congestion.

2. When the intraocular pressure drops, it can effectively reduce the intraocular pressure, and it should be used when other intraocular pressure reduction is ineffective or when preparing for surgery.

3. Oliguria caused by prerenal factors or acute renal failure defibrillation, osmotic diuresis can also be used to prevent acute tubular necrosis caused by various reasons.

Fourth, it is used to assist diuretic ** nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis ascites, especially hypoproteinemia.

5. For some drug poisoning, this product can promote the excretion of the above-mentioned jujube finch and prevent nephrotoxicity.

6. It can be used for transurethral prostatectomy and can be used as a doushing agent.

7. Preoperative bowel preparation.

The diuretic effect is strong, its mechanism of action is mainly divided into two aspects, the drug can increase blood volume, and can effectively promote the secretion of prostaglandin I2, effectively dilate the patient's renal blood vessels, increase the toxicity of digitalis, and hypokalemia has a direct relationship, but will cause some adverse reactions, such as water and electrolyte disorders, and even the case of cardiopulmonary failure, occasional hyperemia, friends must have a comprehensive understanding of mannitol drugs, once there is an abnormality, to use the drug correctly**.

Mannitol is a natural sugar alcohol that has the following effects:

Diuretic effect: mannitol can increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, promote urine excretion, and thus play a diuretic effect.

Reduce intracranial pressure: mannitol can reduce the water content of brain tissue and reduce intracranial pressure through osmosis, and is often used for intracranial hypertension caused by cerebral edema and craniocerebral trauma.

Improve liver function: mannitol can promote the metabolism and detoxification function of liver cells, and has a certain protective effect on the liver.

Antioxidant use: Mannitol has a certain antioxidant effect, which can reduce the production of free radicals, help to delay aging and prevent chronic diseases.

Other effects: mannitol can also be used for constipation, diabetes, hypertension and other diseases, and has certain anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and other effects.