What processes did ancient inhabitants need to go through to make pottery

The process of making pottery.

Before making a piece of pottery, the most basic thing is to choose the right clay. Clay is the raw material for making pottery, and it is divided into clay and china clay. Porcelain clay has less lead content, no many impurities, higher alumina content, and higher melting point, while clay may contain some trace metals or other grasses, so the temperature required for clay forming is low, and the temperature required for porcelain clay forming is higher.

The next step is to get your hands dirty. First of all, you have the shape you want (here we make a deformed vase) in your head, and then you need to rely on the drawing machine to draw the wet mud into a cylinder, and then as the drawing machine rotates, the cylinder is brought closer to the shape you have conceived.

Make the bottom shape according to the bottle shape, wait until the clay is half dry, and then dip it in water to glue the bottle shape and the bottom, it is a very simple utensil.

Then pour the mud into the shape, let the mud condense near the bottom, the time is freely controlled according to the temperature, mud concentration, self-needs and other factors, to a certain thickness, the mud water inside to the out, until there is no water, and wait for the mud to be half dry and carefully trim the shape of the device until you are satisfied.

Take it to the kiln and burn it for another two or three hours, and you're done.

The production is made of clay as a tire, processed and formed by hand kneading, wheel making, molding and other methods, and then roasted at a high temperature of 800-1000.

Pottery crafts are the oldest arts and crafts in China. As far back as the Neolithic Age, there were rough and solid gray pottery, red pottery, white pottery, painted pottery and black pottery. In the Shang Dynasty, glazed pottery and hard glazed pottery that began to take on the nature of porcelain appeared; Porcelain was created in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty reached a high degree of maturity in production technology and artistic creation.

In the Song Dynasty, the porcelain industry flourished, and famous kilns emerged. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, ceramics surpassed their predecessors in technology from billet making, decoration, glazing to firing. Chinese ceramics have flourished so far, Yixing's purple clay pot, Shiwan's pottery, Jieshou's three-color glazed pottery, Zibo's color-reducing pottery, Tongguan's green glazed pottery, Chongning's carved glazed pottery, Dehua's porcelain carving, Jingdezhen's willow leaf bottle, phoenix tail bottle, etc., are all famous all over the world.

1. Clay strip plate.

The source method of making clay strip plate is one of the most convenient and expressive techniques in pottery molding. zhi can make works that can be made by any other molding method, such as circles, squares, aliens, and even sculptures. On the one hand, the clay strips can be bent and changed freely, which is convenient for making some more complex, less regular, and more casual pottery sculptures, and it can retain the handmade traces and spiraling textures left by the clay strips when the clay strips are built, and of course, they can also be trimmed without leaving traces.

2. The clay tablet forming method uses clay to grind, shoot or cut into a plate shape to inlay and control the utensils, which is called the clay tablet forming method. This method is widely used in pottery making and has a wide variety of variations. The traditional purple sand ware is made by molding clay tablets.

Clay tablets can vary with the humidity of the clay. The comparatively wet soft mud board can be twisted, rolled and other methods can be freely changed, and can be shaped at will; Slightly dry clay tablets can be made into straighter utensils. The thickness of the clay tablet depends on the size of the utensils, but it should be noted that the thickness of the clay tablet should be uniform.

3. Freehand kneading method.

Freehand kneading is the most direct expression of the author's techniques and ideas. It is the easiest to make it by hand, and this is a new method.

1.Ding, pot, and retort for cooking utensils.

2.The goblet for drinking utensils, the beans, the jars, the bowls, and the three-legged plates for the eating vessels 3Pots, urns, jars, etc., for containers.

4.(with earlier pottery) as an antique.

5.Ornament.

The purpose of the pottery made by the primitive inhabitants is: to hold millet, to put seeds, and to put food.

The role of pottery is the same as that of modern humans, it is used to hold and hold food; The wide application of pottery has gradually brought mankind to modern civilization.

1 serving of food.

2. Store food.

3 Drink water.

Ancient Ceramics Production Flow Chart.

Mud-panning: The first process of porcelain-making --- mud-panning, which is to pan the porcelain clay into usable porcelain clay.

2.Stacked clay: The washed porcelain clay cannot be used immediately, it should be divided and stacked into columns for easy storage and drawing.

