What are the classifications of the types of carvings in stone carving?

There are many types of stone carvings, which can be divided into two categories: ornamental and practical. Among them, ornamental stone carvings are mainly used for interior decoration and some small figures, animals, and landscape ornaments. Practical stone carvings include architectural stone carvings and religious objects.

This type of stone carving is mainly used in the production of imperial palaces, mansions, private houses, bridges, Buddhist statues, daily necessities and stationery. Building stone carving mainly refers to the decorative carving on various parts and components of various buildings, which is the main category of stone carving. The most common ones are stone archways, stone railings, stone pillars, stone lions, etc.

The comprehensive value of stone carving culture and art is extremely high, because of its particularity, a considerable part of it is a group carving. And it was given a soul by the sculptor or designer. It reflects social life and expresses the artist's aesthetic feelings, aesthetic emotions, and aesthetic ideals.

There are many stone pagodas built in China in the past dynasties, among which the use of stone carving art decoration is common, and the stone carving content in the tower in the temple is mostly related to various religious cultures. For example, the three towers of Dali from the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, the Yunju Temple Tower and the Stone Scripture built from the Tang Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, and the Shakyawen Pagoda of the Song Dynasty are not listed one by one. Space occupation classification, round carving and relief, relief carving is divided into high relief, low relief, Yin carving and openwork material processing classification, stone carving, copper carving (metal casting and forging), wood carving, root carving, jade carving and so on, urban sculpture, shelf sculpture, gift sculpture, miniature sculpture and so on.

According to different uses, it is divided into ornamentation, hanging and collection of stone craft ornaments and stone carvings. Such as jade ornaments, all kinds of ornamental stones and ornaments. This kind of stone carving products are relatively small in size. Grottoes and cliff carvings. Such as Dunhuang Grottoes, Yungang Grottoes, Longmen Grottoes, etc.

Cemetery stone carvings. Such as various mausoleum stone statues, sarcophagus, tomb offerings, etc. Stone carvings of palaces, mansions and gardens.

For example, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Chengde Shelter in Hebei Province are equipped with very classic stone carving products. Stone carvings of temples, shrines, altars, and altars. For example, the stone pillars, stone railings and shrines in the Yongge Palace in Beijing and the Confucius Temple in Shandong are all stone carving products.

Stone bridge stone carving. For example, the stone carving of the figure of Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei Province, the stone lion on the Lugou Bridge in Beijing, etc. Stone ques and archway stone carvings.

Such as the stone carving of the Confucian Temple. Stone carvings of the tower building. Such as various stone towers.

Stone carvings of inscriptions. Such as various monuments, mausoleums, etc. Stone carvings of people and animals.

Such as celebrity statues, Buddha statues, stone lions, etc. Stone carving of daily craft products. Such as tables, chairs, stools, coffee tables, lamps, inkstones, etc.

Modern urban garden with commemorative stone carvings. Such as large-scale urban sculptures, garden sculptures and commemorative sculptures.

According to the shape of the carved piece, it is divided into three-dimensional stone carving. Including three-dimensional figures, animal statues, fireplaces, carved capitals, etc. Flat stone carving.

Including reliefs, mirror frames, picture frames, openwork panes, engraved plaques, stone carvings, shadow carvings and line carvings, etc. According to the different processing tools used, hand-carved products. That is, the products carved and chiseled with hand tools such as chisels, hammers, and drills.

Semi-mechanized processing of engravings. That is, stone carvings that are partly handmade and partly mechanized. Fully automatic CNC machining of engravings.

Sandblasted carvings. Use a sandblasting engraving machine to engrave. The sandblasting engraving machine is to use an air machine (air pressure 5-6kg square meters) and emery jetting to engrave at the engraving place of the product.

Chemically corroded carvings. That is, the chemical reaction between the chemical corrosion liquid and the stone is used to achieve the carving of the stone. There are two types: embossed (relief) and intaglio.

The characteristics of stone carving and carving have developed into secularization, the style is simple and vigorous, and most of the stone carving content reflects the life customs of the people's houses, such as the stone carving of Yunnan people's houses, cattle herding, and fishing are the portrayal of the life characteristics of the people in the Ming and Qing dynasties at that time. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the stone archway is the most beautiful and exquisite. For example, the stone carving archway of the county seat of Lingshou County, Hebei Province, the Baishi Fang, Baishou Fang, the stone carving stone lion and stone archway of Shanxi Yuncheng in the Qing Dynasty, the stone carving archway of Shanxi Yuncheng are all famous for their exquisite stone carving craftsmanship.

Stone carving it pays attention to the realistic shape, the technique is round and delicate, and the pattern is smooth and free. Its traditional skills began in the Han Dynasty, matured in the Wei and Jin dynasties, and became popular in the Tang Dynasty. Stone carving is a collection of creativity, design, production of all kinds of art. Simply put, it is a work carved out of stone - a work of art.

In addition to the artistic characteristics of sculpture, I think there are the following characteristics that are different from sculptures of other materials:

1. Sturdy and durable. The stone carvings are made of stone with high density, strong hardness and high corrosion resistance, and have the reputation of being a thousand cattle without rotting.

2. In the carving process, it is a process of subtraction. Stone carving is usually a complete stone, and the unwanted parts are knocked out little by little, so as to create it.

Hope it helps!

Stone carving, also known as "carving", is a general term for carving, carving, and plastic creation methods.

Stone carving is a kind of plastic art, which refers to the use of various plastic materials or carved and carved hard materials to create a visual and tactile artistic image with a certain space, so as to reflect social life and express the artist's aesthetic feelings, aesthetic emotions and aesthetic ideals.

Stone carvings are characterized by a sense of timelessness and power. Stone carving handicrafts are not only beautiful in shape, but also have a wide variety of types, which can be applied in all aspects of life. The common ones are stone animal ornaments, stone portrait sculptures, stone Buddha statues and stone small ornaments and so on.

From ancient times to the present, the art of stone carving has left us with valuable artistic and cultural value, and we can understand the historical and cultural background of that time through the study of stone carving handicrafts; It is a rare artistic treasure. For example: the naïve and cuteStone elephantsIn ancient times, most of them were placed in front of the yamen of the mansions of high-ranking officials and nobles, implying the identity and prestige of the master.

Nowadays, there are more and more people who like to be inA pair of stone elephants are placed at the entrance of the private houseIt is not only a love for stone carving culture, but also hopes that the auspicious meaning of stone elephants can always accompany you.

The general term for the three creative methods of carving, carving and plastic, referred to as carving.

1. According to the specific material, it can be divided into: ivory carving, jade carving, wood carving, stone carving, clay carving, face carving, bamboo carving, bone carving, inkstone, etc.

2. According to the carving technology, it can be divided into: round carving, relief carving, sinking carving, shadow carving, etc. 3

Enjoy, wear and collect stone carvings of stone craft ornaments.

Grottoes and cliff carvings.

Cemetery stone carvings. Stone carvings of palaces, mansions and gardens.

Stone carvings of temples, shrines, altars, and altars.

Stone bridge stone carving. Stone ques and archway stone carvings.

Stone carvings of the tower building. Such as various stone towers.

Stone carvings of inscriptions. Such as various monuments, mausoleums, etc.

Stone carvings of people and animals. Such as celebrity statues, Buddha statues, stone lions, etc.

Stone carving of daily craft products. Such as tables, chairs, stools, coffee tables, lamps, inkstones, etc.

Modern urban garden with commemorative stone carvings. Such as large-scale urban sculptures, garden sculptures and commemorative sculptures.