3.Blank drawing: Put the stacked porcelain clay into the large turntable, and pull the porcelain clay into a porcelain blank by rotating the turntable, by hand and the blank drawing tool.

4.Printing blank: The drawn porcelain blank is only a prototype, and it is also necessary to select different impressions according to the shape to be made to print the porcelain blank into various shapes.

5.Trimming: The thickness of the freshly printed blank is uneven, and the printed blank needs to be scraped neatly and evenly through the process of trimming.

6.Water squeezing: Water squeezing is an indispensable process, that is, washing off the dust on the blank with clean water, and preparing for the next process such as glazing the blank.

7.Painting blanks: painting on the blank is a major feature of ceramic art, there are many kinds of blanks, there are freehand, there are good paper sketches, and so on.

8.Glazing: The surface of the painted porcelain blank is rough, but after the glaze is applied, it is completely different, smooth and bright: different glazing techniques are completely different.

Effect. 9.Firing kiln: The porcelain billet is smelted at a high temperature of 1,000 degrees Celsius in the kiln.

10.Porcelain: After a few days of smelting, the porcelain blanks in the kiln have been turned into pieces of fine porcelain.

1.Take special soil bai such as the Yellow River.

Mud 2Sieve to remove impurities and soak zhi 3Knead the mud to make it tough4Blank formingdao yin drying (can be carved.

Hollowing out and other processes are answered) and then dried in the shade.

5.Kiln temperature 800---1400 The old traditional practice is to see the color of the flame with the human eye.

It is very spectacular that foreign ones now have intelligent control of electric kilns.

6.The color, in addition to the temperature, is specially added with some materials, which are mainly used for smoking (different from porcelain glaze).

Pottery is generally fired, without cracks, defects, and deformation, even if it is completed.

Method: There are mainly six BAIs

Sudden 1Make a tire.

2.Cloisonné

3.Point blue zhi

4.Burnt blue. 5.Burnish.

6.Gild. First of all, use red copper to make the tire, beat it into the form of a pre-designed genus, and then take the flat copper wire and stick it on the surface of the copper tire, cut it properly, and clamp it with pliers. Secondly, spray the color with water first, stir it evenly with silver powder, copper powder, and borax, sieve it on it, put it in the fire, and take it out to cool. Then polish it with emery stone to make the surface smooth.

Finally, it is gold-plated, and the gold-plated copper wire will not rust. All the work is done by hand!

1.Ding, pot, and retort for cooking utensils.

2.The goblet for drinking vessels, and the beans, cooks, bowls, and three-legged plates for eating vessels.

3.Pots, urns, jars, etc., for containers.

4.(with earlier pottery) as an antique.

5.Ornament.

<>1. Practicing mud: take porcelain stone, make it into brick-like mud through operation, and then mix the mud with water, remove the slag, rub it with both hands, squeeze out the air in the mud, and make the moisture in the mud uniform.

2. Drawing the embryo: drawing out the general appearance of the blank body is the first process of porcelain molding.

3. Blank: Cover the blank on the mold, and then demold.

4. Profit return: put it on the sharp barrel of the rolling car, rotate the car plate, and rotate it with a knife to make the thickness of the body appropriate and the surface and the inside smooth.

5. Drying blanks: The processed blanks are placed on the wooden frame to dry.

6. Engraving: Use bamboo, bone or iron knives to carve patterns on the dried body.

7. Glazing: Ordinary round ware uses glaze or glaze, while cutting ware or large round ware uses glaze blowing 8, kiln: first put the ceramic products into the sagger, the box is a container for the roasting of ceramic products, made of refractory materials, the role is to prevent the porcelain blank from direct contact with the kiln fire, to avoid pollution.

The kiln firing time process is about one day and night, and the temperature is about 1300 degrees. First build the kiln door, light the kiln, the fuel is pine firewood, the Tsubaki workers need to measure the fire, grasp the temperature change of the kiln, and decide the ceasefire time.

In the production of pottery, there are roughly several: one is the kneading method. It is to knead the mud dough into a certain shape by hand, and then make it into a certain vessel.

This method of making is rough and irregular. The second is the sticking method. The sticky mud is kneaded into pieces, and then attached to an object piece by piece, and after drying, it becomes a piece of pottery.

The third is the disc construction method. The mud is kneaded into strips, coiled from the bottom to the top, and then patted and pressed to complete. The most commonly used of the three is the third.